Cheaters 13-15

Inflammation infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissue is termed

Cellulitis

Bullets, shrapnel, and other metallic objects may cause

Comet tail artifact

Ganglion cysts are often treated with an injection of

Corticosteroids

Tendon sonographically appear as

Echogenic, fibrous structures connecting muscles to bone

A common mass found along the dorsal aspect of the hand and wrist

Ganglion cyst

Sonographic findings consistent with the diagnosis of testicular torsion

Hypoechoic testis, reactive hydrocele, decreased intratesticular flow

Normal muscle appears as

Hypoechoic tissue that contains linear, echogenic strands

Hyperemic flow with in or around the structure is often indicative of

Inflammation

Primary varicoceles are associated with

LEFT-sided location, infertility, palpable extratesticular mass

Which laboratory test may be used as a tumor marker for a ovarian dysgerminoma

Lactate dehydrogenase

What term best describes abnormally heavy menstrual flow

Menorrhagia

What term is best described as excessive bleeding from the uterus induration and amount

Menorrhagia

What term best describes irregular menstrual bleeding between periods

Metrorrhagia

An artifact that is produced by a strong reflector and results and a copy of the imagine being placed deeper than the current location

Mirror image

The following sonographic findings are consistent with torsio of the testicular appendage

No intratesticular flow, reactive hydrocele, scrotal wall thickening

Clinical findings of tendinitis include

Pain, edema, the area is warm to touch

What term best describes an infection of the female genital tract that may involve the ovaries, uterus, and/or the fallopian tube'ss

Pelvic inflammatory disease

Secondary varicoceles are associated with

RIGHT-sided location, hepato megaly, renal mass

The following are associated with acute pelvic pain

Ruptured ovarian hemorrhagic cyst, perforated interuterine contraceptive device

Spermatogenesis occurs within the

Seminiferous tubules

The most common germ cell tumor of the testes is the

Seminoma

What best describes the Thompson test

The patient lies prone while the a of aThe patient was proud of all the symptomatic calf is squeezed

The most common location of prostatic cancer is

The peripheral zone

A seven-year-old boy presents to the emergency department with acute testicular pain localized to the superior pole of the right testes. What is the most likely diagnosis

Torsion of the testicular appendage

The blue dot sign is indicative of

Torsion of the testicular appendage

A 23-year-old man presents to the ultrasound apartment with a history of infertility. Which of the following is associated with male infertility

Varicocele

A dilated group of veins found within the scrotum is defined as

Varicocele

What is the most common correctable cause of male infertility

Varicocele

Which of the following techniques is useful for providing sonographic evidence of a varicocele

Valsalva Maneuver

What would likely cause abdominal distention

Ascites, multiple leiomyoma, ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome

What is typically associated with amenorrhea

Asherman syndrome, polycystic ovarian disease, pregnancy

The accumulation of synovial fluid from a weakening joint in the capsule of the knee, I see the condition such as rheumatoid arthritis can result in

Baker cyst

The lack of normal fixation of the testes to the posterior scrotal wall as referred to as

Bell clapper deformity

Enlargement of the prostate in older man is most often caused by

Benign prostatic hypertrophy

The most common location of a hydrocele is

Between the two layers of the tunica vaginalis

Superficial lipomas may appear as

Hypoechoic, isoechoic, or hyperechoic to the surrounding tissue

What diagnostic test is used to evaluate emirate radiation from the patient to assess the function of organs

Nuclear medicine

You have been asked to perform a study to rule out cryptorchidism. The term means

One or both of the testicles is not to send it into the scrotum

What often leads to an elevation of CA - 125

Ovarian carcinoma

What abnormality results from the ovary twisting it's mesenteric connection

Ovarian torsion

To better evaluate the Achilles tendon, the patient should be placed in what position

Prone

Acoustic shadowing caused by the bending of a sound wave at the edge of a curved reflector is referred to as

Refractive shadowing

Which of the following would be caused by a large a acoustic interface and subsequent production of false echoes

Reverberation

What is the most common malignancy of the testicles

Seminoma

A standoff pad is most useful when imaging

Superficial structures

The breast cancer drug that inhibits the effects of estrogen in the breast is

Tamoxifen

Fluid within the synovial sheath indicative of

Tendosynovitis

Inflammation of the tendon and synovial tendon sheath is referred to as

Tendosynovitis

Acute onset of testicular pain at rest is a common clinical finding with

Testicular torsion

The endocrine function of the testicles is to produce

Testosterone

What test can be performed to determine a torn achilles tendon

The Thompson test

Best describe the term adnexa

The area located posterior to the broad ligament and adjacent to the uterus

Describe a negative Thompson test

The calf is squeezed and the foot should plantarflex in a patient who does not have a complete tear of an Achilles' tendon

Infertility is best described as

The inability to conceive a child after one year of unprotected intercourse

The most common location of a varicocele is

The left side of the scrotum

The following will aid in sonographic assessment of an Achilles tendon

The patient lives prone, with his or her feet hanging off the end of the bed, but the symptomatic and asymptomatic tendons should be scanned for comparison, the entire attend and should be evaluated in the sagittal and transverse scan planes

What scrotal abnormality is caused by incompetent valves with in the paniform plexus

Varicocele's

Dilated veins of a varicocele will measure

>2 mm

Which of the following at the side of a foreign body may produce bright echoes and therefore ambiguity about the correct orientation of the object

Air

Leukocytosis would most likely be associated with

Pelvic inflammatory disease

Endovaginal transducers are often soaked in some form of

Glutaraldehyde

The Achilles tendon connects the

Heel to the calf muscle

A benign blood tumor comprised of blood vessels

Hemangioma

A complicated baker cyst may contain a thin flap of tissue referred to as

Pannus

The exocrine function of the testicles is to produce

Sperm

A common cyst most often seen in the head of the epididymis that contains non-viable sperm is the

Spermatocele

The most common location of benign prostatic hypertrophy is

Transitional zone

Describe a spermatocele

A simple appearing cyst, found within the head of the epididymis, that may contain debris

Clinical findings of a Baker cyst may mimic those of a/an

Deep vein thrombosis

What term is used to best to find a difficult or painful menstruation

Dysmenorrhea

Which of the following is defined as pain during intercourse

Dyspareunia

Which of the following transducers would be best suited to sonographically assess for splinter in the patient's hand

High frequency, linear array transducer

Which of the following is defined as excessive hair growth and women in areas where hair growth is usually negligible

Hirsutism

The following would be relevant laboratory test to evaluate before performing a routine pelvic sonogram

Human chorionic gonadotropin, hematocrit, white blood cell count

A simple fluid collection surrounding the testes is referred to as

Hydrocele

What is the most common sonographic appearance of a seminoma

Hypoechoic

The most common cancer found in men

Prostate cancer

Malignant ovarian tumors may leak mucinous material, I condition known as

Pseudomyxoma peritoni

Precocious puberty is best defined as

Pubertal development before the age of 8

A partial tear of the tendon typically appears as

A focal hypoechoic area within the tendon

The following are key is to identify foreign bodies with sonography

A linear array transducer should be used, most foreign bodies are better visualize using a standoff pad, comet tail artifact maybe seen posterior to metallic objects