Chapter 22

Lakukan tugas rumah & ujian kamu dengan baik sekarang menggunakan Quizwiz!

Which of the following is a correct and balanced equation showing the reaction of calcium and oxygen? (While several of the equations may be balanced, only one has the correct products and reactants as well as being correctly balanced.)

2Ca + O₂ = 2CaO

What happens to the entropy of the universe as the products are formed in an exothermic chemical reaction?

Chemical potential energy is converted into thermal energy resulting in an increase in entropy.

The atomic orbitals for potassium (K) and bromine (Br) are similar to those for sodium and chlorine. However they differ in that the potassium and bromine atomic orbitals are higher in energy than their counterparts. Why is this?

K and Br valence electrons experience a weaker attraction for their nucleus because they are farther from the nucleus.

Ionic bonding

Metal and nonmetal valence electron from metal given to nonmetal electrons are localized

which of the following is an ionic compound: O2 NH3 MgF2 CO2

MgF₂

Phosphorous is a non-metal found on the right hand side of the Periodic Table. Using the Periodic Table, determine the ion that would most likely form from this non-metal

P⁻³

Strontium is a metal found on the left-hand side of the Periodic Table. Using the Periodic Table, determine the ion most likely to form from this metal

Sr+²

Aluminum chloride is an ionic compound with a formula of AlCl3. Which of the following statements is true about the compound?

The ions will arrange themselves in the most energetically favorable arrangements with ions of one charge surrounded by ions of the opposite charge.

salts readily transmit light, so they are said to have this property

reflectivity

a substance formed from the ionic bond of a metal with a nonmetal

salt

what happens to the valence electrons as an ionic compound is formed?

the metal atom's valence electrons are given to the non-metal

the oxidation state of an atom is determined by

the number of electrons gained or lost when an ionic bond is formed

what happens to the valence electrons when an ionic compound is formed?

they typically end up with less energy

a salt is electrically neutral

true

metals easily lose electrons

true

molten salts are ionic conductors

true

How many more electrons does unbound oxygen need to fill its 2nd shell?

2

Which of the following would best describe the room temperature characteristics of the substance that results from the reaction of potassium and bromine?

Brittle, transparent, electrically non-conducting solid.

21. What is the charge of iron (Fe) in the compound Fe2O3?

+3

Properties of Ionic bonds

1) brittle- repelling of charges, electrons are free to move around 2) transparent- photons can go through bc electrons are localized not blocking 3)high melting and boiling point (highest of all)- hard to pull apart ionic bonds, need high energy 4) ionic conductors (not good conductors if solid)- electrons are not free flowing. if dissolved, ions will separate and be free to move around and carry charge

Which of the following would best describe the room temperature characteristics of ionic substance?

Brittle, non-conducting solid with high melting points.

a characteristic of ionic substances, such as salts, that readily shatter when struck a sharp blow

brittleness

ionic compounds are formed b/t a metal and a

non-metal

a material that contains ions when dissolved or molten to produce an electrically conductive medium

electrolyte

electrons like to go to the highest energy condition available to them

false

ionic compounds have extremely low melting temperatures

false

salts can easily be flatten or reshaped

false

a charged atom or molecule with unequal numbers of protons and electrons formed by losing or gaining electrons

ion

the chemical bond that binds metallic ions to nonmetallic ions by electrical attraction

ionic bonding


Set pelajaran terkait

Fordney Insurance Handbook - Chapter 8

View Set

Chapter 26: Disorders of Blood Flow and Blood Pressure Regulation

View Set

US History since 1865 Final Exam

View Set

Lesson Quiz 3-1 The Constitution

View Set

Personal Financial Planning Exam 2

View Set

Nutrition : nutrition facts panel

View Set