Chapter 5: Cells: The Working Units of Life

Which of the following processes is not carried out by the smooth endoplasmic reticulum? A: Protein synthesis B: Steroid biosynthesis C: Modification of proteins D: Chemical modification of foreign molecules, including drugs E: Lipid biosynthesis

A: Protein synthesis

Cilia and eukaryotic flagella: A: have a motor protein that uses chemical energy to power movement. B: propel cells by rotation of the structures. C: contain microtubules that are sufficient to drive movement. D: contain microfilaments. E: contain centrioles.

A: have a motor protein that uses chemical energy to power movement.

The endomembrane system includes all of the following except: A: mitochondria. B: the endoplasmic reticulum. C: the plasma membrane. D: Golgi apparatus. E: vesicles.

A: mitochondria.

How many living cells are present, on average, in each of us? A: 10e10 - 10e11 cells B: 10e13 - 10e14 cells C: > 10e14 cells

B: 10e13 - 10e14 cells C: > 10e14 cells

Which of the following organelles is involved in energy gathering? A: Lysosomes B: Chloroplasts C: Vacuoles D: Peroxisomes E: Nuclei

B: Chloroplasts

Which of the following is not a function of the plasma membrane of eukaryotes? A: Homeostasis B: Creating energy C: Adhering to other cells D: Selective uptake E: Receiving signals from other cells

B: Creating energy

Which of the following about the nucleus in animal cells is false? A: DNA in the nucleus combines with proteins. B: It is the site of protein synthesis. C: The nucleolus is located in the nucleus. D: DNA replication takes place in the nucleus. E: It occupies the largest volume of the cell.

B: It is the site of protein synthesis.

Which of the following organelles is thought to have arisen from an endosymbiotic relationship with a prokaryote? A: Nuclei B: Mitochondria C: Golgi apparatus D: Lysosomes E: Peroxisomes

B: Mitochondria

Which of the following is a fundamental difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells? A: Prokaryotic cells are larger than eukaryotic cells. B: Prokaryotic cells lack internal membrane-bound organelles that are characteristic of eukaryotic cells. C: Prokaryotic cells possess a cell wall instead of a plasma membrane. D: Both B and C E: All of the above.

B: Prokaryotic cells lack internal membrane-bound organelles that are characteristic of eukaryotic cells.

Lysosomes: A: are derived from the nucleus. B: have a lower internal pH than the cytoplasm. C: are derived from the plasma membrane. D: contain enzymes that synthesize proteins. E: are derived from the endoplasmic reticulum.

B: have a lower internal pH than the cytoplasm.

Which of the following structures is involved with the movement of organelles within a cell? A: Golgi apparatus B: Intermediate filaments C: Microtubules D: Mitochondrion E: Endoplasmic reticulum

C: Microtubules

Plant cells do not have lysosomes. Which of the following structures likely fulfills the function of lysosomes in a plant cell? A: Smooth endoplasmic reticulum B: Chloroplast C: Vacuole D: Peroxisome E: Golgi apparatus

C: Vacuole

Nucleic acids are found in: A: the nucleus. B: mitochondria. C: ribosomes. D: prokaryotic cells. E: All of the above

E: All of the above

The extracellular matrix of animal cells A: holds cells together. B: contains collagen. C: contains proteoglycans. D: is involved in chemical signaling between cells. E: All of the above

E: All of the above

Which of the following structures are found in both plant and animal cells? A: Cell Walls B: Cytoskeleton C: Mitochondria D: Lysosomes E: B and C F: A and C G: None of the above are found in both.

E: B and C

Prokaryotes: A: have a nucleus. B: have a cell wall similar in composition to that of plant cells. C: are typically larger than eukaryotic cells. D: do not have ribosomes. E: are surrounded by a plasma membrane.

E: are surrounded by a plasma membrane.

Some proteins that are on the surface of mammalian cells contain carbohydrates. These proteins are synthesized by _______ and the sugars are added in the _______. A: cytoplasmic ribosomes; plasma membrane B: the Golgi apparatus; rough endoplasmic reticulum C: cytoplasmic ribosomes; smooth endoplasmic reticulum D: mitochondrial ribosomes; smooth endoplasmic reticulum E: the rough endoplasmic reticulum; Golgi apparatus

E: the rough endoplasmic reticulum; Golgi apparatus

Which of the following is present in ALL prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells? A: Cytoskeleton B: Genome of DNA C: Ribosomes D: Plasma membrane E: Internal membrane-bound organelles F: B and D G: B, C and D H: A, B, C and D

G: B, C and D

Which structure is not surrounded by one or more membranes? a. Ribosome b. Chloroplast c. Mitochondrion d. Peroxisome e. Vacuole

a. Ribosome

If all the lysosomes within a cell suddenly ruptured, what would be the most likely result? a. The macromolecules in the cytosol would break down. b. More proteins would be made. c. The DNA in mitochondria would break down. d. The mitochondria and chloroplasts would divide. e. There would be no change in cell function.

a. The macromolecules in the cytosol would break down.

Which structure is generally present in both prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic plant cells? a. Chloroplasts b. Cell wall c. Nucleus d. Mitochondria e. Microtubules

b. Cell wall

Microfilaments a. are composed of polysaccharides. b. are composed of actin. c. allow cilia and flagella to move. d. make up the spindle that aids the movement of chromosomes. e. maintain the position of the chloroplast in the cell.

b. are composed of actin.

The cytoskeleton consists of a. cilia, flagella, and microfilaments. b. cilia, microtubules, and microfilaments. c. internal cell walls. d. microtubules, intermediate filaments, and microfilaments. e. calcified microtubules.

d. microtubules, intermediate filaments, and microfilaments.

The major factor limiting cell size is the a. concentration of water in the cytoplasm. b. need for energy. c. presence of membrane-enclosed organelles. d. ratio of surface area to volume. e. composition of the plasma membrane.

d. ratio of surface area to volume.

Which statement about plastids is true? a. They are found in prokaryotes. b. They are surrounded by a single membrane. c. They are the sites of cellular respiration. d. They are found only in fungi. e. They may contain various pigments or polysaccharides.

e. They may contain various pigments or polysaccharides.