Colorectal Cancer

The 85-year-old male client diagnosed with cancer of the colon asks the nurse, "Why did I get this cancer?" Which statement is the nurse's best response? 1. "Research shows a lack of fiber in the diet can cause colon cancer." 2. "It is not common to get colon cancer at your age; it is usually in young people." 3. "No one knows why anyone gets cancer, it just happens to certain people." 4. "Women usually get colon cancer more often than men but not always."

1. "Research shows a lack of fiber in the diet can cause colon cancer."

The nurse recognizes that which treatment strategy is beneficial for patients with stage I colorectal tumors? 1. Resection 2. Reanastomosis 3. Laparoscopic surgery 4. Chemotherapy

3. Laparoscopic surgery

The nurse is admitting a client to a medical floor with a diagnosis of adenocarcinoma of the rectosigmoid colon. Which assessment data support this diagnosis? 1. The client reports up to 20 bloody stools per day. 2. The client has a feeling of fullness after a heavy meal. 3. The client has diarrhea alternating with constipation. 4. The client complains of right lower quadrant pain.

3. The client has diarrhea alternating with constipation.

The client who has had an abdominal perineal resection is being discharged. Which discharge information should the nurse teach? 1. The stoma should be a white, blue, or purple color. 2. Limit ambulation to prevent the pouch from coming off. 3. Take pain medication when the pain level is at an "8." 4. Empty the pouch when it is one-third to one-half full.

4. Empty the pouch when it is one-third to one-half full.

A nurse teaching a community group about ways to reduce the risk for colorectal cancer includes decreasing the dietary intake of which food item? 1. Grains 2. Fruits 3. Vegetables 4. Red meat

4. Red meat

The nurse is preparing to hang a new bag of total parental nutrition for a client with an abdominal perineal resection. The bag has 1,500 mL of 50% dextrose, 10 mL of trace elements, 20 mL of multivitamins, 20 mL of potassium chloride, and 500 mL of lipids. The bag is to infuse over the next 24 hours. At what rate should the nurse set the pump?

85 mL/hr 1500+10+20+20+500=2050 mL 2050 mL/25 hr= 85

A patient reports a two-month history of dark, tarry stools and generalized weakness. The patient denies a history of taking iron pills. The nurse suspects gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding and anticipates that which diagnostic tests will be prescribed? SATA A. Cholangiography B. Virtual colonoscopy C. Abdominal ultrasound D. Fecal analysis test E. Video capsule endoscopy (VCE) F. CT scan

A. Cholangiography B. Virtual colonoscopy C. Abdominal ultrasound D. Fecal analysis test E. Video capsule endoscopy (VCE) F. CT scan

A nurse discusses chemotherapy treatment with a patient who has colon cancer. Which body system will the nurse tell the patient is the most susceptible to the side effects of antineoplastic drugs? A. Lymphatic B. Respiratory C. Bone marrow D. Cardiovascular

A. Lymphatic B. Respiratory C. Bone marrow D. Cardiovascular

Which finding indicates that a client is at an increased risk for colorectal cancer (CRC)? (SATA) A. Presence of dark, tarry stools B. Family history of polyposis C. 20-year history of ulcerative colitis D. Unintentional 20-pound weight loss E. Change in bowel pattern for 3 months

A. Presence of dark, tarry stools B. Family history of polyposis C. 20-year history of ulcerative colitis D. Unintentional 20-pound weight loss E. Change in bowel pattern for 3 months

Which information from a client's history would the nurse identify as risk factors for the development of colon cancer? (SATA) A. Hemorrhoids B. Increased age C. High-fiber diet D. Ulcerative colitis E. Low hemoglobin level

B. Increased age D. Ulcerative colitis

Which test is considered the best method for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening? 1. Colonoscopy 2. Barium enema 3. Sigmoidoscopy 4. Fecal occult blood test (FOBT)

Colonoscopy

The nurse caring for a client one (1) day postoperative sigmoid resection notes a moderate amount of dark reddish brown drainage on the midline abdominal incision. Which intervention should the nurse implement first? 1. Mark the drainage on the dressing with the time and date. 2. Change the dressing immediately using sterile technique. 3. Notify the health-care provider immediately. 4. Reinforce the dressing with a sterile gauze pad.

