Chapter 5 Quiz

If a sociologist measured group cohesion within a neighborhood and found a high level of group cohesion, which response would you LEAST expect to find on the survey?

"I feel comfortable in all sorts of neighborhoods."

What is the danger of too much group cohesion?

It can lead to groupthink, in which dissenting opinions are strongly discouraged.

The definition of what constitutes a group is being transformed as a result of new technology and the Digital Age. Which of the following is evidence of this?

Reddit subgroups

A man arrested for driving under the influence must attend Alcoholics Anonymous meetings in accordance with a court order. He attends the meetings so as to avoid a jail sentence and a hefty fine, but not because he wants to. What do sociologists call this kind of conformity?

compliance

A high school decides that its band needs to wear uniforms. To be more efficient, the school only buys uniforms in three sizes and forces each student to pick the size that comes closest to fitting. What does this exemplify?

rationalization

Secondary groups cannot be geographically dispersed. T/F

False

There are many members of social groups who are not influenced by peer pressure. T/F

False

Which of the following is a quality of charismatic leaders?

They possess extraordinary personal qualities.

In terms of job leads and social networks, how are men's networks different from women's?

Women are less likely to hear about quality job openings if their social networks are composed of more women than men.

Which of the following would be considered a group in the sociological sense?

a high school chess club

What is the strongest type of conformity that can occur as a result of social influence or peer pressure?

internalization

A student at a university explains that he doesn't want to join a fraternity because he believes they create negative in-group and out-group dynamics. What perspective best describes his views?

conflict theory

Only 25 percent of subjects in the Asch experiment were "independents" who refused to

give the wrong answer.

The sense of solidarity or team spirit that an individual feels toward his or her group is called

group cohesion.

What are group members engaging in when they withhold their reservations and criticisms for the sake of consensus?

groupthink

What sort of group dynamic may have led officials at NASA to ignore warnings and launch the space shuttle Challenger, which exploded shortly after takeoff?

groupthink

University leaders ignore rumors and complaints about the football coach sexually abusing students in order to uphold the reputation of the university's award-winning football program. This action to preserve public image over protecting the safety of students is a result of

groupthink.

The new graduate students in a university program often gather after class for beer and pizza. What is it an example of if one new graduate student doesn't like beer or pizza but accompanies the group anyway because he wants to make friends?

identification

A nightclub has several types of employees, each with a specialized task. Bartenders make drinks, bouncers check identification, bussers clear away used glasses, and so on. Unlike the other employees, bouncers can get their friends in for free. In many ways, the club is a bureaucracy, but there is at least one significant element of bureaucratic organization missing. What is it?

impersonality

What do we call groups that are used as standards to evaluate ourselves—either positively, in terms of the qualities we aspire to achieve, or negatively, in terms of the qualities we wish to avoid?

reference groups