Chapter 43 musculoskeletal trauma

The patient scheduled for a Syme amputation is concerned about the ability to eventually stand on the amputated extremity. How should the nurse best respond to the patient's concern

"You will eventually be able to withstand full weight-bearing after the amputation."

The nurse encourages the patient to turn from side to side and to assume a prone position, if possible, to stretch the flexor muscles and to prevent flexion contracture of the hip. Postoperative ROM exercises are started early, because contracture deformities develop rapidly. ROM exercises include hip and knee exercises for patients with BKAs. The nurse also discourages sitting for prolonged periods of time. 12. A nurse is preparing to discharge an emergency department patient who has been fitted with a sling to support her arm after a clavicle fracture. What should the nurse instruct the patient to do

A) Elevate the arm above the shoulder 3 to 4 times daily. B) Avoid moving the elbow, wrist, and fingers until bone remodeling is complete. C) Engage in active range of motion using the affected arm. D) Use the arm for light activities within the range of motion. Ans: D

Opioid analgesics may be effective in relieving phantom pain. Heat, immobility, and elevation are not noted to relieve this form of pain. 11. A nurse is caring for a patient who had a right below-the-knee amputation (BKA). The nurse recognizes the importance of implementing measures that focus on preventing flexion contracture of the hip and maintaining proper positioning. Which of the following measures will best achieve these goals

A) Encouraging the patient to turn from side to side and to assume a prone position B) Initiating ROM exercises of the hip and knee 10 to 12 weeks after the amputation C) Minimizing movement of the flexor muscles of the hip D) Encouraging the patient to sit in a chair for at least 8 hours a day Ans: A

nurse in a busy emergency department provides care for many patients who present with contusions, strains, or sprains. Treatment modalities that are common to all of these musculoskeletal injuries include

Applying ice,Compression dressings, Resting the affected extremity Elevating the injured limb

patient has presented to the emergency department with an injury to the wrist. The patient is diagnosed with a third-degree strain. Why would the physician order an x-ray of the wrist

Avulsion fractures are associated with third-degree strains.

patient with a simple arm fracture is receiving discharge education from the nurse. What would the nurse instruct the patient to do

Engage in exercises that strengthen the unaffected muscles.

Radiographs of a boy's upper arm show that the humerus appears to be fractured on one side and slightly bent on the other. This diagnostic result suggests what

Greenstick are an incomplete fracture that results in the bone being broken on one side, while the other side is bent.

The orthopedic nurse should assess for signs and symptoms of Volkmann's contracture if a patient has fractured which of the following bones

Humerus

A nurse is caring for a patient who has suffered an unstable thoracolumbar fracture. Which of the following is the priority during nursing care

Maintaining spinal alignment

patient has sustained a long bone fracture and the nurse is preparing the patient's care plan. Which of the following should the nurse include in the care plan

Monitor temperature and pulses of the affected extremity.

A patient who has undergone a lower limb amputation is preparing to be discharged home. What outcome is necessary prior to discharge

Patient can demonstrate safe use of assistive devices.

Which of the following is the most appropriate nursing intervention to facilitate healing in a patient who has suffered a hip fracture

Place a pillow between the patient's legs when turning.

A patient who has had an amputation is being cared for by a multidisciplinary rehabilitation team. What is the primary goal of this multidisciplinary team

Promote the patient's highest possible level of function

Avulsion fractures

Small fracture near a joint that usually has a ligament or tendon attached

nurse admits a patient who has a fracture of the nose that has resulted in a skin tear and involvement of the mucous membranes of the nasal passages.

The orthopedic nurse is aware that this description likely indicates which type of fracture Compound

A school nurse is assessing a student who was kicked in the shin during a soccer game. The area of the injury has become swollen and discolored.

The triage nurse recognizes that the patient has likely sustained what Contusion

A patient has come to the orthopedic clinic for a follow-up appointment 6 weeks after fracturing his ankle. Diagnostic imaging reveals that bone union is not taking place.

What factor may have contributed to this complication Inadequate immobilization

and producing large amounts of thick, white sputum. The nurse recognizes that this is a medical emergency

and calls for assistance, recognizing that this patient is likely demonstrating symptoms of what complicationFat embolism syndrome

An older adult patient experienced a fall and required treatment for a fractured hip on the orthopedic unit. Which of the following are contributory factors to the incidence of falls

and fractured hips among the older adult population Loss of visual acuity, Adverse medication effects, Slowed reflexes Muscle weakness

.A rehabilitation nurse is working with a patient who has had a below-the-knee amputation. The nurse knows the importance of the patient's active participation in self-

care. In order to determine the patient's ability to be an active participant in self-care, the nurse should prioritize assessment of what variable The patient's attitude

A young patient is being treated for a femoral fracture suffered in a snowboarding accident. The nurse's most recent assessment reveals that the patient is uncharacteristically

confused. What diagnostic test should be performed on this patient Arterial blood gases

nurse is preparing to discharge a patient from the emergency department after receiving treatment for an ankle sprain. While providing

discharge education, the nurse should encourage which of the following Keep an elastic compression bandage on the ankle.

