Chapter 7: Police Administration

The __________ refers to the officer's perception that his or her productivity will result in a postive outcome or reward.

valence of outcome

The police __________ is developed through the socialization process and it represents the standard by which police officers tend to view people and situations.

worldview

Esteem needs dominate an individual's motivation concerns.

False

Managers never measure their subordinates' motivation in terms of the degree to which they support their leader.

False

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs theory and Herzberg's Motivation-Hygiene theory essentially focus on the same concerns.

True

People who are anxious, emotional, or depressed have difficulty coping with the rigors of police work.

True

The fairness of an exchange between employee and employer is not usually perceived by the former purely and simply as an economic matter.

True

The main personality traits include extroversion and conscientiousness.

True

When groups form, they go through a four-stage development process. The first stage in this process is mutual acceptance.

True

Group __________ is the degree to which group members remain together.

cohesiveness

Which of the following "big five" personality characteristics refers to being dedicated to work, organized, and self-disciplined?

conscientiousness

The final stage of group formation is __________.

control

The purpose of the __________ is to identify shared and divergent values and beliefs within the department.

cultural audit

Which of the following terms generally refers to the forces within the individual that account for the level, direction, and persistence of effort expended at work?

drive passion experience

Which of the following is NOT a means by which organizational culture manifests itself?

formal policies

Herzberg identified two primary groups of factors that affect one's productivity. They are:

hygiene and motivation factors

The police manager must realize that real and perceived __________ plays an important role in the motivation process

inequity

The police manager must realize that real and perceived __________ plays an important role in the motivation process.

inequity

Which of the following is NOT a way in which a manager can attempt to decrease the effects of perceived inequity within the police agency?

offer rewards for good behavior

A comprehensive theory of motivation emphasizes which of the following sources of motivation?

organizational, individual, the interaction of individual and organizational factors

Needs that include food, clothing, and shelter are known as __________ needs.

physiological

According to McClelland, the need to exert control over one's environment is the need for __________.

power

According to Maslow, what type of needs dominate an individual's motivation concerns?

social

__________ needs imply that people need to have some level of recognition by peers.

Esteem

A __________ is a collection of people who interact with each other, have a stable pattern of relations, share goals, and perceive themselves as related.

Group

__________ groups are those groups that are formed as a result of social interaction.

Informal

Which of the following statements is accurate?

Punishment has only a short-term impact on behavior, whereas rewards affect behavior for longer periods of time.

According to Maslow:

Lower order needs must be fulfilled before higher order needs.

According to Maslow, security needs can be subconscious.

True

An interactionist perspective implies that behavior is the result of one's personality and the nature of the situation or job.

True

A comprehensive theory of motivation emphasizes which of the following sources of motivation?

the interaction of individual and organizational factors individual organizational