Christian Scriptures Exam 3 Holleyman

What are matthew's 5 teaching sections/discourses?

beginning of the ministry 5-7 sermon on the mount 10 instructions to disciples 13 a collection of parables 18 instructions for the church (ekklesia, only one who says this word in all of the gospels) 24-25 end times ( teaching in jerusalem)

what becomes galilees headquarters

capernaum

What is Christ (hebrew word) mean in greek?

messiah

where most people separated into these categories?

no they werent but these groups of people will affect their lives greatly

scribes

people that were very familiar with the law, known as like lawyers, so like the dean of students at a high school all about rules

samaritians

people who claimed they were jewish but their character was questioned considering they had their own tempple and they were super corrupt, like central when it comes to catholic high schools

whos the naked guy running away in mark when jesus gets arrested?

popular idea: it was the author trying to place himself there holleyman thinks that its the author is writing for a specific audience that would get that (almost like an inside joke)

what are the responses in the book of signs in John?

rejection and belief

what were the two new theological emphases ?

resurrection and messianic hope- a new life after this one, and hope for a day of restoration will be brought by the annointed one

What was the period called when Antiochus Epiphanes ruled

seleucus period, which was 198-167 BCE he forced hellenism on the people because he wanted them to be unified and the jews were resistant, he took the temple away from the jews and set an alter to zeus and sacfriced unclean swine in the holy of holy places

What is the turning point of matthew?

the confession and transfiguration, passion prediction (3 of them)

what is the turning point of mark?

the confession of the apostles and how they think about jesus, they said that you are the messiah/christ (simon peter says that on behalf of everyone)

What is hellenism?

the dominant culture at the time, in the greco roman world

what is another name of the mount of olives and what happens there?

the garden of gethsemane where jesus goes to pray (agonizing) after the last supper, he is scared and the apostles (inner circle) fall asleep waiting for him

what dynasty lead to the roman period

the hasmonean dynasty (lead by the leaders of the guerrilla war) it was the only jewish state in the homeland which was super significant, corrupt infighting and bot stable

diaspora jews

the jews that spread throughout the world rather than going back

what did hellenism influence?

the language of the military

essenes

the people who thought that the temple was corrupt

what was the period called when alexander the great ruled?

the ptolemaic period, which was 320-198 BCE during this time the septuagint came out because it was suppose to be in the library but had to be changed to greek, the israelites had religious freedom

sanhedrin

the ruling council of jewish leadership, answered the ultimate questions like the administration in a high school application

what happened around 164

the son of priest took the temple back cleaned it and redidication it

what does the term gospel mean?

the term proclamation regarding identity of jesus - theologically selective and it means "good news"

what is the ending of Matthew?

there are tomb guards that were going to discredit the resurrection and tell the women that the body was stolen, meeting in galilee (2nd resurrection appearance) "The Great Commission" tells them to take his message and go make disciples of their own

whats unique about luke?

there is a lot of information about john the baptist that the others dont have -joseph is more in the background and mary is more upfront -there are no wise men but there are sheperds -it starts with an address called the prologue

What is different about he passover meal in luke?

there is no annointing in bethany of oil on jesus by woman, doesnt tell what judas is paid for turning in jesus, there are disputes over greatness

remnant jews

those who went back when they invited the jews back

herodians

those who were in favor of the rule of herod, hellenized people, people who like mr petersen

What was the defining moment in matthew?

when jesus was tempted three times, and the ministry path and destination shaped by temptation experience

what does jesus say on the cross? and what does this emphasis or mean?

"my God My God why have you foresaken me?" it was a cry of anguish and lament, emphasis on suffering messiah

tell me about the tranfiguration

(like a metamorphosis) it happened on a mountain and jesus was in a white robe looked very royal like, moses and elijah were there (this showed that his appearance is what the messiah looks like) this made peter want to create an alter to make jesus happy, but was told to listen to jesus and go out and proclaim the real messiah that jesus is

what happens with the wise men and Herod Archelaus?

