Chapter 6

Why did the upper south contain many free blacks?

Free blacks in the upper south were recruited by whites to process the massive cotton

Where was rice cultivation Important?

In the low country of South Carolina and Georgia

What was a primarily advantage of being a skilled slave

It was possible for skilled salves to experience a taste of independence through the use of their skills.

African Americans were generally immune to what health problem that did affect Europeans

Malaria

Which of following statements is true of slave marriages on plantations?

Masters allowed pairings among male and female slaves

Why was it difficult to use advanced technology on cotton crops?

Masters wanted to keep their slaves busy so they avoided the use of any time-saving equipment

What city served as a major slave market for slaves moving through the southwest?

New Orleans

What's was hemp used for

Rope and bagging for cotton bales

Which historian argued in the 1910s that slavery was a generally benign institution where slaveholders cared for happy slaves

Ulrich B. PHillips

Which state had the largest slave population during the period 1820-1860

Virginia

Where was tobacco cultivation most important

Virginia, Maryland, and North Carolina

As cotton expanded as a cash crop, the slave trade __________.

expanded south and west, with owners selling slaves to new cotton areas

Slaves' diets in the period between 1820 and 1860 were __________.

poor by today's standards

Which crop employed the largest number of slaves on a single plantation?

rice

Which slave group had the highest status on the plantation?

skilled slaves

How did white white masters apply the teachings of Christianity to their slaves

White masters to their slaves that blacks were to obey their masters just as they were to obey god

What percentage of slaves from the upper south moved involuntarily toward the south west as the cotton trade opened up?

50 percent

In the nineteenth century, what percentage of slaves worked primarily as field hands?

75 percent

Which of the following is true about slave ownership in the old south?

A small percentage of African Americans owned slaves

What cultural traditions did slaves incorporate into their Christian religious practices

African Traditions

Which new states led the production of cotton, in what was called the "Black Belt"?

Alabama and Mississippi

Which states experienced the highest growth rate in cotton production

Alabama and Mississippi

What does the pie chart in map 6-3 reveal about the distribution of slave labor in the south in 1850?

All slave labor was centered in the cotton sector

How does the history of cotton cultivation help explain southern black residency patterns in 1850?

As cotton cultivation spandex to the Deep South most of the laborers became African American

What reason did whites use to justify the sexual exploitation of black women

Black women were responsible, because they seduced the white men.

What is the relationship between automatic reaper and the slaves depicted in the lithograph

Blacks appear eager and excited to use the machine

How is the painting of a plantation burial symbolic of a particular viewpoint or characterization of slavery

Blacks appear to outsmart local white as they manipulate the system to their vantage

Why did African Americans own slaves?

Blacks owned slaves to protect families from sale

What is the connection between slaves and Christianity in the painting of a plantation

Christianity is a vital and meaningful part of slave culture on plantations

Why did cotton farmers use so many slaves

Cotton planting and culture was spread over an extensive area.

How was life different for slaves in the city than on the plantation

Skilled urban slaves could purchase their freedom more easily.

Which of the following statements best characterizes slave childhood?

Slave childhood was minimal and kids were doing adult work beginning between the ages of 8 and 12

What was unique about black slave population of the u.s compared to other slave populations in the new world?

Slaves in the u.s were the only slave population to grow by natural reproduction

Which of the following statements is true about punishment for slaves?

Southern whites thought that blacks would not work work unless they had the threat of physical punishment

Slave clothing was generally __________.

Sparse, as they generally received clothing from master only twice a year

Which crop pushed owners to work their slaves under very difficult time and weather conditions?

Sugarcane

How does the history of the domestic slave trade help explain southern black residency patterns in 1850?

The domestic slave trade transferred slaves from the upper south to the Deep South

What region was cotton cultivation most densely concentrated by 1860?

The lower Mississippi River

How are the scars on the man's back connected to slavery?

The scars reveal a history of whipping by Slavs masters

In comparing the slave populations for the northern and southern states in 1820 and 1860 respectively, what conclusion surfaces from the data?

The southern states had larger slave population than the northern states in 1820 and in 1860

Why did slaves prefer industrial labor to plantation work?

They had more authority on the Job.

What was the importance of the folktales whose heroes are animal tricksters

They taught that sometimes the weaker but clever character wins

Which crop replaced tobacco as the main cash crop of Virginia and Maryland?

Wheat

What crop did most agricultural slaves tend?

cotton

Which slave-dependent crop was by far the most important to the country as a whole?

cotton