1. Mark the drainage on the dressing with the time and date.

The nurse is planning the care of a client who has had an abdominal-perineal resection for cancer of the colon. Which interventions should the nurse implement? Select all that apply. 1. Provide meticulous skin care to stoma. 2. Assess the flank incision. 3. Maintain the indwelling catheter. 4. Irrigate the JP drains every shift. 5. Position the client semirecumbent.

1. Provide meticulous skin care to stoma. 3. Maintain the indwelling catheter. 5. Position the client semirecumbent.

When reviewing the diagnostic reports of a patient with colorectal cancer, the nurse notes that the patient has a T2 classification based on the growth of the tumor into which area? 1. Through submucosa into muscularis propria 2. Beyond mucosa into the submucosa 3. Through the muscularis propria into the pericolorectal tissues 4. Completely through the colon or rectal wall and into nearby tissues or organs

1. Through submucosa into muscularis propria

The occupational health nurse is preparing a presentation to a group of factory workers about preventing colon cancer. Which information should be included in the presentation? 1. Wear a high-filtration mask when around chemicals. 2. Eat several servings of cruciferous vegetables daily. 3. Take a multiple vitamin every day. 4. Do not engage in high-risk sexual behaviors.

2. Eat several servings of cruciferous vegetables daily.

The client with a new colostomy is being discharged. Which statement made by the client indicates the need for further teaching? 1. "If I notice any skin breakdown, I will call the HCP." 2. "I should drink only liquids until the colostomy starts to work." 3. "I should not take a tub bath until the HCP okays it." 4. "I should not drive or lift more than five (5) pounds."

2. "I should drink only liquids until the colostomy starts to work."

The nurse provides care for a patient who is hospitalized with an abdominal mass. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is suspected. Which factor in the patient's history increases the risk for colorectal cancer? 1. Osteoarthritis 2. History of adenomatous polyps 3. History of lactose intolerance 4. Use of herbs as dietary supplements

2. History of adenomatous polyps

What patient is at greatest risk for developing colon polyps and colorectal cancer and should have a screening colonoscopy every three to four years? A. A patient with acromegaly B. A patient with prolactinomas C. A patient with hypopituitarism D. A patient with pituitary infarctions

A. A patient with acromegaly B. A patient with prolactinomas C. A patient with hypopituitarism D. A patient with pituitary infarctions

Two health care providers certified a patient's prognosis as terminal, with less than six months to live, secondary to colon cancer. Which rationale did the manager base the decision to report the patient as not eligible to receive hospice care? A. The patient does not agree to enrollment and receiving hospice care B. The patient is not covered under Medicare or Medicaid for hospice care C. Hospice nurses did not receive training to provide terminal-stage cancer care D. The hospice care center does not provide service 24 hours a day, seven days a week

A. The patient does not agree to enrollment and receiving hospice care B. The patient is not covered under Medicare or Medicaid for hospice care C. Hospice nurses did not receive training to provide terminal-stage cancer care D. The hospice care center does not provide service 24 hours a day, seven days a week

The nurse is administering a vesicant chemotherapy agent to a patient who has colon cancer. The IV site is red and swollen, and the patient reports that it is painful. Which action would the nurse take first? A. Turn off the infusion B. Document the findings C. Check the patient's vital signs D. Notify the HCP

A. Turn off the infusion B. Document the findings C. Check the patient's vital signs D. Notify the HCP

A patient with suspected colon cancer is scheduled for diagnostic testing. The nurse reviews the patient's history and identifies that the patient may experience difficulty with tolerating sedation. Which diagnostic test is appropriate for this patient? A. Virtual colonoscopy B. Conventional colonoscopy C. Lower gastrointestinal (GI) series examination D. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)

A. Virtual colonoscopy B. Conventional colonoscopy C. Lower gastrointestinal (GI) series examination D. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)