A nurse is planning the care of an older adult patient who will soon be discharged home after treatment for a fractured hip. In an effort to prevent future fractures, the nurse should

encourage which of the following Regular bone density testing, A high-calcium diet,Use of falls prevention precautions Weight-bearing exercise

nurse is caring for a patient who has suffered a hip fracture and who will require an extended hospital stay. The nurse should ensure that the patient does which of the

following in order to prevent common complications associated with a hip fracture Increase fluid intake and perform prescribed foot exercises.to prevent DVT

A 20 year-old is brought in by ambulance to the emergency department after being involved in a motorcycle accident. The patient has an open fracture of his tibia. The wound is

highly contaminated and there is extensive soft-tissue damage. How would this patient's fracture likely be graded Grade III

A patient is brought to the emergency department by ambulance after stepping in a hole and falling. While assessing him the nurse notes that his right leg is shorter than

his left leg; his right hip is noticeably deformed and he is in acute pain. Imaging does not reveal a fracture the following is the most plausible explanation for this patient's signs and symptoms Traumatic hip dislocation

A patient is being treated for a fractured hip and the nurse is aware of the need to implement interventions to prevent muscle wasting and other complications of

immobility. What intervention best addresses the patient's need for exercise Encouraging frequent use of the overbed trapeze

25-year-old man is involved in a motorcycle accident and injures his arm. The physician diagnoses the man with an intra-articular fracture and splints the injury. The nurse

implements the teaching plan developed for this patient. What sequela of intra-articular fractures should the nurse describe regarding this patient Post-traumatic arthritis

nurse is performing a shift assessment on an elderly patient who is recovering after surgery for a hip fracture. The nurse notes that the patient is complaining of chest pain, has an

increased heart rate, and increased respiratory rate. The nurse further notes that the patient is febrile and hypoxic, coughing,

Acute compartment syndrome involves a sudden and severe decrease in blood flow to the tissues distal to an area of injury that results in ischemic necrosis if prompt, decisive

intervention does not occur. Removing or bivalving the cast is necessary to relieve pressure.

. An emergency department nurse is assessing a 17-year-old soccer player who presented with a knee injury. The patient's description of the injury indicates that his knee was struck

medially while his foot was on the ground. The nurse knows that the patient likely has experienced what injury Lateral collateral ligament injury

older adult patient has fallen in her home and is brought to the emergency department by ambulance with a suspected fractured hip. X-rays confirm a fracture of the left femoral

neck. When planning assessments during the patient's presurgical care, the nurse should be aware of the patient's heightened risk of what complication Avascular necrosis

An elite high school football player has been diagnosed with a shoulder dislocation. The patient has been treated and is eager to resume his role on his team, stating that he is

not experiencing pain. What should the nurse emphasize during health education The importance of adhering to the prescribed treatment and rehabilitation regimen

surgical nurse is admitting a patient from postanesthetic recovery following the patient's below-the-knee amputation. The nurse recognizes the patient's high risk for

postoperative hemorrhage and should keep which of the following at the bedside A tourniquet

A patient was fitted with an arm cast after fracturing her humerus. Twelve hours after the application of the cast, the patient tells the nurse that her arm hurts. Analgesics do not

relieve the pain. What would be the most appropriate nursing action Prepare the patient for opening or bivalving of the cast.

Syme amputation

removal of part of the foot.

Six weeks after an above-the-knee amputation (AKA), a patient returns to the outpatient office for a routine postoperative checkup. During the nurse's assessment, the patient

reports symptoms of phantom pain. What should the nurse tell the patient to do to reduce the discomfort of the phantom pain Take opioid analgesics as ordered.

nurse's assessment of a patient's knee reveals edema, tenderness, muscle spasms, and ecchymosis. The patient states that 2 days ago he ran 10 miles and now it "really hurts to

stand up." The nurse should plan care based on the belief that the patient has experienced what A second-degree strain

The nurse is providing care for a patient who has had a below-the-knee amputation. The nurse enters the patient's room and finds him resting in bed with his residual limb

supported on pillow. What is the nurse's most appropriate action Explain the risks of flexion contracture to the patient.

A patient is admitted to the orthopedic unit with a fractured femur after a motorcycle accident. The patient has been placed in traction until his femur can be rodded in

surgery. For what early complications should the nurse monitor this patient Deep vein thrombosis,Compartment syndrome, Fat embolism

An emergency department patient is diagnosed with a hip dislocation. The patient's family is relieved that the patient has not suffered a hip fracture, but the nurse explains

that this is still considered to be a medical emergency. the rationale for the nurse's statement Avascular necrosis may develop at the site of the dislocation if it is not promptly resolved.

A nurse is planning the care of a patient with osteomyelitis that resulted from a diabetic foot ulcer. The patient requires a transmetatarsal amputation. When planning

the patient's postoperative care, which of the following nursing diagnoses should the nurse most likely include in the plan of care Disturbed Body Image

patient has returned to the postsurgical unit from the PACU after an above-the-knee amputation of the right leg. Results of the nurse's initial postsurgical assessment were

unremarkable but the patient has called out. nurse enters the room and observes copious quantities of blood at the surgical site. What should be the nurse's action Apply a tourniquet.

nurse is writing a care plan for a patient admitted to the emergency department (ED) with an open fracture. The nurse will assign priority to what nursing diagnosis for a patient with an open fracture of the radius

with an open fracture of the radius Risk for Infection