CLP3144: Chapter 6

ataque de nervois

a culturally accepted reaction to stress among Latinos that involves transient periods of loss of consciousness, convulsive movements, hyperactivity, assaultive behavior, and impulse acts

illness anxiety disorder

a diosrder in which people worry that they will develop or have serious illness but do not always experience severe physical symptoms

Korsakoff's syndrome

a more global retrograde amnesia in which people cannot remember much personal or general information for a period of several years or decades

functional neurological symptom disorder

a more neutral name instead of conversion disorder that doesn't presume a psychological cause

factitious disorder

a person deliberately fakes an illness specifically to gain medical attention and play the sick role

dissociation

a psychological process in which different parts of an individual's identity, memory, or consciousness split off from one another

protector personality

alter that offers advice to other personalities or perform functions the host personality is unable to perform (sexual relations or hiding from abusive parents)

persecutor personality

alters that inflict pain or punishment on the other personalities by engaging in self-mutilative behaviors

factitious disorder imposed on another

an individual falsifies illness in another

Munchhausen's syndrome

another name for factitious disorder

psychogenic amnesia

arises in the absence of any brain injury or disease and is thought to have psychological causes

behavioral treatments for somatic symptom disorders

attempt to determine the reinforcements individuals receive for their symptoms and health complaints and to eliminate theses reinforcements while increasing positive rewards for healthy behavior

organic amnesia

caused by brain injury resulting from disease, drugs, accidents, or surgery; involves the inability to remember new information

age group most affiliated with somatic symptom disorders

elderly

behavioral theories of conversion disorder

emphasize the role conversion symptoms play in alleviating distress by removing the individual from difficult environments and allowing him or her to avoid unwanted responsibilities or situations

pseudocyesis

false pregnancy

psychodynamic treatments for somatic symptom disorders

focus on providing insight into the connections between emotions and physical symptoms by helping people recall events and memories that may have triggered their symptoms

behavioral treatments of conversion disorder

focus on relieving the person's anxiety centered on the initial trauma that caused the conversion symptoms and on reducing any benefits the person is receiving from the conversion symptoms

psychoanalytic treatments for conversion disorder

focus on the expression of painful emotions and memories and on insight into the relationship between thee and the conversion symptoms

post traumatic stress disorder

frequent comorbidity with DID

depersonalization/derealization disorder

frequent episodes during which people feel detached from their own mental processes or body, as if they are outside observers of themselves

cognitive therapies for somatic symptom disorders

help people learn to interpret their physical symptoms appropriately and to avoid catastrophizing them

retrograde amnesia

inability to remember information from the past; rarely involves anterograde amnesia; can have both organic and psychogenic causes

anterograde amnesia

inability to remember new infomation

goal of treatment for DID

integrate all the alter personalities into one coherent personality and help the patient rebuild the capacity for trusting healthy relationships

conversion disorder

lose neurological functioning in a part of their bodies, apparently not due to medical causes

malingering

people fake a symptom or a disorder in order to avoid an unwanted situation

glove anesthesia

people lose all feeling in one hand as if they were wearing a glove that wiped out physical sensation

dissociative identity disorder

people who appear to have more than one distinct identity or personality state

primary gain

reduction in anxiety in conversion disorder

dissociate amnesia

significant periods of amnesia without assuming new personalities or identities

la belle indifference

soldiers who seemed unconcerned about their paralysis or blindness

five somatic symptom disorders

somatic symptom disorder, illness anxiety disorder, conversion disorder, factitious disorder, psychological factors affecting other medical conditions

neurological models of conversion disorder

symptoms arise when sensory or motor areas of the brain are impaired by anxiety

child alters

the most common type of alter

hidden observer

there is an active mode to consciousness; in its passive receptive mode, the conscious registers and stores info in memory without being aware that the info has been processed

freud's theories on conversion disorder

viewed conversion symptoms as the result of the transfer of the psychic energy attached to repressed emotions or memories to physical symptoms

secondary gain

when patients receive attention and concern from others and may be relieved of obligations and expectations

somatic symptom disorder

when people experience significant physical symptoms for which there is no apparent organic cause but seems to be the result of psychological factors; excessively concerned about their symptoms and spend a great deal of time worrying and seeking medical treatment