CM507 B Theories of Counseling and Psychotherapy

Which of these statements about interventions is true? a. It is helpful to use one type of intervention with most clients. b. During the course of an individual's therapy, different interventions may be needed at different times. c. It is best to require clients to adapt to your approach to counseling and the interventions that you are skilled at using. d. You should only use counseling interventions when you are certified or licensed.

During the course of an individual's therapy, different interventions may be needed at different times.

During an initial session, an adolescent girl tells you that she is pregnant and is considering an abortion. Which of the following would be the most ethical and professional course for you to follow? a. Encourage her to get the abortion as soon as possible, without exploring any other option. b. Steer her toward having her baby and then consider adoption for her baby. c. Suggest that she go to church and pray about her situation. d. Help her to clarify the range of her choices in light of her own values.

Help her to clarify the range of her choices in light of her own values.

Francesca, a cognitive-behavioral therapist, likes to give homework assignments to her clients. What might her rationale be for doing this? a. Homework can be a vehicle for assisting her clients in putting into action what they are learning in therapy. b. By assigning homework to her clients, she establishes her clear authority over them (as if she is their teacher). c. She is probably a novice therapist who is insecure about her skills; thus, by assigning homework, she may feel like she is being more productive. d. In order to be reimbursed by insurance companies, Francesca is required to give her clients homework assignments.

Homework can be a vehicle for assisting her clients in putting into action what they are learning in therapy.

Which of the following statements about theories or models of counseling/ psychotherapy is true? a. Extensive research has shown that certain popular models of psychotherapy are "wrong." b. There is a clear place for theoretical pluralism in our society. c. Accepting the validity of one model implies rejecting the validity of other models. d. Theoretical pluralism has been frowned on by several major professional organizations.

There is a clear place for theoretical pluralism in our society.

You are working with an ethnic minority client who is silent during the initial phase of counseling. This silence is probably best interpreted as: a. resistance. b. a manifestation of uncooperative behavior. c. . a response consistent with his or her cultural context. d. a clear sign that counseling will not work.

a response consistent with his or her cultural context.

It is especially important for counselors who work with culturally diverse client populations to: a. be aware of their own cultural heritage. b. have a broad base of counseling techniques that can be employed with flexibility. c. consider the cultural context of their clients in determining what interventions are appropriate. d. examine their own assumptions about cultural values. e. all of these

all of these

Personal therapy for therapists can be instrumental in assisting them: a. to heal their own psychological wounds. b. to gain an experiential sense of what it is like to be a client. to understand their own needs and motives c. for choosing to become professional helpers. d. to work through their own personal conflicts. e. all of these

all of these

What type of factors oftentimes limit our freedom of choice? a. social b. environmental c. cultural d. biological e. all of these

all of these

With regard to the role of counselors' personal values in therapy, it is appropriate for counselors to: teach and persuade clients to act the right way. a. maintain an indifferent, neutral, and passive b. role by simply listening to everything the client reports. c. challenging the values of clients. d. avoid the imposition of their values, yet expose their values to clients.

avoid the imposition of their values, yet expose their values to clients.

Culturally encapsulated counselors would be most likely to: a. depend entirely on their own internalized value assumptions about what is good for people. b. have an appreciation for a multicultural perspective in their counseling practice. c. recognize the cultural dimensions their clients bring to therapy. d. accept clients who have a different set of assumptions about life.

depend entirely on their own internalized value assumptions about what is good for people.

Which one of the following is not associated with the cognitive-behavioral action-oriented therapies? a. existential therapy b. cognitive therapy c. reality therapy d. behavior therapy e. rational emotive behavior therapy.

existential therapy

Which one of the following is not considered an experiential and relationship-oriented therapy? a. Gestalt therapy b. family systems therapy c. existential approach d. person-centered approached.

family systems therapy

A comprehensive approach to counseling: a. goes beyond focusing on our internal dynamics and addresses those environmental and systemic realities that influence us. b. focuses almost exclusively on the client's internal dynamics. c. focuses primarily on the therapist's internal reactions to the client's behavior. d. focuses only on systemic factors.

goes beyond focusing on our internal dynamics and addresses those environmental and systemic realities that influence us.

An authentic counselor is best described as: a. having the highest regard for all clients. b. being willing to be totally open and self-disclosing. c. being a technical expert who is committed to objectivity. d. being willing to shed stereotyped roles and being a real person.

having the highest regard for all clients.

Which humanistic approach emphasizes the basic attitudes of the therapist as the core of the therapeutic process? a. psychoanalytic therapy b. Adlerian therapy c. person-centered therapy d. cognitive-behavioral therapy e. family therapy

person-centered therapy

Effective psychotherapy is a practice in which: a. the therapist solves problems for clients. b. the therapist is merely a skilled technician. c. the client and therapist collaborate in co-constructing solutions to problems. d. the client is in complete control of the direction of the therapy.

the client and therapist collaborate in co-constructing solutions to problems.

Clients place more value on ________________than on ___________________. a. the personality of the therapist; the specific techniques used. b. the specific techniques used; the personality of the therapist. c. the therapist's theoretical orientation; the quality of the services being provided. d. the aesthetics of the therapeutic setting; the personality of the therapist.

the personality of the therapist; the specific techniques used.

Regarding psychotherapy treatment outcome, research suggests all of the following except: a. the therapist as a person is an integral part of successful treatment. b. the therapeutic relationship is an essential component of effective treatment. c. both the therapy methods and the therapy relationship make contributions to treatment outcome. d. therapy techniques are the key component of successful treatment

therapy techniques are the key component of successful treatment