childhood integumentary disorders

how can dermatophytoses (tinea) be spread

can be spread on any surface

How is scabies transmitted?

contact

A 4 year old is admitted to your unit with a severe case of impetigo. It is important the nurse follows _______________ while providing care to this patient: A. Droplet precautions B. Standard precautions only C. Contact precautions D. Airborne precaution

C. Contact precautions

A parent brings her child into the clinic due to skin lesions that fail to heal. The lesions are red, reported to be itchy, and exhibit exudate. You suspect the child may have impetigo. What is a hallmark finding with this condition? A. Round patches with light pink centers B. Short grey lines on the skin C. Silver colored scales over the lesions D. Yellow crusts over the lesions

D. Yellow crusts over the lesions

how is pediculosis capitis transmitted

direct contact or contact with hair accessories or hats

teaching for dermatophytoses (tinea)

do not exchange towels or clothes or grooming products

clinical manifestations of childhood eczema

erythematous, dry, scaly, papular, more thickened

what are clinical manifestations of infantile eczema

exudative, crusty, papulovesicular, erythematous, pruritic lesions, red, itchy, scratchy

what does pedis indicate

feet

what is dermatophytoses (tinea)

fungal infections

what does cruris indicate

groin

what does capitis indicate

head

how is eczema diagnosed

history and clinical manifestations

treatment of eczema

hydrate and lubricate skin reduce pruritus minimize inflammatory changes give steroids determine triggers prevent infections

why is permetherin given to those close in contact with scabies

incubation period can be up to 60 days

what is pediculosis capitis cause by

infestation of hair & scalp by pediculosis louse

what is pediculosis capitis

lice

outcome of puberty to adult eczema

may recur often, more chronic form

what is scabies caused by

mites

what are clinical manifestations of impetigo

red inflammed blister crusty: honey colored

clinical manifestations of puberty to adult eczema

same as childhood, large plaques, thickened, lichenified

clinical manifestations of lice

severe itching especially at base of neck and behind ears scratch marks nits and lice

Clinical Manifestation of scabies

severe pruitis: mite's eggs and feces deposited under skin

teaching for lice

shampoo on dry hair and rinse in 10 min avoid hot water launder clothes and bedding spray furniture and non-washable items for 2 weeks

nursing interventions for scabies

short nails no hot water because it opens up pores and the medication can go into the body

teach for eczema

short nails mittens (for babies) humidified environment is good for them for moisture

what causes impetigo

staphylococcus

treatment for dermatophytoses (tinea)

topical anti-fungal ketoconozole griseofulvin- for up to 6 weeks

eczema/ atopic dermatitis goes hand and hand with what

allergies and asthma

the nurse evaluates that the mother of a 6 month old with eczema needs more teaching regarding her baby's care when the mother states: 1. "I will be careful not to cut the baby's nails short" 2. "I'll make sure not to give the baby any whole milk products" 3. "i have given all of the baby's woolen blankets to my nephew" 4. " i am going to buy my baby a whole new wardrobe of cotton clothing"

1. "I will be careful not to cut the baby's nails short"

The mother of a 3-year-old child arrives at a clinic and tells the nurse that the child has been scratching the skin continuously and has developed a rash. The nurse assesses the child and suspects the presence of scabies. The nurse bases this suspicion on which finding noted on assessment of the child's skin? 1.Fine grayish red lines 2.Purple-colored lesions 3.Thick, honey-colored crusts 4.Clusters of fluid-filled vesicles

1.Fine grayish red lines Scabies is a parasitic skin disorder caused by an infestation of Sarcoptes scabiei (itch mite). Scabies appears as burrows or fine, grayish red, threadlike lines. They may be difficult to see if they are obscured by excoriation and inflammation. Purple-colored lesions may indicate various disorders, including systemic conditions. Thick, honey-colored crusts are characteristic of impetigo or secondary infection in eczema. Clusters of fluid-filled vesicles are seen in herpesvirus infection.

when does infantile eczema occur

2 months- 2 years

when does childhood eczema occur

2 years- puberty

the school nurse has provided an instructional session about impetigo to parents of the children attending the school. which statement if made by a parent indicates a need for further instruction? 1. "it is extremely contagious" 2. "it is most common in humid weather" 3. "lesions most often are located on the arms and chest" 4. "it might show up in an area of broken skin, such as an insect bite"

3. "lesions most often are located on the arms and chest"

A topical corticosteroid is prescribed by a health care provider for a child with atopic dermatitis (eczema). Which instruction should the nurse give the parent about applying the cream? 1.Apply the cream over the entire body. 2.Apply a thick layer of cream to affected areas only. 3.Avoid cleansing the area before application of the cream. 4.Apply a thin layer of cream and rub it into the area thoroughly.

4. Apply a thin layer of cream and rub it into the area thoroughly.

premetherin is prescribed for a child with a diagnosis of scabies. The nurse should give which instruction to the parents regarding the use of this treatment. 1. apply the lotion to areas of the rash only 2. apply the lotion and leave it on for 6 hours 3. avoid putting clothes on the child over the lotion 4. apply the lotion to cool dry skin at least 30 min after bathing

4. apply the lotion to cool dry skin at least 30 min after bathing

the most important nursing care for infants with eczema is: 1. promotion of physical growth 2. provision of sufficient hydration 3. identification of causative factors 4. prevention of secondary infections

4. prevention of secondary infections

the school nurse is performing pediculosis capitis ( head lice) assessments. which assessment finding indicates that a child has a "positive" head check for lice? 1. maculopapular lesions behind the ears 2. lesions in the scalp that extend to the hairline or neck 3. white flaky particles throughout the entire scalp region 4. white sacs attached to the hair shafts in the occipital area

4. white sacs attached to the hair shafts in the occipital area

treatment for scabies

5% permethrin for 3 days

outcome of infantile eczema

50% resolve by age 2-3 years

outcome of eczema

75% have no reoccurrence after adolescence

A child with impetigo has a 24 month old sister at home. What will you be sure to include in your teaching to the parents about this condition? A. Keep the child's nails short B. Separate towels and other linens used by the child C. Wash hands with antibacterial soap regularly D. Prevent the child from scratching the lesions E. Vacuum carpets and furniture regularly F. Store stuffed animals and toys in plastic bags for 5 days

A. Keep the child's nails short B. Separate towels and other linens used by the child C. Wash hands with antibacterial soap regularly D. Prevent the child from scratching the lesions

Impetigo tends to be most commonly found on: A. Mouth B. Ears C. Nose D. Torso E. Toes

A. Mouth C. Nose

A 2 year old with impetigo is ordered topical antibiotic ointment. You're teaching the child's mother how to apply the ointment. Which action by the mother during application of the ointment requires you to re-educate the parent? A. The mother washes her hands before and after the application of the ointment. B. The mother applies a layer of ointment directly over the crust of the lesion. C. The mother uses warm water and antibacterial soap to cleanse the lesions prior to application of ointment. D. The mother uses a cotton swab to apply the ointment.

B. The mother applies a layer of ointment directly over the crust of the lesion.

What is impetigo

Contagious bacterial infection marked by red inflammed blisters

treatment for lice

Permethrin 1 % cream Pyrethrin

what is the treatment for impetigo

bacitracin ointment or PO antibiotics

what does corporis indicate

body

Which of the following is the primary clinical manifestation of scabies? a. Edema b. Redness c. Pruritus d. Maceration

c. Pruritus