Chapter 18

Realism and modernism had which of the following characteristics in common? Select one: A. Both forms emphasized virility and masculinity. B. They embraced feminism and women artists. C. They were closely allied with reform movements. D. Both were religiously and spiritually expressive.

A. Both forms emphasized virility and masculinity.

By 1916, which of the following religious groups had increased immensely in the United States because of immigration? Select one: A. Catholics B. Baptists C. Methodists D. Protestants

A. Catholics

Which of the following statements characterizes family life in the late 1800s? Select one: A. Family size continued its steady decline because middle-class children in cities were not needed for work. B. Farm daughters did more traditionally male work as young male farmers moved to large cities. C. The birthrate remained stable because of the different cultural values held by many immigrants. D. Family sizes actually increased as urban prosperity allowed parents to support more children comfortably.

A. Family size continued its steady decline because middle-class children in cities were not needed for work.

In the late nineteenth century, the American Catholic hierarchy was dominated by Select one: A. Irish Americans. B. Polish Americans. C. German Americans. D. Hispanic Americans.

A. Irish Americans.

Which of the following statements characterizes urban leisure in post-Civil War America? Select one: A. Leisure became a commercial commodity enjoyed outside the home. B. Most urban Americans worked such long hours that they had little time for leisure activities. C. Few urban Americans had any extra money to spend on leisure activities. D. Families and churches were still the settings of most leisure activities.

A. Leisure became a commercial commodity enjoyed outside the home.

Which of the following authors is correctly matched with one of his works? Select one: A. Mark Twain—A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court B. Stephen Crane—"To Build a Fire" C. Theodore Dreiser—Letters from the Earth D. Jack London—Maggie: A Girl of the Streets

A. Mark Twain—A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court

Which of the following was true for middle-class families in the late nineteenth century? Select one: A. Smaller family sizes allowed parents to focus their resources and increase their social mobility. B. Remaining unmarried by age twenty was very infrequent and widely stigmatized. C. Legal abortion and birth control aided in the move toward smaller families. D. Husbands and wives both worked in the home, thereby strengthening family ties.

A. Smaller family sizes allowed parents to focus their resources and increase their social mobility.

Which of the following authors rejected romanticism and Victorian sentimentality in their works? Select one: A. Stephen Crane B. George Bellows C. Andrew Carnegie D. Harriet Beecher Stowe

A. Stephen Crane

The growth of the YMCA in late-nineteenth-century American cities resulted from which of the following factors? Select one: A. The YMCA prompted "muscular Christianity" for white-collar workers. B. There was an epidemic of obesity across the United States in the nineteenth century. C. There was a greater need to train athletes for professional sports careers. D. People newly arrived in cities needed an outlet for entertainment.

A. The YMCA prompted "muscular Christianity" for white-collar workers.

How did the large department stores of the nineteenth century attract middle-class women patrons? Select one: A. They offered tearooms and attentive service. B. The stores banned men from entering without their mothers or wives. C. They proclaimed that children and women were their primary audience. D. The stores posted burly security guards at all the doors.

A. They offered tearooms and attentive service.

Why was the United Daughters of the Confederacy founded in 1894? Select one: A. To promote the "Lost Cause" of the South in the Civil War B. To study the historical factors that lead to the Civil War in the South C. To fight for the liberties of all people in the United States, regardless of race or gender D. To change the beliefs and customs of the South

A. To promote the "Lost Cause" of the South in the Civil War

By the early 1900s, many business leaders encouraged their male workers to participate in sports to Select one: A. adjust to the demands of the industrial clock. B. counter the influences of domesticity. C. exhaust workers' competitive instincts. D. maintain their contacts with working-class culture.

A. adjust to the demands of the industrial clock.

The Comstock Act took effect in 1873 and Select one: A. prohibited the circulation of any information about sex and birth control. B. reversed the earlier law that banned obscene materials from the U.S. mail. C. legalized the use of contraceptive devices made of vulcanized rubber. D. criminalized any activity that resulted in the creation of pornographic material.

A. prohibited the circulation of any information about sex and birth control.

Which of the following statements characterizes changes in the lives of middle-class American children in the last decades of the nineteenth century? Select one: A. Parents placed increasing emphasis on discipline. B. A high school education became more common. C. Children became economic assets on whom the family relied for income. D. Most moved directly from childhood into adult urban life.

B. A high school education became more common.

Which sport was the most controversial in the late 1800s? Select one: A. Women's field hockey B. College football C. Professional baseball D. Basketball

B. College football

Which of these late-nineteenth-century U.S. Supreme Court rulings settled the question of African Americans' access to regular first-class seats on American railroad cars until the 1950s? Select one: A. Wabash v. Illinois B. Plessy v. Ferguson C. Montana Railway Co. v. Warren D. Allen v. Hanks

B. Plessy v. Ferguson

How did baseball become America's most popular game? Select one: A. Baseball teams often allowed women to play. B. Professional teams were started in dozens of cities as part of the National League. C. It was the only distinctively American game before the 1860s. D. The game had been popular with Americans soldiers since the Revolutionary War.

