Chapter 23 - The Tongue
Fine projections on superior surface (dorsum) of tongue
What are Filiform (lingual) papillae?
Mushroom shaped, reddish, scattered over tongue
What are fungiform papillae?
Specialized epithelial cells located on fungiform and vallate papillae
What are taste buds?
Mechanical processing, manipulation, sensory analysis, secretion
What are the four functions of the tongue?
Extrinsic tongue muscle, intrinsic tongue muscle
What are the muscles of the tongue?
Secretions used to flush tongues epithelium
What are the sublingual gland secretions used for?
Small glands extended into underlying lamina propria
What are the sublingual glands?
Anterior body (oral portion, Posterior root (pharyngeal portion)
What are the two parts of the tongue?
Rough boundary between body and root of tongue in V shaped line
What are the vallate (circumvallate) papillae?
Contain water and mucins - act as buffer and lubricant
What do the sublingual glands secretions contain?
Connects body of tongue to floor of oral cavity
What does the lingual frenulum connect?
Lingual lipase
What enzyme does the tongue produce?
Touch, temperature, and taste receptors
What is involved in sensory analysis of the tongue?
Secreted by serous cells beneath foliate and valet papillae
What is lingual lipase secreted by?
Fat digesting enzyme which can function in the mouth and the acidic stomach
What is lingual lipase?
Assits in chewing, prepares material for swallowing by forming the bolus
What is manipulation of the tongue?
Compression, abrasion, and distortion
What is mechanical processing of the tongue?
Produces mucins and enzyme
What is secretion of the tongue used to produce?
Perform all gross movements of the tongue
What is the function of extrinsic tongue muscles?
Change shape of tongue - assist extrinsic muscles during precise movements (speech, etc.)
What is the function of intrinisic tongue muscles?
Roughen tongue - assists in moving materials
What is the function of the filiform papillae?
Prevents extreme tongue movements
What is the function of the lingual frenulum,?
Manipulates material inside mouth - may bring foods into oral cavity
What is the general function of the tongue?
A thin fold of mucous membrane along inferior midline
What is the lingual frenulum?
Covered in thick epithelium
What type of epithelium makes up filiform papillae?
Are large muscles
What type of muscles are extrinsic tongue muscles?
Originate outside and attach the tongue to the mandible, hyoid bone, etc.
Where are extrinsic tongue muscles found?
In the orohparynx, V-shaped
Where are the vallate papillae located?
Originate inside the tongue
Where do intrinsic tongue muscles originate?
