Chapter 26
Creatinine from the breakdown of creatine phosphate in muscle fibers is Correct! secreted to become urine reabsorbed back to the blood partially reabsorbed not present in humans filtered differently depending on
A
Sodium ions may be reabsorbed through a) sodium-glucose symporters in the proximal convoluted tubules. b) sodium-hydrogen ion antiporters in the loop of Henle. c) sodium-glucose symporters in the distal convoluted tubule. d) sodium-hydrogen ion antiporters in the late distal convoluted tubule. e) sodium-chloride symporters in the collecting
A
Glomerular filtration rate is increased by all of the following EXCEPT a) increased production of angiotensin II b) increased secretion of atrial natriuretic peptide c) increased stretching of of smooth muscle fibers in afferent arterioles d) increased activity of renal sympathetic ne
B
Juxtamedullary nephrons a) make up about 80-85% of the nephrons within the kidney. b) allows excretion of very dilute or concentrated urine. c) have renal corpuscles located in the outer portion of the renal cortex. d) have very short nephron loops. e) have very thick descending nephron lo
B
The glomerular filtrate contains a lower concentration of _____ than does blood plasma. a) albumin b) glucose c) water d) sodium e) urea
B
The macula densa inhibits the release of ________ atrial natriuretic peptide Correct! nitric oxide angiotensin II
B
What best describes the glomerulus? mass of capillaries fed by the efferent arteriole mass of capillaries fed by the afferent arteriole a reservoir of blood fed by various capillaries a space that can be used to store immune cells
B
Why is glomerular capillary blood pressure high. Because the efferent arteriole is the same diameter as the afferent arteriole Because the efferent arteriole is smaller in diameter than the afferent arteriole
B
Cortical nephrons have: very long loops of Henle that extend deep into the medulla very short loops of Henle that only extend into the cortex region relatively short loops of Henle that extend into the outer region of the medulla
C
Presence of which of the following in the urine, even in small amounts, is indicative of a possible problem in the renal system of a patient? potassium urea glucose
C
Urine is formed in a three-step process: which of the following gives the correct order in which these steps take place in the nephron? Tubular reabsorption, tubular secretion, glomerular filtration Glomerular filtration, tubular secretion, tubular reabsorption Glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorption, tubular secretion Tubular secretion, tubular reabsorption, glomerular filtration
C
Which of the following labels correctly identifies the juxtaglomerular apparatus? Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. a) A b) B c) C d) D e) E
C
Renal nerves primarily carry ______ outflow hormonal voluntary parasympathetic sympathetic
D
This is the formation of a new glucose molecule. glucosamine calcitriol glycolysis Glugengensis
D
Which of the following equations is CORRECT? a) NFP = GBHP + CHP - BCOP b) NFP = GBHP - CHP + BCOP c) NFP = GBHP + CHP + BCOP d) NFP = GBHP - CHP - BCOP e) NFP = GBHP - BCOP
D
Which of the following occurs when water loss is greater than water gain? Precipitation Insensible loss Evaporation Correct! Dehydration
D
nephron includes a 1. renal corpuscle. 2. renal tubule. 3. renal capsule. a) 1 only b) 2 only c) 3 only d) 1 and 2 are correct. e) 1, 2, and 3 are correct.
D
If the urinary excretion rate of a drug such as penicillin is greater than the rate at which it is filtered at the glomerulus, how else is it getting into the urine? a) movement through intercellular clefts in the glomerular capillaries b) active transport c) blood colloid osmotic pressure d) tubular reabsorption e) tubular secretion
E
Filtration through the glomerular capillaries is much greater than that seen in capillaries elsewhere in the body because the afferent arteriole in the glomerulus is smaller than the efferent arteriole. a) True b) False
False
The kidneys lie within the peritoneal membrane. a) True b) False
False
All of the following are wastes removed by the kidneys EXCEPT a) urea b) bilirubin c) creatinine d) drugs e) water
Water