Chp 1 Practice - History & Fundamental Theories of Psychology

Dr. Garcia is a psychologist that studies how people learn, solve problems and make decisions. What kind of psychologist is Dr. Garcia?

Cognitive

Forming a hypothesis is the '' step to the scientific method.

First

Which of the following is NOT included in the five major approaches in psychology?

Functional

The Law of Proximity, which observes that people tend to use how close objects are to one another to perceive a larger image, is an example from the "" field of psychology.

Gestalt

Which of the following events occurred first in the history of psychology?

Wilhelm Wundt opened a psychology lab.

Deception in psychological research is "".

allowed but minimized as much as possible

Psychologists who view the field through a "" lens do not believe in free will.

behaviorist

Many psychologists today study behavior through five main lenses: cognitive, humanistic, social, developmental and "".

clinical

Whenever Ted gets a good grade his parents take him for ice cream. However, when he performs poorly on a test, he is forced to skip a meal. They also buy him small prizes whenever he cleans his room, but cut his after school play time when his room is a mess. Ted's parents are using "" to influence his behavior.

conditioning

Researchers plan an experiment to test the hypothesis, 'Younger drivers have faster reaction times.' In this study the reaction time is the:

dependent variable

When you conduct a scientific experiment the "" is what is measured to determine effect.

dependent variable

Imagine that you are in charge of creating an age-appropriate standardized test for middle schoolers. What branch of psychology might you consult to ensure that the test was well-suited to students' age levels?

developmental psychology

Psychologist Stanley Milgram conducted an experiment in which participants were instructed to administer "" to 'learners' in another room.

electric shocks

In Gestalt psychology, our ability to perceive a whole without first noticing its parts is referred to as "".

emergence

Many famous psychological studies, if conducted today, would violate "".

ethical standards

Which of the following represents the 'cause' in a scientific experiment?

the independent variable

Psychology is the scientific study of how we "", "" and behave.

think; feel

This psychologist might suggest that students only study hard in order to receive a good grade from the teacher.

B.F. Skinner

Gestalt psychology, psychoanalysis and "" were three psychological approaches that were popular in the early 20th century.

Behaviorism

What is one similarity between the line experiment and the bridge experiment?

Both experiments demonstrate how testing the 'obvious' can yield surprising results.

How did functionalism influence modern-day psychological theory?

It set the ground for evolutionary psychology

In psychology, what does the term misattribution refer to?

Making a mistaken assumption as to what caused a feeling.

The possible cause that's being studied in an experiment is known as the:

independent variable

The two guiding principles for ethical standards in psychological research are "".

minimize harm and obtain informed consent

The study of psychology looks past "" to better understand unconscious drives.

outward behaviors

Talk therapy and dream analysis are two techniques used in "".

psychoanalysis

Sigmund Freud promoted the "" approach.

psychodynamic

Which psychological approach might attribute Ralph's obsession with keeping a spotless house to the fact that he experienced harsh potty-training?

psychodynamic approach

The psychology field that focuses on our family and friends influencing our behavior is

social psychology

Functionalism seeks to explain "".

the evolutionary advantages certain behaviors can provide