Chapter 21 Review
Define compliance and resistance. (Module 21.15A)
Compliance is the ease with which the lungs expand and recoil. Resistance is an indication of how much force is required to inflate or deflate the lungs.
Which of the following is greater? the partial pressure of oxygen in atmospheric air the partial pressure of oxygen in the alveoli
the partial pressure of oxygen in atmospheric air
The auditory tubes open into the
nasopharynx
During exercise, hemoglobin releases more oxygen to active skeletal muscles than it does when those muscles are at rest. Why?
Increased temperature and decreased pH generated by active skeletal muscles cause hemoglobin to release more oxygen during exercise than when the muscles are at rest
Describe the forces that drive oxygen and carbon dioxide transport between the blood and peripheral tissues. (Module 21.14B)
The partial pressure gradients push oxygen into peripheral tissues and carbon dioxide out of tissues and into blood.
If the fluid bond between the parietal and visceral pleura is broken and the lung collapses, the resulting condition is termed
atelectasis.
The ring-shaped cartilage just inferior to the thyroid cartilage is the ________ cartilage.
cricoid
Damage to the type II pneumocytes of the lungs would result in all of the following except
decreased number of dust cells.
The amount of air that a person can voluntarily expel after completing a normal, quiet respiratory cycle is termed
expiratory reserve volume.
The ________ is a depression in the lung that allows attachment of the primary bronchi, pulmonary vessels, and other structures.
hilum
The condition of having low tissue oxygen levels is known as
hypoxia
The vocal folds are located within the
larynx
The nasal cavity is divided into left and right portions by the
nasal septum.
Which of the following organs is not part of the lower respiratory system?
oropharynx
Lobar bronchi supply air to the
segmental bronchi.