Chapter 3 Introduction to process technology

the purpose of OSHA is

(1) to remove known hazards from the workplace that could lead to serious injury or death, and (2) to ensure safe and healthful working conditions for American workers.

Safety rules and procedures

- Personal protective equipment - hazard communication - respiratory protection - permit system

Hazardous chemicals can enter the human body through

- inhalation - absorption - Ingestion - Injection

successful accident prevention depends on 3 basic elements

-safe working environment - safe work practice - effective leadership

1969

2.5 million disabling injuries and 14,000 deaths were directly linked to safety and health violations.

employee training

OSHA and EPA both believe that the key to preventing catastrophic emergencies inside industry is

Corrosive

a chemical that causes severe damage to human tissue

1970

a landmark piece of legislation was passed that made safety and health on the job in the chemical processing industry a matter of federal law.

General Safety Rules

are designed to protect human life, the environment, and physical equipment or facilities.

Permit Systems

are designed to protect workers from dangers involved in hazardous energy, hot work, opening blinding, confined space entry, and cold work.

Air-purifying respirators

are either half face or full face

Air- supplying respirators

are either self-contained breathing apparatus or hose-line respirators

Safety data sheet

is available for every chemical contains

Dose

is the amount of chemical entering or being administered to a subject

Toxicology

is the science that studies the noxious or harmful effects of chemicals on living substances.

Response

is the toxic effect the dose has on the subject

Carcinogen

known cancer-causing substance

Physical Hazard

name for a chemical that statistically falls into one of the following categories: combustible liquid, compressed gas, explosive or flammable, organic peroxide, oxidizer , pyrophoric, unstable, or water reactive.

Employees must

receive proper training in respiratory protection

Hazard Communication

standard is a central feature in the safe operation of the chemical processing industry.

1992

the occupational safety and health administration (OSHA) and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) jointly released a process safety management (PSM) standard.