chapter30 ss
Peloponnesian war
(431 to 404 BCE) the war fought between Athens and Sparta that involved other city-state.
How old was Alexander when he became king?
20
The number of kingdoms Alexander the Greats empire was divided into after his death.
3
Alexander died at age ___.
33
Why did Alexander decide to attack Persia?
Alexander wanted to carry out his father's plan
In 131 B.C.E., Sparta declared war on _______.
Athens
What happened to cities that resisted Alexander's armies.
Burned to the Ground; People sold into Slavery
The three kingdoms created by dividing Alexander's empire.
Egypt; Syria; Macedonia and Greece
Why is Alexander called "Great"?
He conquered a huge area.
How did Alexander use religion to help him rule the Egyptians?
He gained their loyalty by honoring their gods.
What happened to Alexander's empire after he died?
His generals fought for control.
When Alexander reached northern India, what made him turn back?
His soldiers refused to go any farther.
How did Alexander show the influence of his teacher, Aristotle?
In his love of Greek culture
Why did Alexander receive visitors in a tent?
It was a custom of Persian kings.
Why was the city of Alexandria, in Egypt, especially famous?
Its library helped make it a center of learning.
What happened to cities that surrendered to Alexander's armies.
Kept Government Officials; Rebuilt
Why is the city of Alexandria in Egypt the most famous of Alexander's cities
Many famous scholars and writers lived there. And it was a center for art, music, and learning.
How did Alexander die
No one knows exactly how he died. Some think poison, others say disease.
Who was the king of Macedonia that took over Greece after the Peloponnesian War?
Phillip the Second
Who won the Peloponnesian War?
Sparta
What was an outcome of the Peloponnesian War?
Sparta defeated Athens.
3 Key Parts to Alexander's Plan
Spread Greek culture and ideas; Use religion to inspire loyalty; Show respect and adopt customs of conquered cultures
what was one of the outcomes of the Peloponnesian war?
The Spartans beat the Athenians.
What happened to the Greek city-states as a result of the Peloponnesian War?
The fell under the control of Macedonian king, Philip II
What happened to the government officials of towns that surrendered to Alexander?
They got to stay in office.
Where was Macedonia located in relation to Greece?
To the north
Persian Greeting Custom
Visitor had to kneel at throne; bow head to the ground; leader would raise them up and kiss them
The eastern most reach of Alexander's empire.
Western India
Alexandria
a city in Egypt founded in 322BCE by Alexander the Great,also an ancient center of learning.
Aristotle
a great Greek philosopher, a tutor of Alexander the Great and the author of works on logic, science, and politics.
custom
a practice that is common to people of a particular group or region.
Macedonia
an ancient kingdom located north of Greece
why was phillip ll able to be successful in Greece?
because the peloponnesian war had left them divided and weak.
What made it possible for Philip II to succeed in Greece?
divisions between Greek city-states
What did Alexander do to help unite the Greeks under his rule?
gave them a common enemy
Why was Alexander well trained to be a leader?
he studied under Aristotle who taught him public speaking, science, and philosophy
what did alexander the great learn from Aristotle?
love/appreciation for greek culture.
In Persia, Alexander allowed the Persians to
run the day-to-day business in their lands.
Alexander built cities to
spread Greek culture.
Alexander planned to use ______and ______ to conquer an empire.
terror, kindness
Alexander told the Greeks that he was the son of
the god Zeus.
Alexander the Great
the ruler of a vast empire that extended from Macedonia to India in the 300s B.C.E
What was the lasting influence of Alexander's conquests?
the spread of Greek culture
What was Alexander's goal for his empire?
to bring different cultures under one government
Philip, the father of Alexander the Great, planned ______.
to take advantage of the Greek city-states' wars and conquer them