The wise men go to him askin where the child born to be king is and he asks them to be spies and report back, angels tell them not to go back and tell jesus mary and joseph to go to egypt as herod orders to kill all baby boys under the age of two because he got mad he didnt find jesus

what four questions are all four gospels interested in?

Who was He? What did He do? What happened? What does His life mean?

what are the four categories of the new testament?

gospels, historiography/biolography, epistle (most of the new testament books), and apocalyse

pharisees

group of people that are very dedicated to the torah and oral tradition, religion teachers like deacon and miss angela, dominant in the synagogues

What was so special about Alexander the Great

he didnt choose who his heir would be (thats super weird), hes from macedonia, he had a huge military that was divided into four parts, he defeated the persians, conquested a lot of the world, and controlled the land bridge which was an important part of land that was disputed and fought over

How many statements did jesus say at the crucifixion according to Luke?

he said three just like in John (mark and matthew stated that he only said one thing) 1. Father forgive them, for they do not know what they are doing. 2.Truly, I tell you, today you will be with me in paradise (to the criminal that stood up for Jesus) 3. Father, into your hands I commend my spirit.

how was herod the great become king, and how did they feel about him? when did he rule?

he was chosen by the people to rule the area for them which is called a client king. They loved him because crime rates were down and made things super good. he ruled at the time jesus was born but died not too long after that.

what were the temptations of jesus in mark?

he was tempted to do things for himself (sign of being selfish or choice to be) which happened immediately after baptism

What was the maccabean revolt?

in 167 BCE it was called the hopes of the hasidim, it was a guerilla group that revolts against the seleucus in hope of restoration for israel/leader to help be faithful

Where does Mark primarily take place?

in galilee and around jerusalem

What does the word logos mean and what happened/

it became incarnate, as in Jesus was the creation force and now is human

what is the triumphal entry and where is it found?

it is found in all of the gospels, it is jesus's entrance into jerusalem (palm sunday, rides in on a donkey) ironic because everyone is treating him like a king but he looks like a peasant

what are matthews characteristics?

it is the most jewish nature of all of the gospels, and the most extensive -uses kingdom of heaven not kingdom of God like mark, nods to jewish audience for not saying God's name -puts jesus as a supreme teacher and interpeter to try to get people to live by the covenant if they are taught it

what is the two source theory?

it means that they think all of the information comes from Mark and a Q source (unknown and theoretical not actually found)

How does matthew start?

it starts with a long geneology... Abraham-David-Exile-Messiah *it notes women in the geneology ( all of these women are unclean as in are a part of sexual relations and were not Christian in the beginning but convert by the end of their stories)

How does John start out?

it starts with a prologue and a philosophical statement that goes way back before any geneology or adam to when it was just God and the chaos

How does mark start and how is this different from the other gospels?

it starts with the introduction of john the baptist ministry, doesnt have a brith narrative or say anything about mary (virgin)

what does the two source theory suggest?

it suggest that mark was written first and that matthew and luke had access to it when writing theirs by adding or leaving out things they didnt think was important. Then there is some material that luke and matthew both have that is not in mark and they suggest that there is a common source called the q source

what was significant about the woman annointing jesus?

it was significant because she took a very expensive ointment and annointed jesus's forehead, tries to use it as a way to prep the apostles showing that he is getting prepared for death

what happens in the birth announcement in matthew?

joseph is the prominent character in this one and mary is just in the background. He is depicted as a righteous torah abiding jew and is spoken to through dreams -was told to name his son jesus "salvation" or emanuel "God with us"

who betrays jesus and how/

judas iscariot, he betrays him with a kiss which shows the officials which one jesus is

How is john the baptist depicted in Mark?

like the OT prophet Elijah, had disciples and followers like jesus, before he died he had questions about jesus, and he was put to death at the demand of herod antipas and his wife/daughter

