Chapter 3 Study Guide

In the year ___ delegates met in the city of ____ to revise the Articles of Confederation.

1786, Annapolis, Maryland

How many times has the constitution been amended since 1789?

27 times

According to this plan, the national legislature would have ___ houses. One house based the number of delegates on states' ___ representation.

2; population

The ___ states that the people have other rights that are not listed in the Bill of Rights.

9th amendment

group that feared a powerful national government

Antifederalists

The Confederation Congress raised money by selling land it controlled west of the ___

Appalachian Mountains

In November 1777, the Continental Congress adopted the _____, a plan for a loose union of the states under the authority of the Congress.

Articles of Confederation

Why did the delegates at some state constitutional conventions feel a bill of rights was a necessary addition?

Because they wanted to protect their own rights and make sure they still get their freedom. Also this was going to be a huge change and didn't want another person to come and steal their freedom from them and change the constitution and to explain the rights that we deserve.

Supporters agreed to attach a ___ to ensure ratification of the Constitution.

Bill of Rights

Federal and state governments jointly hold these powers

Concurrent powers

Because Southern states wanted to count enslaved people in their population for the purposed of representation, the ___ Compromise was adopted. In it ___ enslaved persons would count as ___ free men.

Connecticut, 3, 1

rallied farmers in a rebellion against the central government

Daniel Shays

What were the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation?

Didn't enforce laws, impose taxes, regulate trade

Group of people who wanted the Constitution to be ratified

Federalists

Supporters of the constitution were called ___, while those opposing it were called ___.

Federalists, Anti-federalists

The delegates chose ___ to be the presiding officer.

George Washington

The major dispute with Spain involved the border between Spanish territory and the state of ___.

Georgia

The Connecticut Compromise, also known as the ___ solved the issue of ___ in the national legislature

Great Compromise, houses

drafted the Virginia Plan

James Madison

philosopher who believe that all people are born with the rights of life, liberty, and property

John Locke

This plan proposed the power of government be divided among ____, __, and ___ branches, and representation in the legislature be based upon ___.

Legislative, executive, judicial, two houses

The date chosen for the new Congress mandated under the Constitution was _____ .

March 4th, 1789

The ___ created a new territory north of the Ohio River and east of the Mississippi River.

Northwest Ordinance

How does the system of separation of powers and checks and balances create a strong national government while preventing one branch from becoming too powerful?

Power is separated so each branch has its own duty but each branch also has to make sure that the other branches don't get too powerful. This is a smart way to balance everything else out.

Events in Rhode Island showed that people could use the ____ to steal from the wealthy.

Power of the government

The final state to ratify the Constitution was ___ in the year of ___.

Rhode Island, 1790

Proposed the Great Compromise

Roger Sherman

_____ started when the government of ___ decided to raise taxes to pay off its debts instead of issuing paper money.

Shay's Rebellion; Massachusetts

When the population of a territory reached 60,000, the territory could apply to become a ___.

State

Arguments for ratification of the Constitution were summarized in an influential collection of essays called ____.

The Federalists

What caused the depression that started in 1784?

The government printing money without gold or silver to back it up

What occurrences led Americans to realize that a stronger national government was needed?

The trade and settling west. Also each state started to act independently which threatened the unity of the new nation.

Although two plans were proposed at the Constitutional Convention, the ____ Plan was accepted as the framework for debate.

Virginia

Supporters of the Constitution felt that the two states needed for ratification were ___ and ____.

Virginia and New York

Supporters of the Constitution wanted a strong ___ government that could regulate ___ and enforce __.

central, trade, taxes

prevents any branch of government from becoming too powerful

checks and balances

What powers were giving to the national government as declared by the constitution?

coin money, regulate interstate and foreign trade, and maintain the armed forces

The Confederation Congress had the right to ___, ___, and ___.

declare war, raise armies, and sign treaties.

What powers were given to the states as stated by the Constitution?

establish schools, set marriage, divorce laws

The ___ branch implements and enforces laws.

executive

After the war ended, British merchants flooded America with ____ driving many American artisans out of business.

inexpensive British goods.

Since paper money would not be backed up by gold and silver, ad people would not trust it, ___, a decline in the value of money, began

inflation

the __ branch interprets the laws and renders judgments

judicial

One of the problems between the British and Americans after the Treaty of Paris was that the British continued to occupy a string of ___ on american soil

land

The function of the legislative branches is to __

law making

What are the Anti-federalists?

people who opposed the Constitution

What is the delegated power?

powers belonging to the federal government

What is Reserved powers?

powers belonging to the state

What is concurrent powers?

powers shared by the state and federal government.

Opposition in Massachusetts centered on the protection of such rights as freedom of the ___ and the rights of ___

press, conscience

What powers do both the government and the states share?

raise taxes, borrow money, provide for public welfare

Tenth amendment guaranteed these powers

reserved powers

The new Constitution provided for a _____ among three branches of the federal government.

separation of powers

gives each branch of government the power restrain the powers of the other branches.

separation of powers

The Northwest Ordinance banned ___ in the new territory

slavery

Those opposed to the Constitution wanted __ government to be supreme

state

What are the Federalists?

supporters of the Constitution