Chapter 3

which of the following workers is the most productive

$100 wages, 21 parts produced

an employee produces 15 parts during a shift in which he made $90. which is the labor content of the product

$6

A work center had planned outputs of 10, 15, 13, and 20 hours with actual outputs of 12, 14, 13, and 18 hours. What is the cumulative deviation in output?

-1

If job 5 takes 3, 4 or 5 hours to be completed by workers A, B, and C, respectively, what would the row values for job 5 be after performing Step 1A of the assignment method?

0, 1, 2

14) An activity on a PERT network has these time estimates: optimistic = 2, most likely = 5, and pessimistic = 10. What is its expected activity time? A) 5.00 B) 5.33 C) 5.67 D) 10.67 E) 32.00

B

15) An activity on a PERT network has these time estimates: optimistic = 1, most likely = 2, and pessimistic = 5. What is its expected activity time? A) 2.00 B) 2.33 C) 2.67 D) 4.67 E) 14.00

B

15) The critical path for the network activities shown below is ________ with duration ________. Activity Duration Immediate Predecessors A 10 --- B 8 --- C 2 A D 4 A E 5 B,C, D A) A-C; 12 B) A-D-E; 19 C) B-E; 13 D) A-B-C-D-E; 29 E) none of the above

B

17) A local project being analyzed by PERT has 42 activities, 13 of which are on the critical path. If the estimated time along the critical path is 105 days with a project variance of 25, what is the probability that the project will be completed in 95 days or less? A) -0.4 B) 0.0228 C) 0.3444 D) 0.9772 E) 4.2

B

18) A project being analyzed by PERT has 38 activities, 16 of which are on the critical path. If the estimated time along the critical path is 90 days with a project variance of 25, what is the probability that the project will be completed in 88 days or less? A) 0.0228 B) 0.3446 C) 0.6554 D) 0.9772 E) 18

B

22) A project whose critical path has an estimated time of 120 days with a variance of 100 has a 20% chance that the project will be completed before which day (rounded to nearest day)? A) 98 B) 112 C) 120 D) 124 E) 220

B

A simple CPM network has three​ activities, D,​ E, and F. D is an immediate predecessor of E and of F. E is an immediate predecessor of F. The activity durations are D=​4, E=​3, F=8.

Critical Path = D-E-F duration 15

10) A network has been crashed to the point where all activities are critical. Additional crashing: A) is unnecessary. B) is impossible. C) is prohibitively expensive. D) may require crashing multiple tasks simultaneously. E) can be done, but all critical tasks must be reduced in duration.

D

1) A project organization works best for an organization when the project resides in only one of its functional areas. True or False

False

1) Shortening the project's duration by deleting unnecessary activities is called "project crashing." True or False

False

1) The PERT pessimistic time estimate is an estimate of the minimum time an activity will require. True or False

False

1) The shortest of all paths through the network is the critical path. True or False

False

2) PERT, but not CPM, has the ability to consider the precedence relationships in a project. True or False

False

2) The fundamental difference between PERT and CPM is that PERT uses the beta distribution for crashing projects while CPM uses cost estimates. True or False

False

2) The standard deviation of project duration is the average of the standard deviation of all activities on the critical path. True or False

False

3) Work breakdown structure is a useful tool in project management because it addresses the timing of individual work elements. True or False

False

4) The critical path can be determined by use of either the "forward pass" or the "backward pass." True or False

False

quality function analysis:

determines what will satisfy the customer translates customer desires into target design is used early in the design process is used to determine where to deploy quality efforts

the objective of a layout strategy is to

develop an effective layout that will meet a firms competitive requirements

the center of gravity method id used primarily to determine what type of locations

distribution center locations

the fundamental difference between cycles and seasonality is the:

duration of the repeating paterns

value analysis takes place:

during the production process when its clear that the new product is a success

the three major types of forecasts used by organizations in planning future operations are:

economic, technological, and demand

Ambient conditions, spatial layout and functionality, and signs, symbols, and artifacts are all

elements of servicescapes

the difference between job enrichment and job enlargement is

enriched jobs involve more vertical expansions while enlarged jobs involve horizontal expansion

which of the following methods best considers intangible costs related to location decision

factor rating method

Earliest due date is a shop floor dispatching (sequencing) rule that relates the time available to complete a job to the amount of work left to be completed.

