Chemistry of Life quizzes 1 and 2

Water can only dissolve inorganic compounds.

False

Salts help to maintain the natural ionic concentration of an organism.

True

Produces OH- ions

base

Select four of the most abundant elements found in plants and animals.

carbon oxygen nitrogen and hydrogen

A positively charged ion is called a(n) .

cation

HCl is an example of a(n)

compound, molecule

A water molecule is held together by a ______ bond.

covalent

A chemical bond formed between two atoms by the sharing of electrons.

covalent bond

A molecule of one atom of carbon and two atoms of oxygen would be written:

COv2

An organic molecule will always contain:

Carbon

Atoms which possess completed outer energy level or have a stable octet are inert.

true

Each element consists of only one type of atom.

true

Which valences have the greatest tendency to form ions?

+1 -1 +2 -2 +3 -3

The pH ranges between

0 and 14

If an atom is supplied with excess energy:

1.an electron may change to an excited state 2.an electron may move to a higher energy level

The pH of water is ______ because it contains an equal amount of H+ and OH- ions.

7

There are _______ elements that can be found to occur in nature.

92

Check the correct statements regarding a compound and a molecule:

A compound consists of two or more distinct bonded atoms a molecule is the smallest chemical subunit of a compound a molecule may consist of two similar elements chemically bonded

All the subatomic particles participate in chemical reactions.

False

How is a sodium ion symbol written?

Na+

A substance which yields an anion plus a hydrogen ion is a(n):

acid

Any substance which donates a hydrogen atom during disassociation.

acid

produces H+ ions

acid

Select the characteristics of a hydrogen bond:

an attraction between polar molecules intermolecular force between hydrogen and oxygen, fluorine, or nitrogen

A negatively charged ion is called a(n) .

anion

A negatively charged ion; an atom which has gained an electron.

anion

Containing two atoms.

diatomic

Organic fats ________ dissolve in water.

do not

A subatomic particle, fundamental to all matter, existing in orbit around the nucleus of an atom and carries a negative charge.

electron

The common subatomic particles that make up an atom consist of protons, neutrons, and

electrons

The subatomic particles/ units which govern potential chemical reactions among elements are: .

electrons

Which statement is correct?

electrons of a neutral atom always equals the number of protons

An electron in the second energy level has more ______ than an electron in the first energy level.

energy

A hydrogen bond is completed by the transfer of its sole electron to another element.

false

Water molecules are attracted to each other by ______ bonds

hydrogen

An intermolecular force (attraction) occurring between a hydrogen atom and fluorine, oxygen, and nitrogen atoms.

hydrogen bond

A chemical compound not containing carbon.

inorganic

An electrically charged atom or group of atoms formed by the loss or gain of electrons.

ion

Inorganic compounds are usually held together by _____ bonds.

ionic

A bond formed by the electrical attraction between two oppositely charged ions.

ionic bond

An ionic bond:

is the attraction of two oppositely charged ions involves actual transfer of electrons

Anything which occupies space and has mass.

matter

What has mass and occupies space?

matter

Naturally occurring compounds in the earth are called

minerals

Two or more substances mixed together but not chemically combined.

mixture

A unit of matter representing the chemical properties of a substance composed of two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds.

molecule

The smallest unit of a compound is a(n)

molecule

A subatomic particle, fundamental to all matter except hydrogen, existing in the nucleus, with about the same mass as a proton, but carries no charge.

neutron

Atomic mass is determined by the number of protons plus

neutrons

The positively charged center of an atom which contains both the protons and neutrons of the atom.

nucleus

Any particular element can always be identified by its:

number of protons

Any chemical compound which contains carbon.

organic

A measure of the hydrogen ion concentration in a solution.

pH

A subatomic particle, fundamental to all matter, existing in the nucleus, with a positive charge and about equal mass to a neutron.

proton

Each unique element is determined by the number of _________ occurring in the atom.

protons

The word "synthesize" means:

put together

The compound formed by the ionic bonding of a cation and anion.

salt

When salts are dissolved in water they:

separate into ions

A substance which is dissolved in a liquid.

solute

A liquid which acts to dissolve or suspend solutes

solvent

A covalent bond is:

the sharing of electrons by two or more atoms

In nature, on Earth, matter can exist in________ phases.

three

Chemical reactions are the result of an atom attempting:

to rearrange its configuration to result in a complete outer energy level

The smallest unit of an element that still retains the chemical properties of the element.

atom

The smallest unit which retains the properties of an element is a(n)

atom

The mass of an element; approximately equal to the number of protons and neutrons in its nucleus.

atomic mass

The number of protons in the nucleus of the atom (Note: the number also equals the number of electrons around the nucleus).

atomic number

(or alkali)Any substance capable of combining with hydrogen; it normally donates a hydroxyl (OH-).

base

A substance which yields a cation plus the hydroxyl ion in water is a(n):

base

A positively charged ion; an atom which has lost an electron.

cation

The union between atoms by the interaction of their electrons in the outermost orbit.

chemical bond

When the atoms of elements or compounds interact to form at least one new compound.

chemical reaction

Valence is the number of electrons an atom must gain or lose in order to ______ its outer energy level or have a stable octet.

complete

A chemical substance composed of atoms of two or more distinct elements chemically bonded to one another.

compound

Many elements exist naturally as a diatomic molecule. This means that the element is found in nature as_____ chemically bonded atoms.

two

An ionic bond occurs when:

two atoms exchange electrons and become ions

The number of electrons an element must gain or lose in order to complete its outer electron shell.

valence

When will an atom give up electrons?

when less than half of the outer energy level is filled