CHAPTER 7: ANTIBACTERIAL DRUGS THAT Disrupted the BACTERIAL CELL WALL

A 4 year old client being discharged from the hospital is ordered an oral-suspension cephalosporin. When the nurse instructs the mother to store the bottle in the refrigerator the mother asks,"Why does that matter?" The nurse's best response would be which?

"Drugs that require refrigeration lose potency if kept at room temperature."

The nurse is caring for a client whose prescribed course of cefaclor will soon be complete. What health education should the nurse provide to the client?

"Make sure to avoid drinking any alcohol for the next three days."

postoperative clients is ordered Kelsey 250 mg every 6 hours for 5 days. How much Keflex will the client receive in 24- hour period?

1 gram

The nurse is giving instructions to a client who being discharged home with a prescription for Augmentin. The nurse informs that client that best time to take this medication is:

1 hour before meals and 2 hours after a meal

Penicillin may trigger an anaphylactic reaction in some clients. Within what period following injection of a penicillin is anaphylactic most likely to occur?

30 minutes

When learning about the different classes of cephalosporin, the nurse correctly identifies which of the following statements?

A first-generation cephalosporin is more useful than a third- generation cephalosporin against gram-positive microorganisms.

The client calls the clinic to report the he experienceing a throbbing headache and his face is flushed. The client received cefotetan as an IV antibiotic prior to a minor surgical procedure the day before, and returned home that same day. What has this client consumed that has caused this reaction

Alcohol

A client diagnosed with infective endocarditis would be most effectively treated with medication

Ampicillin

A client has just received a first dose of intravenous nafcillin when he immediately begin to have difficulty breathing and losses consciousness. The nurse takes the clients vital singns: blood pressure is 88/50 with a pulse oxygenation of 88%. What should the nurse suspect?

Anaphylactic reaction

After teaching a groups of nursing students about the action of penicillins, the instructor determines that the teaching was effective when the students identify natural penicillins as exerting wind type of effect on microorganisms?

Bactericidal

Beta-lactation antibiotics, such as penicillin and cephalosporins, fight infection by inhibiting development of the causative bacteria. What specific components development do these drugs affect?

Cell wall synthesis

A client being prepared for surgery has been prescribed antibiotics as prophylaxis. Which medication would the nurse anticipate being ordered?

Cephalosporin

A client previously experienced a severe anaphylactic reaction to penicillin G. Which medication class should not be administered to this client due to the potential for cross-sensitivity?

Cephalosporins

The nurse is preparing a teaching plan for client who is prescribed ceftriaxon.

Diarrhea and nausea

Natural pencilling have been available since 1941 to treat infections. What problem developed since 1941?

Drug-resistant strains of microorganisms have developed

Natural penicillins have been available since 1941 to treat infections. What problems has developed since 1941?

Drug-resistant strains of microorganisms have developed

The nurse is taking a pharmacology course to increase her knowledge about how medication work. When studying the different types of penicillins, the nurse learns that only one group destroys the bacterial pseudomans. It is which group?

Extended-spectrum penicillin

The client is receiving keflex 1000mg/day. The nurse properly identifies this dry as a :

First-generation cephalosporin

A client taking a cephalosporin first a respiratory infection informed the nurse that her tongue feels funny and has white patches on it. She asks the nurse what could be wrong. The nurse informs the client that she has developed which?

Fungal superinfection

What potential averse reaction is mostly likely to develop during cefazoline therapy

Gastrointestinal upset

Penicillin are most effective when used to treat what type of microorganisms

Gram-positive bacteria

A client is prescribed penicillin V orally for strep throat. What is the mechanism of action of this medication

It inhibits cell wall synthesis.

Cephalosporin might interfere with accuracy of which test?

Ketone urine test

The nurse is justified in suspecting that a client who recently completed a course of ceftarolinenmay have been treated for what the health problem?

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection

An older adult is to receive a low dose of a cephalosporin for an infection. When realized that this meaning client has age-relateddiminshed renal function, what intervention should the nurse implement?

Monitor blood creative levels

A young adult has been receiving P.O. For the last 5 days to treat a respiratory infection. The nurse is concerned when the client reports urinating only once in the last 16 hours. What should the nurse concierge as the cause?

Nephrotoxicity

Micheal, 25 years old, has had mitral valve regurgitation since age four, after having rheumatic fever. Michael is planning to go to his dentist to have his teeth cleaned. Because of Michael's history he will to take antibiotics in conjunction with this procedure to prevent bacteremia. Which class of antibiotics will Michale mostly likely receive if he has no allergies?

Penicillin

Cephalosporin are structurally and chemically related to which classes of antibiotics?