What is the ending of mark? there are three endings

mary magdalene and Mary the mother of jesus go to prepare the body for proper burial after the sabbath and the body is not there in the tomb: woman discover a messenger saying he isnt there and to meet him in galilee imperishable gospel sent out by jesus long ending ???

what are the gospels in canonical order? which ones are synpotic?

matthew, mark, luke, then john matthew mark luke are the synoptic gospels because they have similar writing styles

Luke: authorship? tradition? date? audience?

no claims in the text of author but tradition says that a physician named luke wasnt a jew wrote it and is said to have written the book of Acts as well Date: 85-90 Ce around time that could have access to mark Audience: gentile christians (non-jews)

Matthew: authorship? tradition? date? audience?

no information in text that identifies an author, tradition says that matthew and levi are the same person date: approx. 80-85 CE audience: jewish christians

what are palestinian jews

not homologous group of people

John: authorship? tradition? date? Audience?

not named in the text of an author, but tradition says it was John the apostle from the inner circle of apostles -date: in ephesus in the Asia Minor 90-100 CE which is where John the apostle lived in the end of his life. -audience: not stated, more towards everyone?

what happened to the land when herod the great died

they decided to break up the kingdom and separate it among his sons: archelaus (didnt last long) Herod antipas, and philip

how did people feel about jesus?

they didnt like him and wanted to destroy him, even the pharisees that normally are super welcoming and are super religious wanted to work with the herodians to try to figure out how to get rid of him

zealots

those who were willing to take up arms against the romans, like Mr. reese that was kind of hellish but meant well but werent afraid to fight

When did the public ministry of jesus start?

when john the baptist was imprisoned

what happened regarding the resurrection according to Luke?

women discover the tomb with empty, there was no galilee reference but there were some angels there, he appeared twice -1st- appears the women but they dont recognize him and think he is a guard, breaks bread and then tells them to goreport to the jerusalem followers. -2nd- appears in jerusalem to a gathered group, call to witness but wait to be empowered, takes them to bethany blesses them and then ascends into Heaven, the disciples go back to Jerusalem and begin to teach and bless the Lord in the temple

saducees

group of people that are wealthy in foreign domination (sanhedrin) like the staff is full of the administration, dominant in the temple

What did jesus do to cleanse the temple?

he saw that it was being used as a market place rather than a house of his father so he went in and flipped tables, made a huge scene and people got the idea

what is the order of the rulers of the roman empire?

herod the great, herod antipas (galilee), the political appointment of pontius pilate (judea)

How is the geneology different in luke than others?

it goes backwards, and it also goes all the way back to adam rather than stopping at abraham like normal

what are john's characteristics?

it is divided into two parts: The book of Signs, and the Book of Glory -known for the "I am" statements -has many miracles but they are referred to as signs that connect to experience of belief.

what was the common experience in the synagogue?

it was used as a place of meeting out in the diaspora there was no sacrificial system

what does antiochus epiphanes mean?

means "god's manifest"

Who denies Jesus three times?

peter and the cock crows after the third time

what does apostles mean?

sent out ones

what were the inner circle apostles?

simon (peter) james and john

What would people assume without John about the story of Jesus?

that from the baptism to cruicifixion was only one year time but with john we think its about three years.

Mark- authorship? tradition? date? and audience?

the author is not identified in the text but traidition is that a man named john mark wrote mark ( he was a disciple of peter in acts and one that deserts the mission when going to the asia minor, close friend with simon peter and wrote down things after he died) date: 70 CE/AD audience: gentile christians (non-jews) know this by the way he addresses things and explains things that would be common knowledge to jews

what is the synoptic problem?

the relationship of the gospels and how they relate and where the information comes from

What else happened in the seleucus period?

Antiochus Epiphanes outlawed circumcision and the sabbath

What does the new testament emphasize or about?

Christ, the Church, and consummation

When was the crucifixion of Jesus?

30 CE (or AD)

Who was the ruling people at the end of the Old Testament?

