chapter 16 reveiw

Given these statements: 1. neuron cell bodies in the nuclei of cranial nerves 2. neuron cell bodies in the lateral gray matter of the spinal cord (S2-S4) 3. two synapses between the CNS and effector organs 4. regulates smooth muscle Which of the statements are true for the autonomic nervous system? A) 1,3 B) 2,4 C) 1,2,3 D) 2,3,4 E) 1,2,3,4

1,2,3,4

Given these structures: 1. gray ramus communicans 2. white ramus communicans 3. sympathetic chain ganglion Choose the arrangement that lists the structures in the order an action potential passes through them from a spinal nerve to an effector organ. A) 1,2,3 B) 1,3,2 C) 2,1,3 D) 2,3,1 E) 3,2,1

2.3.1.

Given these structures: 1. collateral ganglion 2. sympathetic chain ganglion 3. white ramus communicans 4. splanchnic nerve Choose the arrangement that lists the structures in the order an action potential travels through them on the way from a spinal nerve to an effector organ. A) 1,3,2,4 B) 1,4,2,3 C) 3,1,4,2 D) 3,2,4,1 E) 4,3,1,2

3,2,4,1

When acetylcholine binds to nicotinic receptors, A) the cell's response is mediated by G proteins. B) the response can be excitatory or inhibitory. C) Na+ channels open. D) it occurs at the effector organ. E) all of the above.

Na+ channels open ( increased depolization)

Which of these is expected if the sympathetic division is activated? A) Secretion of watery saliva increases. B) Tear production increases. C) Air passageways dilate. D) Glucose release from the liver decreases. E) All of the above.

air passageways to dilate

Nicotinic receptors are located in A) postganglionic neurons of the parasympathetic division. B) postganglionic neurons of the sympathetic division. C) membranes of skeletal muscle cells. D) both a and b. E) all of the above.

all of the above

The parasympathetic division A) is also called the craniosacral division. B) has preganglionic axons in cranial nerves. C) has preganglionic axons in pelvic nerves. D) has ganglia near or in the wall of effector organs. E) all of the above.

all of the above

Which of the following statements concerning the preganglionic neurons of the ANS is true? A) All parasympathetic preganglionic neurons secrete acetylcholine. B) Only parasympathetic preganglionic neurons secrete acetylcholine. C) All sympathetic preganglionic neurons secrete norepinephrine. D) Only sympathetic preganglionic neurons secrete norepinephrine.

all parasypathetic preganglionic neurons secrete acetylcholine

A drug is known to decrease heart rate. After cutting the white rami of T1-T4, the drug still causes heart rate to decline. After cutting the vagus nerves, the drug no longer affects heart rate. Which division of the ANS does the drug affect? Does the drug have its effect at the synapse between preganglionic and postganglionic neurons, at the synapse between postganglionic neurons and effector organs, or in the CNS? Is the effect of the drug excitatory or inhibitory

because cutting the vagus nerve elimates the effect the drug then the drug can not be acting between the preganglionic and post ganglionic synapse connot act at site between the postganglionic and effector organ drug excites the parasympathic centers of the brainstem of ,medulla oblangatta

Which of these structures is innervated almost exclusively by the sympathetic division? A) gastrointestinal tract B) heart C) urinary bladder D) reproductive tract E) blood vessels

blood vessels

The cell bodies of the postganglionic neurons of the sympathetic division are located in the A) sympathetic chain ganglia. B) collateral ganglia. C) terminal ganglia. D) dorsal root ganglia. E) both a and b.

both a and b

The sympathetic division A) is always stimulatory. B) is always inhibitory. C) is usually under conscious control. D) generally opposes the actions of the parasympathetic division. E) both a and c.

generally opposes the actions of the parasympathetic divisions

The activation of α1- and β1- adrenergic receptors A) generally produces a stimulatory response. B) generally produces an inhibitory response. C) most commonly occurs when epinephrine from the adrenal glands binds to them. D) occurs when acetylcholine binds to them.

generally produces a stimulatory response

Splanchnic nerves A) are part of the parasympathetic division. B) have preganglionic neurons that synapse in the collateral ganglia. C) exit from the cervical region of the spinal cord. D) travel from the spinal cord to the sympathetic chain ganglia. E) all of the above.

have preganglionic neurons that synapse in the collateral ganglia

Patients with diabetes mellitus can develop autonomic neuropathy, which is damage to parts of the autonomic nerves. Given the following parts of the ANS—vagus nerve, splanchnic nerve, pelvic nerve, cranial nerve, outflow of gray ramus—match the part with the symptom it would produce if the part were damaged: impotence subnormal sweat production gastric atony and delayed emptying of the stomach diminished pupil reaction (constriction) to light bladder paralysis with urinary retention

impotence = pelvic nerves subnormal sweat production= gray rami gastric atony and delayed emptying of the stomach = vagus nerve diminshed pupil reaction to light = cranial nerves bladder paralysis with urinary retention= pelvic nerves

A sudden increase in blood pressure A) initiates a sympathetic reflex that decreases heart rate. B) initiates a local reflex that decreases heart rate. C) initiates a parasympathetic reflex that decreases heart rate. D) both a and b. E) both b and c.

initiates a parasympathetic reflex that decrease heart rate

What regulates the pelvic nerves?

parasympthetic

Sympathetic axons reach organs through all of the following except A) abdominopelvic nerve plexuses. B) head and neck nerve plexuses. C) thoracic nerve plexuses. D) pelvic nerves. E) spinal nerves.

pelvic nerves

The white ramus communicans contains A) preganglionic sympathetic fibers. B) postganglionic sympathetic fibers. C) preganglionic parasympathetic fibers. D) postganglionic parasympathetic fibers.

preganglionic sympathetic fibers

A cholinergic neuron A) secretes acetylcholine. B) has receptors for acetylcholine. C) secretes norepinephrine. D) has receptors for norepinephrine. E) secretes both acetylcholine and norepinephrine.

secretes acetylcholine

Which of these is not a part of the enteric nervous system? A) ANS motor neurons B) neurons located only in the digestive tract C) sensory neurons D) somatic neurons

somatic neurons

When a person is startled or sees a "pleasurable" object, the pupils of the eyes may dilate. What division of the ANS is involved in this reaction? Describe the nerve pathway involved.

sympathetic nervous system of autonomic nervous system causes dilation of the pupil preganglionic sns change white rami communicates change to upper thoracic region of spinal cord t1-14 sympathic ganglia change post ganglionic neurons change to pupils of eye dilation

Which of the following statements regarding the adrenal gland is true? A) The parasympathetic division stimulates the adrenal gland to release acetylcholine. B) The parasympathetic division stimulates the adrenal gland to release epinephrine. C) The sympathetic division stimulates the adrenal gland to release acetylcholine. D) The sympathetic division stimulates the adrenal gland to release epinephrine.

the sympathitic division stimulats the adrenal gland to release epinephrine

Which of these cranial nerves does not contain parasympathetic fibers? A) oculomotor (III) B) facial (VII) C) glossopharyngeal (IX) D) trigeminal (V) E) vagus (X)

trigeminal (v)