false

a project organization works best for an organization when the project resides in only one of its functional areas

false

computer-aired design refers to the use of specialized computer programs to direct and control manufacturing equipment

false

in order to have a career in operations management, one must have a degree in statistics or quantitative methods

false

the four phases of the product life cycle are incubation, growth and decline

false

the shortest of all paths through the network is the critical path

false

working four shifts of ten hours each instead of five shifts of eight hours is known as

flexible work week

______ represent and organizations attempt to gain increased efficiency through specialization, which can include concentration on certain classes of customers

focused processes

the two most basic policies associated with employment stability are

follow demand exactly and hold employment constant

________ are planning charts used to schedule resources and allocate time.

gantt charts

which of the following statements regarding gantt charts is true

gantt charts are visual devices that show the duration of activities in a project

the marketing function is concerned with:

generating the demand for the organizations products or services

a code of ethics especially for project managers

has been established by the project management institute

a disadvantage of the few suppliers sourcing strategy is

high cost of changing parters

which of the following phrases best describes product focus

high inventory

a product focused process is commonly used to produce

high volume, low variety products

globalization of the location decision is the result of all EXCEPT which of the following

higher quality of labor costs

Which of the following statements regarding CPM networks is​ true?

if a specific project has multiple critical​ paths, all of them will have the same duration

a products life cycle is divided into four stages, which are:

introduction, growth, maturity, and decline

value stream mapping

is a variation of time function mapping examines the supply chain to determine where the value is added extends time function mapping back to the supplier start with the customer and works backwards

methods analysis focuses on

issues such as the movement of individuals or materials

which of the following is true regarding the concept of felxibility

it is the ability to respond with little penalty in time, cost or customer value it may be accomplished with digitally controlled equipment it may involve modular or moveable equipment

the process strategy that is organized around processes to facilitate low volume, high variety processes is called a _____

process focus

three of the four types of processes are:

process focus, repetitive focus, and product focus

what layout strategy deals with low volume, high variety production

process oriented

the purchasing function is concerned with:

procuring materials, supplies, and equipment

which of the following describes vertical integration

produce goods and services perviously purchased

_____ is used to rank a company's products to determine which products represent the best use of the firms resources, or perhaps, the determine which products are to be eliminated

product by value analysis

which of the following is a primary supplier selection criterion for a firm purchasing a differentiation stategy

product development skills

the ______ layouts main objective is to equalize the task time for each station

product oriented

in most manufacturing industries, which of the following would be the largest cost

purchasing

two general approaches to forecasting are:

qualitative and quantitative

in time series, which of the following cannot be predicted

random variations

mutual trust is

reflected in reasonable, documented employment policies that are honestly and equitability implemented to the satisfaction of both management and employee

______ is a process strategy based on a product oriented production process that uses modules

repetitive focus

among which of the following industries are purchasing costs the lowest of sales

restaurants

which of the following industries is most likely to have low equipment utilization

restaurants

if a design can be produced to requirements even when the production process has unfavorable conditions, the design is said to be ____________

robust

the finance function is concerned with:

securing monetary resources

the three major elements of the product decision are:

selection, definition, and design

which of the following is not among the eight determinants of revenue and volume for a service firm

shipment cost of finished goods

In the sequence of decisions that affect scheduling, ________ is (are) the immediate follower(s) of the master schedule (or master production schedule).

short-term scheduling

which of the following is not a condition that favors the success of vertical integration

small market share

Which of the following is the THIRD level in work breakdown structure​ (WBS)?

subtasks in major tasks

a graphic technique for defining the relationship between customer desires and product is:

the house of quality

Which of the following is NOT required to be known in order to schedule process-focused facilities?

which workers are assigned to each work center

"a special arrangement of machinery and equipment to focus on production of a single product or group of related products" describes what layout type

work cell

A work center had actual input of 280 hours and actual output of 270 hours. What is the change in backlog?

10

extended periods of exposure to decibel levels above _______ has been judged to be permanently damaging

85dB

16) An activity on a PERT network has these time estimates: optimistic = 2, most likely = 3, and pessimistic = 8. What is its expected activity time and variance? A) 3.67; 1 B) 3.67; 6 C) 4.33; 1 D) 4.33; 6 E) none of the above

A

20) A contractor's project being analyzed by PERT has an estimated time for the critical path of 120 days. The sum of all activity variances is 81; the sum of variances along the critical path is 64. What is the probability that the project will take 130 or more days to complete? A) 0.1057 B) 0.1335 C) 0.8512 D) 0.8943 E) 1.29

A

3) A project manager is interested in crashing a project with variable activity times. Which of the following tools should he/she employ? A) PERT B) CPM C) Gantt Chart D) either PERT or CPM E) PERT, CPM, or a Gantt chart are fine.

