Chapter 17 - Endocrine System
Place the stages of the Stress Response in chronological order.
1. Alarm Reaction 2. Stage of Resistance 3. Stage of Exhaustion
Place the following events from the picture in order.
3. Hypothalamus releases TRH 4. Anterior pituitary releases TSH 5. Thyroid releases TH
Identify the hormone represented by each letter.
A - TSH B - PRL C - FSH and LH D - ACTH E - GH
Identify the hormones in the picture.
A. CRH B. ACTH C. Cortisol
Identify the hormones produced by each region of the adrenal cortex.
A. Glomerulosa - Mineralocorticoids B. Fasciculata - Glucocorticoids C. Reticularis - Gonadocorticoids
Identify the endocrine organs on the diagram.
A. pituitary gland B. thyroid gland C. adrenal gland D. pancreas
Which hormone triggers the release of glucocorticoids from the adrenal cortex?
ACTH
Which hormones does the structure at A store?
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and Oxytocin
True or False: Melanocyte stimulating hormone is most active in adults.
False
Which of the following hormones primarily affects the reproductive organs?
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
______ diabetes is associated with some pregnant women.
Gestational
This person has which of the following disorders?
Graves disease
The name of the narrow midline of the gland pictured here (letter A) is the _______ of the thyroid.
Isthmus
Which of the following has both endocrine and exocrine functions?
Pancreas
Which of the following are considered major endocrine organs of the body?
Pituitary Gland; Adrenal Gland; Thyroid Gland
A hormone secreted by the hypothalamus is _________.
TRH; PRH; PIH; GnRH; CRH; GRH
True or False: When the body tries to repair its injuries, it secretes cortisol.
True
________ diabetes is also known as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
Type 1
The anterior pituitary gland is also referred to as the _______.
adenohypophysis
The hypothalamo-hypophyseal portal system connects the hypothalamus to the ________.
adenohypophysis
The paired triangular _____ glands are found atop the superior surface of each kidney.
adrenal
The _______ pituitary gland is part of the pituitary gland that both produces and secretes hormones.
anterior
If someone has Type 1 diabetes, it is because the _________ cells in their pancreas are no longer producing insulin.
beta
The endocrine system has many functions in the human body including which of the following?
controlling metabolism; regulating blood composition; overseeing reproductive functions; controlling digestive processes
Local hormones are a large group of signaling molecules of which the primary type are called __________.
eicosanoids
What are the two major controlling systems of the body?
endocrine and nervous
Which of the following are symptoms associated with hypothyroidism?
feeling cold, sluggishness, weight gain
In diabetes mellitus, there is an excess of ______, a condition otherwise known as glycosuria.
glucose in the urine
_______ stimulates cell growth and cell division specifically in bones and muscles.
growth hormone
Hormones can be released as a direct response to which of the following stimuli?
hormonal, humoral, and nervous system (neural)
The type of endocrine stimulation shown in picture B is ________ stimulation.
humoral
The pituitary gland is located in the ________.
hypophyseal fossa
Target organs regulate the pituitary through feedback loops. Most often, this takes the form of _________.
negative feedback inhibition
ADH and oxytocin are secreted by ________.
neurosecretory cells.
The pancreas is mostly composed of groups of cells called _______.
pancreatic acini
The hypothalamus is sometimes referred to as the "master control center" of the endocrine system because it ______.
regulates most endocrine functions of the body.
Tropic hormones ________.
stimulate certain endocrine glands to secrete hormones
The full name of the hormone T4 is ___________.
tetraiodothyronine
The _______ gland is located immediately inferior to the larynx and anterior to the trachea.
thyroid
The posterior pituitary gland releases ________ hormone(s).
two