B. Professional teams were started in dozens of cities as part of the National League.

In the late nineteenth century, many native-born, prosperous American Jews embraced Select one: A. atheism. B. Reform Judaism. C. nativism. D. Orthodox Judaism.

B. Reform Judaism.

The Gibson Girl of the 1890s personified which of the following female images? Select one: A. College-educated career women who preferred to remain single B. The middle-class "new woman"--public spirited and athletic C. Young working-class women who worked as servants for the middle-class D. Prostitutes in urban brothels who were patronized by middle-class men

B. The middle-class "new woman"--public spirited and athletic

Why did the rate of college attendance quadruple between the 1880s and the 1920s? Select one: A. Increasing numbers of women attended college. B. The public university system expanded. C. Private colleges began to emphasize practical pursuits. D. State universities began to adopt classical curricula.

B. The public university system expanded.

Which of the following phenomena spurred changes in Americans' understanding of masculinity in the late nineteenth century? Select one: A. Baseball B. Urban life and work C. Exclusive male city clubs D. The "new woman"

B. Urban life and work

Which region of the United States had responded to the women's voting rights movement by 1900? Select one: A. Northeast B. West C. Lower South D. Midwest

B. West

How did working-class women gain access to the fine department stores in the United States in the late nineteenth century? Select one: A. Vagrancy laws made it impossible for non-elite people to enter the stores. B. Working-class women gained access as clerks, cashiers, and store messengers. C. Working-class domestics accompanied their female employers into the stores. D. They could enter the stores only if they dressed and acted like middle-class women.

B. Working-class women gained access as clerks, cashiers, and store messengers.

In the late nineteenth century, Social Darwinists, such as William Graham Sumner, believed that Select one: A. "inferior" people should be discouraged from reproducing. B. millionaires were the fittest Americans. C. government should guide social processes. D. businesses should be regulated.

B. millionaires were the fittest Americans.

Which of the following statements describes Charles Darwin's theories as presented in his book, On the Origin of Species? Select one: A. Animals and plants can acquire transmissible traits within a single lifetime. B. Plants' and animals' adaptations were inevitably beneficial to the species. C. Animals and plants adapt to better suit their environment through natural selection. D. Human society should function on the basis of competition and survival of the fittest.

C. Animals and plants adapt to better suit their environment through natural selection.

Of the nine thousand overseas Protestant missionaries in 1915, the largest percentage of them served in Select one: A. Russia. B. Africa. C. Asia. D. Central America.

C. Asia.

Which of the following sports was invented by YMCA instructors in the 1890s? Select one: A. Baseball B. Lacrosse C. Basketball D. Football

C. Basketball

Which of these concepts followed directly from the philosophy of Social Darwinism? Select one: A. The Social Gospel B. Modernism C. Eugenics laws D. Domesticity

C. Eugenics laws

What did the term petticoat rule mean when it was used by antisuffragists in the early twentieth century? Select one: A. Women should always put their womanliness before any other ambitions. B. Women would become hungry for political office if given the right to vote. C. If granted the right to vote, women might cancel husband's votes. D. Women were often controlling in running households.

C. If granted the right to vote, women might cancel husband's votes.

In 1880s, the Women's Christian Temperance Movement (WCTU) controversially threw its support behind the Select one: A. Democratic Party. B. Republican Party. C. Prohibition Party. D. Greenback Labor Party.

C. Prohibition Party.

Which of the following is correctly matched? Select one: A. Audubon Society—oversaw many of the nation's national parks B. U.S. Forest Service—advocated broader protection for wild birds C. Sierra Club—founded by John Muir to preserve the environment D. Lacey Act—celebrated the austere beauty of the California desert

C. Sierra Club—founded by John Muir to preserve the environment

In which of the following athletic activities were elite women in their twenties likely to participate? Select one: A. Football B. Baseball C. Tennis D. Lacrosse

C. Tennis

Which of the following was a reason American businesses embraced baseball in the late nineteenth century? Select one: A. It reminded urban Americans of their rural past. B. The game taught a new generation about the bloody days of the Civil War. C. The game was a wholesome way to promote discipline and teamwork. D. It provided urbanites with a respected symbol of authority--the umpire.

C. The game was a wholesome way to promote discipline and teamwork.

The Women's Christian Temperance Movement (WCTU) was the first national movement to Select one: A. demand a constitutional amendment to ban alcohol. B. call for woman suffrage. C. identify and fight against domestic violence. D. be led by a woman.