A

7) If an activity whose normal duration is 13 days can be shortened to 10 days for an added cost of $1,500, what is the crash cost per period? A) $500 B) $1,500 C) $750 D) $13,000 E) $15,000

A

7) Which of the following statements regarding PERT times is true? A) The optimistic time estimate is an estimate of the minimum time an activity will require. B) The optimistic time estimate is an estimate of the maximum time an activity will require. C) The expected time estimate is calculated as t = (a + 4m + b). D) The pessimistic time estimate is an estimate of the minimum time an activity will require. E) The most likely time estimate is an estimate of the maximum time an activity will require.

A

8) Two critical path activities are candidates for crashing on a CPM network. Activity details are in the table below. To cut one day from the project's duration, activity ________ should be crashed first, adding ________ to project cost. Activity Normal Time Normal Cost Crash Time Crash Cost One 8 days $6,000 6 days $6,800 Two 10 days $4,000 9 days $5,000 A) One; $400 B) One; $6,800 C) Two; $1,000 D) Two; $5,000 E) One or Two should be crashed; $1,400

A

9) If an activity whose normal duration is 15 days can be shortened to 10 days for an added cost of $2,000, what is the crash cost per period? A) $400 B) $2,000 C) $10,000 D) $20,000 E) $30,000

A

11) In a PERT network, non-critical activities that have little slack need to be monitored closely: A) because PERT treats all activities as equally important. B) because near-critical paths could become critical paths with small delays in these activities. C) because slack is undesirable and needs to be eliminated. D) because they are causing the entire project to be delayed. E) because they have a high risk of not being completed.

B

4) The time an activity will take assuming very unfavorable conditions is: A) the optimistic time. B) the pessimistic time. C) the activity variance. D) the minimum time. E) exactly twice as long as the expected time.

B

5) The ________ distribution is used by PERT analysis to calculate expected activity times and variances. A) Normal B) Beta C) Alpha D) Gaussian E) Binomial

B

6) The expected activity time in PERT analysis is calculated as: A) the simple average of the optimistic, pessimistic, and most likely times. B) the weighted average of a, m, and b, with m weighted 4 times as heavily as a and b. C) the sum of the optimistic, pessimistic, and most likely times. D) the sum of the optimistic, pessimistic, and most likely times, divided by six. E) the sum of the activity variances, divided by six.

B

6) Which of the following statements regarding time-cost tradeoffs in CPM networks is false? A) Crashing shortens project duration by assigning more resources to critical tasks. B) Crashing sometimes has the reverse result of lengthening the project duration. C) Crashing must consider the impact of crashing an activity on all paths in the network. D) Activities not on the critical path can become critical after crashing takes place. E) A negative crash cost per period would imply that either crashing is cheaper than not crashing or that the crash time was slower than the normal time.

B

1) Which of the following is NOT a limitation of PERT? A) Project activities have to be clearly defined, independent, and stable in their relationships. B) Precedence relationships must be specified and networked together. C) Only one time estimate can be used for each activity. D) Time estimates tend to be subjective and are subject to fudging by managers. E) There is the inherent danger of placing too much emphasis on the critical path.

C

1) Which of the following is NOT performed by Microsoft Project? A) drawing the project AON network B) identifying the critical path C) providing PERT probability calculations D) tracking the progress of the project E) creating the project Gantt chart

C

10) The beta distribution is used in project management to: A) determine which activity should be crashed. B) calculate the probability that a project will be completed within its budget. C) calculate expected activity times. D) calculate slack for activities on the critical path. E) none of the above

C

11) Two critical path activities are candidates for crashing on a CPM network. Activity details are in the table below. To cut one day from the project's duration, activity ________ should be crashed first, adding ________ to project cost. Activity Normal Time Normal Cost Crash Time Crash Cost B 4 days $6,000 3 days $8,000 C 6 days $4,000 4 days $6,000 A) B; $2,000 B) B; $8,000 C) C; $1,000 D) C; $2,000 E) C; $6,000

