Chapter 3 - Breathing Gas and the Effects on Your Body
In air at 1 bar, the partial pressure of nitrogen is _______, oxygen is _______. A - 0.79/0.21 bar B - 1.5/0.8 bar C - 0.21/0.79 bar D - 0.8/0.4 bar
A - 0.79/0.21 bar
Other symptoms of decompression sickness include: A - All answers are correct B - Itchy skin C - Paralysis and loss of manual dexterity D - Numbness
A - All answers are correct
Diving at altitude or flying after diving: A - Requires special diving computer functions, altitude tables and/or refraining from flying for at least 24 hours after the completion of a dive B - Allows the diver to spend a greater amount of time at depth without exceeding the no-decompression limits C - Allows the diver to ignore the no-decompression limits D - Does not require any special considerations for the diver
A - Requires special diving computer functions, altitude tables and/or refraining from flying for at least 24 hours after the completion of a dive
If a flexible air-filled container at 30 meters of sea water has a volume of 6 liters, what would be the volume if it were transported to the surface? A - 6 liters B - 24 liters C - 12 liters D - 18 liters
B - 24 liters
Decompression sickness occurs when: A - A diver stays at depth too long and surfaced too quickly B - All answers are correct C - Excess nitrogen bubbles out of solution into the blood and tissues D - The nitrogen tissue tolerance gradient is exceeded
B - All answers are correct
The major, and most common, symptom of decompression sickness is: A - A feeling of euphoria B - Joint pain C - Respiratory failure D - Puffiness in the neck and shoulder areas
B - Joint pain
Which of the following overexpansion injuries can be characterized by chest pain, breathing difficulties, weakness, and cyanosis (blueness) of the lips and nail beds: A - Rupture of Eardrum B - Mediastinal Emphysema and Pneumothorax C - Bends D - Subcutaneous Emphysema
B - Mediastinal Emphysema and Pneumothorax
The rate at which the body becomes saturated with nitrogen: A - Is always the same rate B - Will vary based on factors such as depth and blood supply to a particular are of the body C - Is slower at the beginning of the process and fast at the end of the process D - Is faster at the beginning of the process and slower at the end of the process
B - Will vary based on factors such as depth and blood supply to a particular area of the body
Overexpansion injuries can be prevented by: A - Never holding your breath while diving B - Learning the correct breathing patterns reinforced in classroom, pool, and open water training C - All answers are correct D - Dive with a properly maintained high-quality Total Diving System
C - All answers are correct
The proper first aid for Arterial Gas embolisim, Subcutaneous emphysema, Pneumothorax, and Mediastinal Emphysema is: A - Administer oxygen (if qualified) B - Watch Vital signs, treat for shock and stand by to administer cardio-pulmonary resuscitation (if qualified) C - All answers are correct D - Seek proper medical aid (a recompression chamber) as quickly as possible
C - All answers are correct
The transfer of oxygen and nitrogen into the bloodstream occurs through the walls of the: A - Arteries B - Blood vessels C - Alveoli D - Bronchiole trees
C - Alveoli
The most serious lung overexpansion injury is: A - Pneumothorax B - Mediastinal emphysema C - Arterial Gas Embolism D - Subcutaneous emphysema
C - Arterial Gas Embolism
The only accepted treatment for Arterial Gas Embolism is: A - All are accepted treatments B - Immediate recompression by taking the victim underwater to relieve the symptoms C - Stabilize victim in nearest medical facility and transport to decompression chamber for recompression D - Surgery to repair the ruptured lung
C - Stabilize victim in nearest medical facility and transport to decompression chamber for recompression
Dalton's Law can be paraphrased by: A - The total pressure of the water surrounding a diver B - The percentage of nitrogen that causes decompression sickness C - The total pressure of a mixture of gases equals the sum of the partial pressures D - The pressure of the water plus 1 bar
C - The total pressure of a mixture of gases equals the sum of the partial pressures
Haldanes theory that the human body can withstand a 2:1 pressure ratio was revised by D Workman to a nitrogen ratio of: A - 1 : 1 B - 5 : 1 C - 3 : 1 D - 1.58 : 1
D - 1.58 : 1
Gas can enter the bloodstream and cause serious damage to the lungs or even death by: A - Ascending too fast B - Holding your breath while diving C - Diving with respiratory congestion D - All answers are correct
D - All answers are correct
The best prevention for decompression sickness is to: A - Dive with a buddy that has a computer B - Never dive below 30 meters C - Never hold your breath D - Plan your dive and dive your plan
D - Plan your dive and dive your plan
Which of the following overexpansion injuries can be characterized by swelling in the neck area with a crackling sensation upon touching the swollen area? A - Arterial Gas Embolism B - Pneumothorax C - Mediastinal emphysema D - Subcutaneous emphysema
D - Subcutaneous emphysema
Which of the following would be inappropriate treatment for a diver evidencing symptoms of Decompression Sickness? A - Administering CPR B - Administering pure oxygen (if qualified) C - Treat for shock D - Taking the victim back underwater
D - Taking the victim back underwater
The term gradient can be described as: A - The total pressure of all gases B - Total tissue saturation C - As always zero when the diver is super-saturated D - The difference between the internal partial pressure and the external partial pressure of a gas
D - The difference between the internal partial pressure and the external partial pressure of a gas
