Chemistry of Life
diffusion
A type of passive transport in cells in which molecules move from areas where there are more of them to areas where there are fewer of them. No energy more to less.
osmosis
A type of passive transport that occurs when water diffuses through a cell membrane. No energy more to less water.
enzyme
A type of protein that regulatesnearly all chemical reactions in cells.
energy
Active transport requires ________ to move a substance through a cell membrane.
atoms
All matter is made up of ____________.
Process of photosynthesis (occurs in chloroplasts)
CO2 + H2O + sunlight + O2 (waste) + glucose (product)
permeable
Cells have a selectively __________ membrance that regulates what goes into or out of the cell.
inoganic compound
Compound such as H20 this is made from elements other than carbon and whose atoms usually can be arranged in only one structure.
organic compound
Compounds that always contain hydrogen and carbon; carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids are organic compounds found in living things.
less / equilibrium
Diffusion - when molecules move away from areas where there are more of them into areas where there are _______ of them; stops when the molecules of one substance are spread evenly throughout another substance and _________ occurs.
cell membrane / pushed out of
Endocytosis - the process in which the membrane of the vesicle fuses with the cell's membrane and vesicle's contents are _______________ the cell.
active transport
Energy requiring processing with transport proteins and with particles and move them through a cell membrane.
1/3 body water
How much body water is located outside of your body's cells?
2/3 of body water
How much body water is located within your body's cells?
proteins
In facilitated diffusion, _________ move substances into and out of the cell.
Compound/There are 2 elements in this compound
Is water (H20) an element or a compound and why?
organic
Living things and their products are ____________ compounds.
passive transport
Movement of substances through a cell. Membrane without the use of cellular energy; includes diffusion, osmosis, and facilateted diffusion. No energy Examples: diffusion and osmosis.
2 ( 0)
Neutron of the atom
Process of Respiration (occurs in mitochondria)
O2 + glucose + CO2 + H2O (waste) + energy (released fro body to use)
equilibrium
Occurs when molecules of one substance are spread evenly throughout another substance. Equal
water
One of the most important inorganic compounds for living things is __________.
water
Osmosis - the diffusion of _________through a cell membrane.
84%
Oxygen and carbon together make up almost what percent of the elements in the human body?
without
Passive transport - the movement of substances through a cell membrane _______ the input of energy.
endocytosis
Process by which a cell takes in a substance by surrounding it with the cell membrane.
fermentation
Process by which oxygen looking cells and some one-celled organisms release small amounts of energy from glucoma molecules and produce wastes such as alcohol, carbon dioxide, and lactic acid.
photosynthesis
Process by which plants and many other producers use light energy to produce a simple sugar from carbon dioxide and water and give off oxygen.
respiration
Process by which producers and consumers release stored energy from food molecules.
exocytosis
Process by which vesides release their contents outside the cell. Molecules exits the cell.
metabolism
The total of all chemical reactions in an organism.
carbon
They all contain ___________ and hydrogen.
compounds
Two or more kinds of atoms form ____________.
Atoms make up matter and the smallest unit of matter.
What are atoms?
A compound is made up of two or more elements in exact proportions and a mixture is a combination of substances in which individual substances retain their own properties.
What is the difference between a compound and a mixture?
We breathe and make water
Why is there so much oxygen in the human body?
elements
___________ are made up of only one kind of atom. These atoms may bond together to form molecules.
proteins
___________ called enzymes are organic compounds that help regulate chemical reactions in cells.
inorganic
____________ compounds are made from elements other then carbon.
2-
electron of the atom
2+
proton of the atom