C

13) A project being analyzed by PERT has 60 activities, 13 of which are on the critical path. If the estimated time along the critical path is 214 days with a project variance of 100, what is the probability that the project will take 224 days or more to complete? A) near zero B) 0.0126 C) 0.1587 D) 0.8413 E) 2.14

C

23) A project whose critical path has an estimated time of 820 days with a variance of 225 has a 20% chance that the project will be completed before which day (rounded to nearest day)? A) 631 B) 689 C) 807 D) 833 E) 1009

C

8) Which of the following statements regarding PERT times is true? A) The expected time is an estimate of the time an activity will require if everything goes as planned. B) The optimistic time estimate is an estimate of the maximum time an activity will require. C) The expected time estimate is calculated as t = (a + 4m + b)/6. D) The pessimistic time estimate is an estimate of the minimum time an activity will require. E) The most likely time estimate is an estimate of the maximum time an activity will require.

C

A work center is interested in limiting work-in-process by not allowing production to start again until the current batch is finished. The best solution most likely involves:

ConWIP cards.

12) Which of the following statements regarding PERT analysis is true? A) Each activity has two estimates of its duration. B) Project variance is the sum of all activity variances. C) Project standard deviation is the sum of all critical activity standard deviations. D) Only critical activities contribute to the project variance. E) The most likely time is equivalent to the expected activity time.

D

19) A PERT project has 45 activities, 19 of which are on the critical path. The estimated time for the critical path is 120 days. The sum of all activity variances is 64, while the sum of variances along the critical path is 36. What is the probability that the project can be completed between days 108 and 120? A) -2.00 B) 0.0227 C) 0.1058 D) 0.4773 E) 0.9773

D

24) Contract requirements state that a project must be completed within 180 working days, or it will incur penalties for late completion. Analysis of the activity network reveals an estimated project time of 145 working days with a project variance of 400. What is the probability that the project will be completed before the late-payment deadline? A) 0.0401 B) 0.4599 C) 0.8056 D) 0.9599 E) near 1.0000, or almost certain

D

4) Which of these statements regarding time-cost tradeoffs in CPM networks is true? A) Crashing is not possible unless there are multiple critical paths. B) Crashing a project often reduces the length of long-duration, but noncritical, activities. C) Activities not on the critical path can never be on the critical path, even after crashing. D) Crashing shortens the project duration by assigning more resources to one or more of the critical tasks. E) The crash time always exceeds the normal time.

D

21) Analysis of a PERT problem shows the estimated time for the critical path to be 108 days with a variance of 64. There is a .90 probability that the project will be completed before approximately day: A) 98. B) 108. C) 109. D) 115. E) 118.

E

5) What was the name of the construction project to rebuild the Pentagon after the terrorist attacks on Sept. 11, 2001? A) Project Panther B) Project Pit Bull C) Project Python D) Project Piranha E) Project Phoenix

E

9) The beta distribution is used in project management to: A) calculate slack on activities not on the critical path. B) calculate the probability that a project will be completed within its budget. C) calculate pessimistic and optimistic activity times. D) determine which activity should be crashed. E) none of the above

E

2) In project management, crashing an activity must consider the impact on all paths in the network. True or False

True

3) In PERT analysis, the identification of the critical path can be incorrect if a noncritical activity takes substantially more than its expected time. True or False

True

The ________ is a special class of linear programming models that involves assigning tasks or jobs to resources.

assignment method

when should a product strategy focus on forecasting capacity requirements

at the introduction stage

which of the following products is likely to be assembled on a repetitive process line

automobiles

________ scheduling begins with the due date and schedules the final operation first and the other job steps in reverse order.

backward

which of the following best describes mutual commitment in an organization

both management and the employees committed to the same objective

one of the elements of ergonomics is

designing tool and machines that facilitate human work

________ cards are used to control the amount of work in a work center, aiding input-output control.

conWIP

among the following choices, an operations manager might best evaluate political risk of a country by looking at which type of country ranking?