Persians

what are the gospel commonalities? (4)

1. Each gospel has a unique beginning 2. each utilizes john the baptist 3. each depicts the crucifixion of jesus (the journey there might be different and the description might differ as well) 4. each confirms the empty tomb and has a unique ending

Who are the three witnesses starting Jesus' ministry?

1. John the Baptist- Here is the lamb of god, son of God 2. Andrew to simon peter after hearing this we have found the messsiah 3. Philip to nathaniel we have found who was written about

What are mark characteristics?

1. emphasis on action- uses immediately 2. two geographical centers- galilee and journey to jerusalem and jerusalem 3. the messianic secret- jesus telling people not to talk about him or tell people about what he has done or where he is 4. faith struggles of apostles

What are Luke's characteristics?

-women play a more prominent role -prayer and the holy spirit -christianity as a lawful religion -God's compassion for outcasts/concerns for lowly -universal savior

what is the structure of Matthew?

-90% of mark is found in matthew -follows the narrative structure of mark -adds a birth narrative -inserts 5 teaching discourses into marks narrative -added resurrection appearances of jesus as the ending

What are the four voices in Luke that affirm Jesus' innocence?

-Pilate: said that if Herod had nothing to to put him to death for then he doesnt either -Herod Antipas: sent him back to pilate because he said nothing was wrong -crucified criminal: said that he was getting what he deserved but Jesus doesnt deserve to die like a criminal because it wasnt one. -centurion: says that this is an innocent person

Luke has two birth and coming of age announcements, what are they?

-announcement to zechariah and elizabeth about birth of son john the baptist by the angel gabriel -summary statement that he grew up in the wilderness and wasnt seen until we hear about him again -announcement to mary and joseph the birth and the census -summary statement- grew up like a normal boy but dont have much details about anything except for one time when he was 12 and his parens found him in the temple learning and listening about himself/God

what stories are only found in luke?

-good samaritan story -story of mary and martha at his feet learning like a male -the prodigal son -story of the ten lepers and only one comes back to thank jesus -the pharisee and the tax collector go to pray together -zakeius in the tree because he couldnt see jesus and he ends up going over to his house for dinner

What is just in Matthew that isnt in Mark?

-judas paid 30 pieces of silver -claims responding to use of the sword: angels and swords which means that he definitely has access to power that can creat violence but he chooses not to -death of judas -warning by pilates wife not to mess with jesus -earthquakes/tombs/witness of saints -the angel moves the tomb stone while the earth shakes

What is not in John that is in the synoptic gospels?

-no description of baptism or temptation -no birth narrative (just like Mark) -no exorcisms or teaching parables -no last supper breaking bread/wine description ritual -no agonizing prayer at gethsemane

what does the prologue consist of in luke?

-other accounts -authority-eyewitnesses -investigation -account for most excellent theophilus (God lover)

what questions are raised regarding jesus after this teaching/healing ministry begins?

-who gave you the authority to forgive? -is healing on the sabbath a violation of the sabbath? (raised questions about what was considered work) -who gave you the authority to teach and heal? -who gave you power to forgive? -why are you associating with tax collectors? -why not participate in the popular practices like john the baptist -relationship with beelzebel

When was the beginning of the greek domination?

332 BCE

When did israel go under the power of roman domination?

63 BCE

When was the temple destroyed

70 Ce or AD (66-73 was the first jewish revolt)

What was the time of the cricifixion?

9am to 3pm it was extremely dark at noon when he died to maximize the agony

what were the two important language changes at the time? and what were they used for?

from hebrew to greek- language of commerce and travel aramaic for the primary language

Who is barrabas? pontis pilate? simon of Cyrene?

barrabas was the criminal that was a choice between him and jesus of who should be released without punishment pilate- one who has the trial, washes his hands, choice between barrabas and jesus and asks crowd what to do with jesus simon was chosen to help jesus carry the cross

what did the baptism of jesus confirm? how was this confirmed?

confirmation of identity, by spirits ascending from heaven with dove and God's voice

what does the torn curtain of the temple represent?

death came as it was torn and the conclusion of the centurion