Chapter 6 review
Select the three terms for the data elements associated with an entity.
- Columns - Attributes - Fields
Select the four functions that a database management system can perform on data in a database.
- Delete data - Update data - Read data - Create data
Select the three advantages of a data-driven website.
- Easy to eliminate human errors - Easy to manage content - Easy to store large amounts of data
Which of the following reflect the business advantages of a relational database?
- Increased information security - Increased information integrity - Reduced information redundancy
Select the four primary traits of the value of information.
- Information governance - Information quality - Information timeliness - Information type
Select three examples of analytical information.
- Market projections - Future growth projections - Sales trends
Select the four primary reasons low-quality information occurs in a system.
- Third-party and external information contains inconsistencies and errors. - Data-entry personnel enter abbreviated information to save time. - Online customers intentionally enter inaccurate information to protect their privacy. - Different systems have different information entry standards and formats.
Select all the activities for which transactional information is created.
- Withdrawing cash from an ATM - Making airline reservations - Purchasing stocks
Which of the following maintains information about various types of objects (inventory), events (transactions), people (employees), and places (warehouses)?
A database
__________ information encompasses all organizational information, and its primary purpose is to support the performance of managerial analysis or semistructured decisions.
Analytical
__________ critical integrity constraints enforce business rules vital to an organization's success and often require more insight and knowledge than relational integrity constraints.
Business
What defines how a company performs certain aspects of its business and typically results in either a yes/no or true/false answer?
Business rule
Who is the person responsible for creating the original website content?
Content creator
Who is the person responsible for updating and maintaining website content?
Content editor
What is the smallest or basic unit of information?
Data element
Select a term that is a synonym for data element, the smallest or basic unit of information in a database.
Data field
What refers to the overall management of the availability, usability, integrity, and security of company data?
Data governance
What occurs when a system produces incorrect, inconsistent, or duplicate data?
Data integrity issues
What are logical data structures that detail the relationships among data elements using graphics or pictures?
Data models
What is an interactive website that uses a database to constantly update in order to remain relevant to the needs of its customers?
Data-driven website
What creates, reads, updates, and deletes data in a database while controlling access and security?
Database management system
Information granularities
Detail, summary, aggregate
Information formats
Documents, presentations, spreadsheets, database
What is an area of a website that stores information about products in a database?
Dynamic catalog
What includes data that change based on user actions?
Dynamic information
What is stored in a dynamic catalog, or an area of a website that stores information about products in a database?
Dynamic website information
Select the statement that accurately defines the relationship between entities and attributes in a relational database.
Each attribute of an entity occupies a separate column of a table.
Transactional information
Encompasses all of the information contained within a single business process or unit of work, and its primary purpose is to support daily operational tasks.
Analytical information
Encompasses all organizational information, and its primary purpose is to support the performing of managerial analysis tasks.
Select the term that refer to storing information about a person, place, thing, transaction, or event.
Entity
True or false: Information in an organization exists only a few departments, such as sales and marketing.
False
What is a primary key of one table that appears as an attribute in another table and acts to provide a logical relationship between the two tables?
Foreign key
What takes information entered into a given system and sends it automatically to all downstream systems and processes?
Forward integration
Information levels
Individual, department, enterprise
What refers to the extent of detail within the information?
Information granularity
What occurs when the same data element has different values?
Information inconsistency
Which of the following is a measure of the quality of information?
Information integrity
________ allow separate systems to communicate directly with each other, eliminating the need for manual entry into multiple systems.
Integrations
What are rules that help ensure the quality of information?
Integrity constraints
Complete
Is a value missing from the information?
Consistent
Is aggregate or summary information in agreement with detailed information?
Unique
Is each transaction and event represented only once in the information?
Timely
Is the information current with respect to business needs?
accurate
Is there an incorrect value in the information?
What focuses on how individual users logically access information to meet their own particular business needs?
Logical view of information
___________ (one word) provides details about data.
Metadata
What deals with the physical storage of information on a storage device?
Physical view of information
What is a field that uniquely identifies a given record in a table?
Primary Key
Which tool helps users graphically design the answer to a question against a database?
Query-by-example
__________ -time information means immediate, up-to-date information.
Real
What is a collection of related data elements?
Records
__________ integrity constraints are rules that enforce basic and fundamental information-based constraints.
Relational
Which system allows users to create, read, update, and delete data in a relational database?
Relational database management system
What are rules that enforce basic and fundamental information-based constraints?
Relational integrity constraints
What includes fixed data incapable of change in the event of a user action?
Static information
__ data encompasses all raw facts contained within a single process and its purpose is to support daily operational tasks.
Transactional
True or false: Business-critical integrity constraints tend to mirror the very rules by which an organization achieves success.
True
True or false: Databases today scale to exceptional levels, allowing all types of users and programs to perform information processing and information-searching tasks.
True
Why does a database offer increased information security?
Various security features of databases ensure that individuals have only certain types of access to certain types of information.
Select the statement below that accurately reflects a database.
While a database has only one physical view, it can easily support multiple logical views that provides for flexibility.
A(n) __________ integration takes information entered into a given system and sends it automatically to all upstream systems and processes.
backward
Integrity __________ are rules that help ensure the quality of information.
constraints
A(n) ___________ -driven website is an interactive website kept constantly updated and relevant to the needs of its customers using a database.
data
What occurs when a company examines its data to determine if it can meet business expectations, while identifying possible data gaps or where missing data might exist?
data gap analysis
What is the time it takes for data to be stored or retrieved?
data latency
What is the management and oversight of an organization's data assets to help provide business users with high-quality data that is easily accessible in a consistent manner?
data stewardship
What includes the tests and evaluations used to determine compliance with data governance polices to ensure correctness of data?
data validation
A data ____________ compiles all of the metadata about the data elements in the data model.
dictionary
A(n) __________ key is a primary key of one table that appears as an attribute in another table and acts to provide a logical relationship between the two tables.
foreign
Information ___________ refers to the extent of detail within the information (fine and detailed or coarse and abstract).
granularity
What is a broad administrative area that deals with identifying individuals in a system (such as a country, a network, or an enterprise) and controlling their access to resources within that system by associating user rights and restrictions with the established identity?
identity management
What is the practice of gathering data and ensuring that it is uniform, accurate, consistent, and complete, including such entities as customers, suppliers, products, sales, employees, and other critical entities that are commonly integrated across organizational system?
master data management
Data ___________ are logical data structures that detail the relationships among data elements using graphics or pictures.
models
One primary goal of a database is to eliminate information redundancy by recording each piece of information in _______ place(s) in the database.
only one
The ____________ view of information deals with the physical storage of information on a storage device.
physical
A(n) ________ key is a field (or group of fields) that uniquely identifies a given record in a table.
primary
A(n) _________ is a collection of related data elements.
record
Information __________ is the duplication of data, or the storage of the same data in multiple places.
redundancy
A(n) ___________ database model stores information in the form of logically related two-dimensional tables.
relational
Data _______ is responsible for ensuring the policies and procedures are implemented across the organization and acts as a liaison between the MIS department and the business.
steward
A(n) __________ query language asks users to write lines of code to answer questions against a database.
structured
Real-time __________ provide real-time information in response to requests.
systems
Data _______ includes the tests and evaluations used to determine compliance with data governance polices to ensure correctness of data.
validation
When do Information Integrity Issues occur?
when a system produces incorrect, inconsistent, or duplicate data