corruption

a location decision for an appliance manufacturer would tend to have what type of focus

cost focus

which of the following products is most likely made in a job shop environment

custom furniture

which of the following is true concerning advantages of CAD

it provides accurate information flows to other departments most product costs are determined at the design stage design options are easier to review before final commitments are made virtually are products have their development cycle shortened

what is the behavioral approach to job design that involves giving the worker more tasks requiring similar skills

job enlargement

japanese manufacturers often pursue a strategy that is part collaboration part purchasing from a few suppliers, and part vertical integration. what is this approach called

keiretsu

which of the following would not typically be considered part of a manufacturing firms supply chain

landscaping contractors

_____ is the assignment of jobs to work or processing centers.

loading

the reason fast food restaurants often are found in close proximity to each other is

location clustering near high traffic flows

for which corporate strategy should supply chain inventory be minimized

low cost and differentiation

the objective of human resource strategy is to

manage labor and design jobs so people are effectively and efficiently utilized

_____ is a rapid low cost production that caters to constantly changing unique customer desires

mass customization

a good layout requires determining

material handling requirements capacity and space requirements environment and aesthetics cost of moving between various work areas

at which stage of the products life cycle is product strategy likely to focus on improved cost control

maturity

which of the following does not support the retail layout objective of maximizing customer exposure to products

maximize exposure to expensive items

Retail layouts tare based on the notion that

maximizing customer exposure rate maximizes sales and profit

The main goal of retail layout is

maximizing profitability per square foot of floor space

industrial location analysis typically attempts to

minimize cost

as tool using animals, human performance is affected by

noise, illumination, vibration temp, humidity, air quality strength, reflexes, perception, design of pedal, levers, and buttons

which of the following constitutes a major trend influencing office layouts

off-site employees

location decisions are often being based on which of the following

ports and rivers rail hubs interstate highways airports

What is the objective of scheduling?

prioritize and allocate demand to available facilities

an organizations approach to transforming resources into good and services is called ______

process focus

Three jobs are to be assigned to three machines. Cost for each job-machine combination appears in the table below. Perform the first two steps of the assignment method (subtract the smallest number in each row and subtract the smallest number in each column; then cover with straight lines). At this point in the problem-solving process:

the row for Job 1 contains the values 5, 6, and 0.

which of the following is false regarding repetitive process

they allow east switching from one product to another

which of the following is not an advantage of a virtual company

total control over every aspect of the organization

outsourcing

transfers traditional internal activities to outside vendors utilizes the efficiency that comes with specialization allows the outsourcing firm to focus on its key success factors

Category management is the use of computer software to evaluate the profitability of merchandising plans

true

Cross-docking processes items as they are received, rather than placing them in storage

true

a value stream map includes both inventory quantities and symbols for customers and suppliers

true

an example of an intangible cost, as it relates to location decisions, is the quality of education

true

flextime is a system that allows employees to determine their own work schedules

true

job rotation is a version of job enlargement

true

labor planning determines employment stability

true

one guideline for a retail layout is to locate high draw items around the periphery of the store

true

one reason for a firm locating near its competitors is the presences of a major resources it needs

true

project strategy may focus on developing a competitive advantage via differentiation, low cost, rapid response, or a combination of these

true

service blueprinting is a process analysis technique that focuses on the customer and the providers interaction with the customer

true

the objective of the product decision is to develop and implement a product strategy that meets the demands of the market place with a competitive advantage

true

the ratio of labor cost per day to productivity, in units per day, is the labor cost unit

true

time function mapping is a flowchart with time added to the horizontal axis

true

currency risk is based on what assumptions

values of foreign currencies continually rise and fall in most countries

which of the following is not of the six sourcing strategies

virtual companies

Balancing low-cost storage with low-cost material handling is important in a(n)

warehouse layout

There are two jobs to be assigned to two workers. The profit for worker A on job 1 is $5 and on job 2 is $8. The profit for worker B on job 1 is $10 and on job 2 is $12. How should the work be divided using the assignment method?

worker A assigned to job 2 and worker B assigned to job 1

which of the following is usually not one of the top considerations in choosing a country for a facility location

zoning regulations

3) A combination of effective Gantt chart use and other tactics allowed Delta to cut the average time for a plane layover by what % of the original 60 minute duration? A) 33%, to 40 minutes B) 50%, to 30 minutes C) 20%, to 48 minutes D) 25%, to 45 minutes E) 40%, to 36 minutes

A

5) The phases of project management are: A) planning, scheduling, and controlling. B) planning, programming, and budgeting. C) planning, organizing, staffing, leading, and controlling. D) different for manufacturing projects than for service projects. E) GANTT, CPM, and PERT.

