Chapter 21 Quiz

Quota

certain number of jobs or promotions for a certain group

Heterogeneous

different

Reverse Discrimination

discrimination against majority group

Rational Basis Test

does the question in bear a reasonable relationship to the achievement of some gov purpose (have we got rid of or limited discrimination)

How can an American lose their citizenship?

expatriation (renounced) and denaturalization (by fraud or deception through court order)

Separate but equal doctrine

facilities of blacks can be separate but n=must be equal to those of whites (plessy v ferguson)

Title IX

forbids discrimination in any education program that receives federal funding, ensures women receive fair educational treatment and in athlete programs at the college level (education amendments act 1972)

What is the significance of the declaration of sentiments?

men and women are created equal

Expatriation

the legal process by which a loss of citizenship occurs

Civil Rights Act of 1964

1) no person can be refused public accommodations, 2) prohibits discrimination in any program that receives federal funding, 3) forbids employers and labor unions from discriminating

Where is the constitution is gender specifically referenced?

19th amendment

Describe two laws intended to improve women's wages?

Equal Pay Act of 1963 (men and women paid equal for same job) and Civil Rights Act of 1964 (no sex based discrimination in job)

Alien

a citizen of a foreign state who lives in this country

Civil Right Act of 1968

a law that banned discrimination in housing (open housing act)

Strict Scrutiny Test

a state must be able to show that some "compelling governmental interest" justifies the distinctions it has drawn between classes of people

Immigrant

aliens legally admitted as a permanent residents

What was the adarand ruling?

all affirmative action cases will be reviewed under strict scrutiny (bonuses to highway workers in 10 percent of work went towards areas in economic distress)

What does the 14 amendment say about citizenship?

all persons born or naturalized in the us and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens to the us and of the state wherin they reside

Affirmative Action

approach that requires most employers to take positive steps to remedy the effects of past discrimination

What are the reasons a person can be deported?

illegal entry with false papers, sneaking in by ship or plane, or slipping across the border at night

What was the impact of the 13th amendment on racial discrimination?

it allowed discrimination by private individuals

What did the Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act of 1996 do?

it made it easier to deport illegal aliens by streamlining the deportation process, it toughened penalties by smuggling aliens into the country and prevented them from getting housing benefits

Jus Sanguinis

law of blood (determined by parentage)

Jus Soli

law of soil (where someone is born)

Jim Crow Laws

laws aimed at african americans

Naturalization

legal process by which a person can become a citizen of another country at the same time after birth

Deportation

legal process by which aliens are required to leave the country

List three reasons why women still earn less than men?

male workforce has more experience and education, moms leave work, and discrimination in corporate world

Equal Protection Clause

no state shall deny to any person within its jurisdiction "the equal protection of the laws"

Citizen

one who owes allegiance to the us and is entitled to the protection and privileges of its laws

Refugee

one who seeks protection from war, persecution, or some other danger

Assimilation

process by which people of one culture merge into another

Integration

process of desegregation

Denaturalization

process that can only occur by court order and naturalized cited can only lose their citizenship involuntary

Reservation

public land set aside by gov for native american use

De Jure

segregation authorized by law

De Facto

segregation that exists by practice and custom

What was the result of brown v board of education?

separate but equal is unconstitutional in the education system

Segregations

separation based on race