Chapter 4 quiz/ Study guide ( Energy and Matter)

The gravitational force, exerted by the earth on an object is expressed as the objects? A) Mass B) Weight C) Specific gravity D) power

B) Weight

The lowest temperature possible is known as ______ A) Lowest zero B) No more zero C) Absolute zero D) Extreme zero

C) Absolute zero

The ____ is the amount of heat added or release to change the temperature of 1 lb of water to 1*F A) Enthalpy B) Latent heat content C) British Thermal Unit (BTU's) D) Specific heat capacity

C) British Thermal Unit =BTU's ( The BTU is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 lb of water 1*F

A Form of energy that results in the motion of atoms is known as________ A) Kinetic Energy B) Potential Energy C) Heat D) Enthalpy

C) Heat

To calculate specific enthalpy, you must divide a substance total enthalpy by its? A) Volume B) Weight C) Mass D) Temperature

C) Mass ( h= H/m,) (h= specific enthalpy =btu/lb or kJ/kg, H= enthalpy = Btu or kJ, m = Mass lbs or kg)

Energy that is stored is called ____ energy? A) Kinetic B) Frozen C) Potential D) Sensible

C) Potential

Calculating change in heat

Q= change in Heat m=mass C=Specific Heat Capacity (BTU/lb *F) T=change in temperature Delta Q= M x C x Delta T change in Q=m*C*change in T (heating a substance) change in Q=Hfus/vap/con*m (phase change)

US Customary Measurement System for Pounds (lbs)

Pounds lbs = Mass in the US Customary

Joule (J)

SI unit of work is called Joule. Joule is the amount of work done by a force of one newton through a distance of one meter.

If 2000 ft-lb of work is required to move an object 20 ft, how much force is applied to the object? A) 100 lbs B) 10 lbs C) 50 lbs D) 1000 lbs

A) 100 lbs (Force = mass x acceleration due to gravity m/s)

Power

the rate at which work is done. calculated by dividing the total amount of work performed by the time during which work was taking place. Power= work/Time

specific volume equation

1 lb/ft square = 16 kg/m square 1 kg/m square = 0.0625 lb/ft square

If a substance has a specific gravity greater than 1.0, it means that the substance is ______ A) Denser than water B) Less dense than water C) A gas, not a liquid D) Not affected by gravity

A) Denser than water

The US Customary unit of mechanical power is ? A) Horsepower B) British Thermal Unit (BTU) C) Joule D) Watt

A) HorsePower ( is equivalent to 550 foot-pounds of work per second ft-lb/s) ( 1HP = 550 ft-lb/s which is 746 watts)

Energy that is doing the work is called _____ energy A) Kinetic B) Frozen C) Potential D) Sensible

A) Kinetic

Heat applied to an object that does not change its temperature? A) Latent heat B) Sensible Heat C) Specific heat D) change in heat

A) Latent Heat ( Heat that brings about a change of state with no change in temperature)

Given two objects of the same size, the one this is___ will absorb more radiant heat. A) Reflective B) Darker C) Smaller D) Transparent

B) Darker

The term _____ is used to express the quantity of a substance, regardless of the force of gravity? A) Weight B) Mass C) Specific gravity D) Power

B) Mass ( Remember " it is express that the Quantity of Material)

A substances atom _____ when heat is applied to the substance? A) Move more slowly B) Move more rapidly C) Move into a crystalline formation D) Stop moving

B) Move more Rapidly ( As temperature of a substance increases, the atoms move more rapidly.)

To calculate work, you must multiply _____ by the distance through which it travels A) Power B) Enthalpy C) Mass D) Force

D) Force (Work= Force x Distance)

Which law states that energy cannot be created nor destroyed? A) Avogadro's law B) Law of return C) Murphy's law D) Law of conservation of Energy

D) Law of conservation of Energy

The _______ of a substance is the amount of heat added or released to change the temperature of 1-lb. of the substance by 1*F A) Enthalpy B) Latent heat content C) British Thermal Unit (BTU'S) D) Specific Heat Capacity

D) Specific Heat Capacity

Specific Enthalpy

Enthalpy per unit mass Formula: h = H/M

False During a state change, the temperature of the substance always change? True or False?

False

Copper conducts heat better than glass? True or False?

False ( Glasses conducts more heat than copper)

The sun heats the earth through conduction? True or False

False ( The earth receives heat from the sun by radiation)

Relative Density

Gases is defined as the ratio of the mass of a certain volume of a gas as compared to the mass of an equal volume of hydrogen. The mass of both gases are measured at 68F and 92.29 in Hg (mercury) pressure. (floating or sinking when compared to water)

Force (F)

Is energy applied to matter that, unless counteracted by opposing forces, causes a change in the matter's velocity. Unit of force is pound force ( F= mass(in kg) x Acceleration due to gravity (m/s2) )

Convention

Is the movement of heat from place to another by way of liquid or gas.

Specific Volume

Is the volume of a specific amount of gas under Standard Conditions (Standard Conditions are 68 F (20C) and 14.7 Pisa)

The SI ( Systeme International d ' Unites) for Distance

The SI for distance meter (m)

The SI ( Systeme International d ' Unites) for mass

The SI for mass is Gram (g)

US Customary Measurement System for distance is?

The US Customary measurement system include foot (ft) for distance.

Ton of Refrigeration

The cooling effect obtained when 1 ton of ice at 32 oF (0 C) melts to water at the same tmeperature in 24 hrs. (equivalent to 12,000 Btu/hr)

Conduction

The direct transfer of heat from one substance to another substance that it is touching.

Enthalpy

The heat content of a system at constant pressure (is the total amount of heat in a substance) Formula: H = M x C x Delta T

Matter

Think of it as building blocks of the universe. everything we touch is made up as matter. Matter exist in three states: Solid, Liquid and Gas.

horsepower

a unit of power equal to 746 watts

Density

is a substance Mass per unit volume. Refers to the amount of a substance within a given amount of space (Density is expressed as pound per cubic foot) =lb/ft^3

Energy

is the ability to effect change in matter. The ability or capacity to perform work.

specific gravity

ratio of the mass a certain volume of a liquid or a solid compared to the mass of an equal volume of water (Water is given a specific gravity of one)