C. identify and fight against domestic violence.

Elizabeth Cady Stanton's speech to Congress in 1892 on the "solitude of self" referred to the Select one: A. growing practice of meditation and relaxation. B. loneliness many experienced when they moved to large urban cities. C. importance of women's autonomy in modern society. D. Christian practice of extended prayer and fasting to grow closer to God.

C. importance of women's autonomy in modern society.

Between 1880 and 1920, higher education for women was Select one: A. banned in most of the South. B. unheard of in most parts of the country. C. mostly at single-sex institutions in the Northeast and South. D. almost universal among the middle class.

C. mostly at single-sex institutions in the Northeast and South.

The Heterodoxy Club, founded in Greenwich Village in 1912, was open to any woman who pledged Select one: A. support for domesticity and separate spheres. B. work assiduously for women's rights. C. not to be orthodox in her opinions. D. her belief in the centrality of heterosexuality.

C. not to be orthodox in her opinions.

The urban revivalism of Billy Sunday represented Select one: A. a strong example of the Social Gospel. B. the continuing appeal of Calvinist theology in American culture. C. the fundamentalism movement. D. a Catholic challenge to Protestantism.

C. the fundamentalism movement.

Which of the following groups would have been unlikely to support prohibition in the late nineteenth century? Select one: A. Baptists and Methodists B. Urban, elite women C. Rural farmers D. German immigrants

D. German immigrants

Which of the following statements summarizes Booker T. Washington's approach to racial change in the United States? Select one: A. Washington promoted black boarding schools to assimilate students into white culture. B. Washington advocated education for African Americans to end poverty and segregation. C. He advocated political organizing to challenge the structures and attitudes of racism. D. He promoted industrial education for blacks as a strategy for lessening white prejudice.

D. He promoted industrial education for blacks as a strategy for lessening white prejudice.

Which of the following describes the Woman's Christian Temperance Union (WCTU) in the late nineteenth century? Select one: A. The organization confined itself exclusively to work on the liquor question. B. The group used temperance as a front for its real feminist agenda and platform. C. Led by Susan B. Anthony, the group protested outside saloons with babies in arm. D. It supported woman suffrage as a tool that could challenge the liquor interest.

D. It supported woman suffrage as a tool that could challenge the liquor interest.

Which of the following describes the consumer culture that emerged in the late-nineteenth and early twentieth-century United States? Select one: A. Feminist and egalitarian B. Politically progressive C. Separate but equal D. Modern and innovative

D. Modern and innovative

Which of the following figures was a major proponent of commercial domesticity in the nineteenth century? Select one: A. Rutherford B. Hayes B. Horatio Alger C. Thomas Edison D. P. T. Barnum

D. P. T. Barnum

Which of the following is the correct chronological order of the literary movements in the United States during the late 1800s and early 1900s? Select one: A. Modernism, realism, romanticism, naturalism B. Naturalism, romanticism, realism, modernism C. Realism, romanticism, modernism, naturalism D. Romanticism, realism, naturalism, modernism

D. Romanticism, realism, naturalism, modernism

Which of the following is true of religion in the city at the turn of the twentieth century? Select one: A. Protestantism was easily accepted by city dwellers. B. Immigrant Catholics abandoned ethnic customs for the sake of religious unity. C. Protestant churches eschewed evangelism. D. The Catholic Church incorporated ethnic differences in urban areas.

D. The Catholic Church incorporated ethnic differences in urban areas.

The typical American middle-class household in 1900 consisted of husband, wife, and how many additional family members? Select one: A. Five children B. Two children C. Several children and extended family members D. Three children

D. Three children

The National Association of Colored Women was effective in its efforts to improve the life of African Americans because it Select one: A. gave lectures throughout the country. B. enabled African Americans to be educated in white schools. C. rejected the traditional role of women in domesticity. D. focused its attention on community issues such as public health.

D. focused its attention on community issues such as public health.

Iowans created the American Protective Organization in 1887 to Select one: A. protect Midwestern women from urban sex trafficking. B. prevent African Americans from moving into their state. C. protect black Iowans from the revived Ku Klux Klan. D. oppose the influence of Catholics in the United States.

D. oppose the influence of Catholics in the United States.

As the United States industrialized, the outdoors lost its association with danger and hard work and became newly associated with Select one: A. pollution. B. religion. C. sexuality. D. renewal.

D. renewal.

Protestant churches that espoused the Social Gospel Select one: A. urged congregations to focus on each other's personal salvation as "Social Christians." B. extended the principles of the Gospel of Wealth to religion. C. warned that society outside the church was contrary to God's plan. D. taught that Christians should fight for social justice and the public welfare.

D. taught that Christians should fight for social justice and the public welfare.