Chapter 23 - The Tongue

Fine projections on superior surface (dorsum) of tongue

What are Filiform (lingual) papillae?

Mushroom shaped, reddish, scattered over tongue

What are fungiform papillae?

Specialized epithelial cells located on fungiform and vallate papillae

What are taste buds?

Mechanical processing, manipulation, sensory analysis, secretion

What are the four functions of the tongue?

Extrinsic tongue muscle, intrinsic tongue muscle

What are the muscles of the tongue?

Secretions used to flush tongues epithelium

What are the sublingual gland secretions used for?

Small glands extended into underlying lamina propria

What are the sublingual glands?

Anterior body (oral portion, Posterior root (pharyngeal portion)

What are the two parts of the tongue?

Rough boundary between body and root of tongue in V shaped line

What are the vallate (circumvallate) papillae?

Contain water and mucins - act as buffer and lubricant

What do the sublingual glands secretions contain?

Connects body of tongue to floor of oral cavity

What does the lingual frenulum connect?

Lingual lipase

What enzyme does the tongue produce?

Touch, temperature, and taste receptors

What is involved in sensory analysis of the tongue?

Secreted by serous cells beneath foliate and valet papillae

What is lingual lipase secreted by?

Fat digesting enzyme which can function in the mouth and the acidic stomach

What is lingual lipase?

Assits in chewing, prepares material for swallowing by forming the bolus

What is manipulation of the tongue?

Compression, abrasion, and distortion

What is mechanical processing of the tongue?

Produces mucins and enzyme

What is secretion of the tongue used to produce?

Perform all gross movements of the tongue

What is the function of extrinsic tongue muscles?

Change shape of tongue - assist extrinsic muscles during precise movements (speech, etc.)

What is the function of intrinisic tongue muscles?

Roughen tongue - assists in moving materials

What is the function of the filiform papillae?

Prevents extreme tongue movements

What is the function of the lingual frenulum,?

Manipulates material inside mouth - may bring foods into oral cavity

What is the general function of the tongue?

A thin fold of mucous membrane along inferior midline

What is the lingual frenulum?

Covered in thick epithelium

What type of epithelium makes up filiform papillae?

Are large muscles

What type of muscles are extrinsic tongue muscles?

Originate outside and attach the tongue to the mandible, hyoid bone, etc.

Where are extrinsic tongue muscles found?

In the orohparynx, V-shaped

Where are the vallate papillae located?

Originate inside the tongue

Where do intrinsic tongue muscles originate?