Chapter 5.3 Textbook Quiz

Which of the following statements best describes trichromatic theory and opponent-process theory? Both theories are equally accurate, but they apply to different levels of the nervous system. Research has not supported either theory. The opponent-process theory is more accurate than the trichromatic theory. The trichromatic theory is more accurate than the opponent-process theory.

Both theories are equally accurate, but they apply to different levels of the nervous system.

Which of the following statements about deaf culture is false? Deaf individuals believe children should receive a cochlear implant as soon as possible after birth. Deaf individuals communicate using American Sign Language. Deaf individuals prefer to teach children to communicate in American Sign Language rather than teaching children to read lips. Deaf individuals primarily communicate through signing.

Deaf individuals believe children should receive a cochlear implant as soon as possible after birth.

Why are olfaction and gustation called chemical senses? Neither one has sensory receptors that respond to molecules in the food we eat or in the air we breathe. They are unrelated to biological senses. They have sensory receptors that respond to molecules in the food we eat or in the air we breathe. We cannot use these senses without the presence of specific chemicals in the body.

They have sensory receptors that respond to molecules in the food we eat or in the air we breathe.

What has research by Goolkasian & Woodbury (2010) demonstrated about pattern perception? Subliminal priming is more effective than priming above the absolute threshold. Those who are given verbal priming produce a biased interpretation of complex ambiguous figures. Those who have a preexisting phobia will interpret innocuous patterns as threatening. Those who receive less auditory priming are more likely to hear things than those who receive more auditory priming.

Those who are given verbal priming produce a biased interpretation of complex ambiguous figures.

Ravon was born deaf, so he is diagnosed with ________ deafness. conductive congenital postnatal prenatal

congenital

Ronaldo was born without the ability to experience pain, though he can perceive temperature differences and changes in pressure. What is his condition called? congenital analgesia inherited numbness nociception Pacinian Syndrome

congenital analgesia

What was the original focus of Swets' (1964) signal detection theory? detecting brain tumors improving the accuracy of military codebreakers improving the sensitivity of air traffic controllers to plane blips increasing typing speed for telephone operators

improving the sensitivity of air traffic controllers to plane blips

Individuals suffering from congenital analgesia have a shorter life span due to ________. their brain's inability to process pain medicine their high suicide rate their inability to tolerate the slightest change in pressure or temperature their injuries and secondary infections of injured sites

their injuries and secondary infections of injured sites

In addition to sweet, salty, sour, and bitter, what other taste groupings do we possess? meat and vegetable monosodium and glutamate umami and fat content umami and monosodium glutamate

umami and fat content

What has research shown about processing subliminal messages? In laboratory settings, people can process and respond to information outside of their awareness. In laboratory settings, people do not perceive information outside of their awareness. In real life, people obey subliminal messages like zombies. Outside of laboratory settings, people have a lower absolute threshold.

In laboratory settings, people can process and respond to information outside of their awareness.

How does a cochlear implant enable the deaf to hear? It receives incoming sound information and bypasses the auditory nerve to transmit information to the brain through the optic nerve. It receives incoming sound information and directly stimulates the auditory nerve to transmit information to the brain. It receives incoming sound information and directly stimulates the basilar membrane to transmit information to the brain. It receives incoming sound information and indirectly stimulates the auditory nerve to transmit information to the brain.

It receives incoming sound information and directly stimulates the auditory nerve to transmit information to the brain.

How does the term Gestalt relate to the psychological study of perception? Gestalt psychology was popular in the 20th century, but it has been replaced by psycholinguistics. Perception involves more than simply combining sensory stimuli; therefore, perception is studied as Gestalt. Perception is a Gestalt branch of psychology, meaning the brain is studied apart from the body. Sensation requires the use of Gestalt psychology; perception requires the use of gerund psychology.

Perception involves more than simply combining sensory stimuli; therefore, perception is studied as Gestalt.

Several studies have suggested that non-Black participants identify weapons faster and are more likely to identify non-weapons as weapons when the image of the weapon is paired with the image of a Black person. What does this imply about perception? Perceptions are influenced by our ethnic background. Perceptions in laboratory settings are inaccurate. Perceptions of weapons are influenced by our race. Perceptions our influenced by implicit prejudice and stereotypes.

Perceptions our influenced by implicit prejudice and stereotypes.

What should be changed to make the following sentence true? "The central tenet of Gestalt psychology is that the pattern is different from the sum of its parts." The word "central" should be changed to the word "primary." The word "pattern" should be changed to the word "whole." The word "sum" should be changed to the word "components." The word "tenet" should be changed to the word "claim."

The word "pattern" should be changed to the word "whole."

Which of the following is false about sensation? Sensation refers to the way sensory information is organized, interpreted, and consciously experienced. We have a sensory system that provides information about balance, called the vestibular sense. We have more than five senses. When sensory information is detected by a sensory receptor, sensation has occurred.

Sensation refers to the way sensory information is organized, interpreted, and consciously experienced.

Which of the following was demonstrated by the 1998 research of Ayabe-Kanamura, Saito, Distel, Martínez-Gómez, & Hudson? Children described as thrill seekers are more likely to show taste preferences for intense sour flavors. Individuals who hold positive attitudes toward reduced-fat foods are more likely to rate foods labeled as reduced fat as tasting good. The ability to identify an odor, and rate its pleasantness and its intensity, varies cross-culturally. Vision is affected by cultural factors.

The ability to identify an odor, and rate its pleasantness and its intensity, varies cross-culturally.

Which of the following statements about the vestibular sense is false? Kinesthesia interacts with information provided by the vestibular system. Proprioception interacts with information provided by the vestibular system. The vestibular sense helps us maintain a sense of balance. The vestibular sense is divided into olfaction, gustation, and audition.

The vestibular sense is divided into olfaction, gustation, and audition.

What should be changed to make the following sentence true? "Neuropathic pain is pain from damage to neurons of either the brain or central nervous system." The word "brain" should be changed to the word "peripheral." The word "central" should be changed to the word "middle." The word "neurons" should be changed to the word "protons." The word "neuropathic" should be changed to the word "neurosympathetic."

The word "brain" should be changed to the word "peripheral."

What should be changed to make the following sentence true? "Pain that signals some type of tissue damage is known as neuropathic pain." The word "damage" should be changed to the word "destruction." The word "neuropathic" should be changed to the word "congenital." The word "neuropathic" should be changed to the word "inflammatory." The word "tissue" should be changed to the word "biological."

The word "neuropathic" should be changed to the word "inflammatory."

Read the following two sentences. (1) Gre eng rass gr ow son themoun tain. (2) Green grass grows on the mountain. How does the principle of proximity explain why the second sentence makes sense immediately, but the first sentence does not? The first sentence is encoded, and the second sentence is decoded. We group letters of a given word together because there are no spaces between the letters, and we perceive words because there are spaces between each word. We learn the first sentence subliminally which lets us translate the meaning of the second sentence quicker. We read the first sentence as practice and the second sentence as real.

We group letters of a given word together because there are no spaces between the letters, and we perceive words because there are spaces between each word.