A

6) A project organization: A) is effective for companies with multiple large projects. B) is appropriate only in construction firms. C) often fails when the project cuts across organizational lines. D) is most helpful for ongoing projects with no termination date. E) is most helpful when the work contains simple and unrelated tasks.

A

7) A code of ethics especially for project managers: A) has been established by the Project Management Institute. B) has been formulated by the Federal government. C) has been formulated by the World Trade Organization. D) is inappropriate, since everyone should use the same guidance on ethical issues. E) does not exist at this time.

A

7) A simple CPM network has three activities, A, B, and C. A is an immediate predecessor of B and of C. B is an immediate predecessor of C. The activity durations are A=4, B=3, C=8. A) The critical path is A-B-C, duration 15. B) The critical path is A-C, duration 12. C) The critical path is A-B-C, duration 13.5 D) The critical path cannot be determined without knowing PERT expected activity times. E) The network has no critical path.

A

8) A simple CPM network has three activities, D, E, and F. D is an immediate predecessor of E and of F. E is an immediate predecessor of F. The activity durations are D=4, E=3, F=8. A) The critical path is D-E-F, duration 15. B) The critical path is D-F, duration 12. C) Slack at D is 3 periods. D) Slack at E is 3 periods. E) Both A and C are true.

A

the difference between AON and AOA networks is that

AOA networks sometimes require dummy activities nodes consume no resources or time in AOA networks both are acceptable in practice; however, microsoft project uses AON nodes designate activities in AON, while arrows designate activities in AOA

Which of the following statements regarding CPM is​ true?

All activities on the critical path have their LS equal to the maximum EF of all immediate predecessors.

10) A project organization that becomes permanent is often referred to as a: A) fixed project organization. B) matrix organization. C) normal organization. D) standard organization. E) permanent project organization.

B

3) Which of the following statements about Bechtel is true? A) Even though Bechtel is over 100 years old, the Kuwaiti oil fields was its first "project." B) Bechtel is the world's premier manager of massive construction and engineering projects. C) Bechtel's competitive advantage is supply chain management. D) While its projects are worldwide, its network of suppliers is largely in the United States E) All of the above are true.

B

5) A simple CPM network has five activities, A, B, C, D, and E. A is an immediate predecessor of C and of D. B is also an immediate predecessor of C and of D. C and D are both immediate predecessors of E. Which of the following statements is true? A) There are two paths in this network. B) There are four paths in this network. C) There are five paths in this network. D) There are 25 paths in this network. E) There are six paths in this network.

B

11) Activity R on a CPM network has predecessors M and N, and has successor S. R has duration 5. N's late finish is 18, while M's is 20. S's late start is 14. Which of the following is definitely true? A) R is critical and has zero slack. B) R has no slack but is not critical. C) The set of times cannot all be possible. D) N is a critical activity. E) S is a critical activity.

C

4) Which of the following statements regarding Gantt charts is true? A) Gantt charts give a timeline and precedence relationships for each activity of a project. B) Gantt charts use the four standard spines of Methods, Materials, Manpower, and Machinery. C) Gantt charts are visual devices that show the duration of activities in a project. D) Gantt charts are expensive. E) All of the above are true.

C

9) The project organization works best when which of the following conditions are satisfied? I. Work tasks can be defined with a specific goal and deadline. II. The job is typical and familiar to the existing organization. III. The work contains interrelated tasks requiring specialized skills. IV. The project is temporary but unimportant to long-term organizational success. V. The project cuts across organizational lines. A) I, II, III, IV, V B) None of the above conditions need to be satisfied. C) I, III, V D) I, II, III, V E) I, III, IV, V

C

Which of the following statements regarding​ time-cost tradeoffs in CPM networks is​ false?

Crashing sometimes has the reverse result of lengthening the project duration.

10) Which of the following statements regarding CPM networks is true? A) There can be multiple critical paths on the same project, all with different durations. B) The early finish of an activity is the latest early start of all preceding activities. C) The late start of an activity is its late finish plus its duration. D) If a specific project has multiple critical paths, all of them will have the same duration. E) None of the above are true.