Penicillins

A 36-year-old client with a history of rheumatic fever is scheduled for dental surgery. The primary care provider orders this client to take penicillin for 3 days after surgery. This is a case of which type of therapy?

Prophylaxis

The nurse is reviewing the medication history of a client who is prescribed penicillin therapy. Use of which medication would alert the nurse to possibility of the clients increased risk for an anaphylactic reaction?

Propranolol

The nurse is reviewing the medication history of a client who prescribed penicillin therapy. Use of which medication would alert the nurse to the possibility of the clients increased risk for an anaphylactic reaction

Propranolol

Pencillins are dependent on which of the following for their Bactericidal activity?

Serum concentration

A client is taking penicillin for an upper respiratory infection. The client calls the office after 2 days of therapy reporting and abdominal pain. Wind would be the best instruction for the nurse to give the client?

Theses are normal side effects, but if they increase in severity or frequency, you need to contact the office again.

The nurse is caring a 23-year-old client who uses oral contraceptives and has been prescribed amoxicillin for treatment of a respiratory infection. What information is most important for the nurse to share with this client?

Use a type of barrier birth control while you are taking this antibiotic

The concentration of any drug in the body is referred to as which of the following?

blood level

The health care provider is selecting an antibiotic for a client with a known penicillin allergy. The provider knows that cephalosporins are a poor choice for this client because cephalosporins

can cause allergic reactions in clients who are allergic to penicillins.

The nurse is preparing a teaching plan for a client who is prescribed ceftriaxone . What should the nurse identify as common adverse effects associated with this drug?

diarrhea, nausea

A 40-year-old is being treated for an ear infection with a cephalosporin. Which adverse reactions should the nurse monitor for in the client?

nausea

What event triggers the development of a superinfection?

proliferation of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms

What event triggers the development of superinfection

proliferation of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms

A client has been prescribed 200mg of cefpodomixe every 12 hours. One hand are 25-milligram tablets. To meet the prescribed dose, the nurse administers_______ tablets each dosage

8

Penicillin would NOT be indicated for which of the following clients?

A client with gram-negative bacteria allergic to penicillin

When learning about the different classes of cephalosporin, the nurse correctly identifies which of the following statements?

A first- generation cephalosporin is more usual than a third-generation cephalosporin against gram- positive microorganisms

The health care provider is selecting an antibiotic for a client with a known penicillin allergy. The provider knows that cephalosporin are a poor choice for this client because cephalosporins:

Can cause allergic reactions in clients who are allergic to penicillins

Which drug is a first-generation cephalosporin used as a surgical prophylaxis?

Cefazolin

An older adult is to receive a low dose of a cephalosporin for an infection. When realizing that this client has age-related diminished renal function, which should the nurse implement?

Monitor blood creative levels

What event tiggers the development of a superinfection

Profileration of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms

The nurse knows that superinfection are a concern for clients who have been taking oral penicillins, which is one of the most common superinfections?

Pseudomembranous colitis

The nurse has administered the first dose of a client's newly-prescribed penicillin. What assessment findings should the nurse interpret as adverse effect that suggests a more serious concern?

Rash to the face and trunk

The nurse is aware that drug has significantly increased. Client education must be reinforced so that complete regimens of medications re taken. In which situation would one expect to find an issue with drug resistance?

Residents in a long-term care facility

The nurse is aware that drug resistance has significantly increased. Client education must be reinforced so that regimens of medication are taken. Which situation would one expect to find an issue with drug resistance?

Residents in a long-term care facility

The client is admitted to the acute care facility with acute septicemia and has ordered to receive gentamicin and ampicillin IV. The nurse is performing an admission assessment that includes a complete nursing history. What information provided by the client would indicate the need to consult the health care provider(HCP) before administering the ordered medication?

Takes high- dose furosemide daily

A hospital client has been prescribed IV cetfriaxone, cephalosporin antibiotic. What assessment finding related to drug therapy would be of greatest concern to the nurse?

The client develops jaundice

A client is being treated for urosepsis with ceftriaxon IV. What assessment findings should promote the nurse to contact the care provider immediately?

The client has a new onset of jaundice and edema

A 64- year-old client is admitted to your unit ecxacerbattion of chronic heart failure and pneumonia and started on cefixim. On the third hospital day, you are assessing the client and note white patches in his mouth, and hide is complaining of diarrhea. What would be the most likely reasons for these symptoms?

The client has developed a superinfection because the antibiotics has destroyed the normal bacteria flower in his body.

The nursing instructor is teaching about a new emerging bacterial that has both natural and acquired resistance resistant and that affects severely ill, immunocompromised clients in intensive care, transplant, and some cancer treatment units. This which?

VRE