D

11) WBS stands for which of the following project management tools? A) work break schedule B) work breakdown status C) work breakdown schedule D) work breakdown structure E) work break status

D

12) Which of the following statements concerning CPM activities is false? A) The early finish of an activity is the early start of that activity plus its duration. B) The late finish is the earliest of the late start times of all successor activities. C) The late start of an activity is its late finish less its duration. D) The late finish of an activity is the earliest late start of all preceding activities. E) The early start of an activity is the latest early finish of all preceding activities.

D

13) The critical path for the network activities shown below is ________ with duration ________. Activity Duration Immediate Predecessors A 4 --- B 2 A C 7 -- D 4 A E 5 B,C,D A) A-B-D; 10 B) A-B-E; 11 C) C-E; 12 D) A-D-E; 13 E) A-B-C-D-E; 22

D

5) Which of the following statements regarding critical paths is true? A) The shortest of all paths through the network is the critical path. B) Some activities on the critical path may have slack. C) Every network has only one critical path. D) On a specific project, there can be multiple critical paths, all with exactly the same duration. E) The duration of the critical path is the average duration of all paths in the project network.

D

6) Which of the following is NOT one of the phases of project management? A) planning B) scheduling C) controlling D) budgeting E) All of the above are project management phases.

D

6) Which of the following statements regarding CPM is true? A) The critical path is the shortest of all paths through the network. B) The critical path is that set of activities that has positive slack. C) Some networks have no critical path. D) All activities on the critical path have their LS equal to the maximum EF of all immediate predecessors. E) All activities on the critical path have their ES equal to their LF.

D

3) The main difference between PERT and CPM is that: A) PERT is more accurate than CPM. B) PERT assumes that activity durations are known. C) PERT ignores activity costs. D) CPM assumes activity durations can vary. E) PERT employs three time estimates for each activity.

E

9) Activity D on a CPM network has predecessors B and C, and has successor F. D has duration 6. B's earliest finish is 18, while C's is 20. F's late start is 26. Which of the following is definitely true? A) B is a critical activity. B) C is completed before B. C) D has no slack but is not critical. D) D is critical, and has zero slack. E) F is critical, and has zero slack.

D

1) The control of projects involves close monitoring of which of the following? A) resources B) costs C) quality D) budgets E) all of the above

E

14) The critical path for the network activities shown below is ________ with duration ________. Activity Duration Immediate Predecessors A 2 -- B 4 -- C 6 A,B D 1 A,B E 2 B,C,D A) A-D-E; 5 B) B-E; 6 C) B-D-E; 7 D) A-C-E; 10 E) B-C-E; 12

E

2) Which of the following statements regarding Bechtel is true? A) Its competitive advantage is project management. B) Bechtel was the construction contractor for the Hoover Dam. C) While helping to rebuild Iraq, Bechtel's crews had to travel under armed escort. D) Bechtel's procurement program is global in nature. E) All of the above are true.

E

4) The difference between AON and AOA networks is that: A) AOA networks sometimes require dummy activities. B) nodes consume no resources or time in AOA networks. C) both are acceptable in practice; however, Microsoft Project uses AON. D) nodes designate activities in AON, while arrows designate activities in AOA. E) All of the above are true.

E

4) Which of the following projects were completed by Bechtel? A) Hoover Dam B) Boston Central Artery/Tunnel C) Rebuilding Kuwait after Iraq's invasion in 1990 D) Rebuilding Iraq after the U.S. invasion, starting in 2003 E) All of the above were Bechtel projects

E

8) Ethical issues that may arise in projects large and small include: A) gifts from contractors. B) exaggerated expense reports. C) compromised quality standards to meet bonuses or avoid penalties related to schedules. D) pressure to mask delays with false status reports. E) all of the above.

E

Which of the following statements regarding critical paths is​ true?

On a specific​ project, there can be multiple critical​ paths, all with exactly the same duration.

The main difference between PERT and CPM is​ that:

PERT employs 3 time estimates for each activity

the main difference between PERT and CPM is that:

PERT employs three time estimates fro each activity

Which of the following statements concerning CPM activities is​ false?

The late finish of an activity is the earliest late start of all preceding activities.

1) Gantt charts give a timeline for each of a project's activities, but they do not adequately illustrate the interrelationships between the activities and the resources. True or False

True

1) One phase of a large project is scheduling. True or False

True

1) The ES of an activity that has only one predecessor is simply the EF of that predecessor. True or False

True

2) One responsibility of a project manager is to make sure that the project meets its quality goals. True or False

True

2) Slack is the amount of time an activity can be delayed without delaying the entire project. True or False

True

3) Every network has at least one critical path. True or False

True

4) Project managers have their own code of ethics, established by the Project Management Institute. True or False

True

5) Ethical issues that can arise in projects include gifts from contractors, pressure to mask delays with false status reports, and pressure to compromise project quality to meet bonuses or avoid penalties related to schedules. True or False

True

reasons to study OM include learning about:

how people organize themselves for productive enterprise how goods and services are produced what operations managers do a costly part of the enterprise

which of the following fosters specialization and worldwide supply chains

instant communication

the forecasting technique that pools the opinions of a group of experts or managers is known as:

jury of executive opinion

which of the following are the primary functions of all organizations?

marketing, production/operations, and finance/accounting

a project organization that becomes permanent is often referred to as a:

matrix organization

What is true about Gantt​ charts?

1. Gantt charts are​ low-cost means of helping managers make sure that activities are planned. 2. Gantt charts are planning charts used to schedule resources and allocate time. 3. Gantt charts also can be used for scheduling repetitive operations.

what is the forecast for May using a four-month moving average

44

12) Match the following steps in Microsoft's development of Windows 8 to their respective WBS level. Step Level Develop Windows 8 Operating System ? System Testing ? Compatible with Windows 7 ? Develop GUI's ? Module Testing ? A) Level 1, Level 2, Level 4, Level 3, Level 3 B) Level 1, Level 2, Level 3, Level 4, Level 5 C) Level 0, Level 1, Level 2, Level 3, Level 4 D) Level 0, Level 2, Level 2, Level 3, Level 3 E) Level 5, Level 3, Level 4, Level 1, Level 2

A

Which of the following is NOT true about Gantt​ charts?

Gantt charts adequately illustrate the interrelationships between the activities and the resources

which of the following tasks within an airline company are related to operations

crew scheduling

A network has been crashed to the point where all activities are critical. Additional​ crashing:

may require crashing multiple tasks simultaneously

A simple CPM network has five​ activities, A,​ B, C,​ D, and E. A is an immediate predecessor of C and of D. B is also an immediate predecessor of C and of D. C and D are both immediate predecessors of E. Which of the following statements is​ true?

There are four paths in this network

which of the following pioneers was not making a professional impact during the scientific management era

W. Edwards Deming

short-range forecasts tends to _________ longer-range forecasts

be more accurate than

a forecast with a time horizon of about three months to 3 years is typically called a:

medium range forecast

a project organization

often fails when the project cuts across organizational lines

Gantt charts are

planning charts used to schedule resources and allocate time

the phases of project management are:

planning, scheduling, and controlling

What are the phases of project​ management?

planning, scheduling, controlling

what is a global network of organizations and activities that supply a firm with goods and services

supply chain

a simple CPM networks has 5 activities, A, B, C, D, and E. A is an immediate predecessor of C and D. B is also and immediate predecessor of C and D. C and D are both predecessors of E. Which of the following statements are true?

there are four paths in this network

time-series data may exhibit which of the following behaviors

trend random variations seasonality cycles

a time-series model uses a series of past data points to make the forecast

true

all organizations, including service firms such as banks and hospitals, have a production function

true

an example of "hidden" production function is the transfer of funds between accounts at the bank

true

competition in the 21st century is no longer between companies; it is between supply chains

true

cycles of random variations are both components of times series

true

demand forecasts serve as inputs to financial, marketing, and personnel planning.

true

ethical issues that can arise in projects include gifts from contractors, pressure to mask delays with false status reports, and pressure to compromise project quality to meet bonuses or avoid penalties related to schedules

true

forecasts may be influenced by a products position in its life cycle.

true

most forecasting techniques assume that there is some underlying stability in the system

true

one responsibility of a project manager is to make sure that the project meets its quality goals

true

operations management is the set of activities that creates value in the form of goods and services by transforming inputs into outputs

true

the operations manager performs the management activities of planning, organizing, leader, and controlling of the OM function

true

the waterfall approach is used most often for:

well defined projects projects whose changes tend to be minor projects with step by step progress controlling projects

a project organization works best when which of the following conditions are satisfied

work tasks can be defined with a specific goal an deadline the work contains interrelated tasks requiring specialized skills the project cuts across organizational lines