Communications Final Ch. 1-,2,4 (pt 1)

The HEXACO model includes six dimensions of human personality: Honesty-Humility, Emotionality, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, and Openness to Experience

true

Emotions can best be described as ____

feeling that we experienced

Social categories are not often based on characteristics such as race, ethnicity, class and gender. You can find yourself over categorizing and that is called stereotyping

false

The ego is composed of the basic biological drives that motivate and individual.

false

The primary effect will have no influence on the potential of a relationship

false

Of the "The Big Five" personality factors, which trait can be best described as careful versus careless?

Conscientiousness

_____ are designed to help us escape the pain of anxiety

Defense mechanisms

The single cause of shyness has been associated with disciplinary techniques of parents/caregivers in a child' s first five years of life

false

The Johari Window includes the following panels:

Open, Hidden, Blind and Unknown

_________ occurs when the first impression carries more weight than subsequent information.

Primacy effect

_______ occurs when a person's expectations of an event makes the outcome more likely to happen than would otherwise have been true.

Self-fulfilling prophecy

____________ describes the way we perceive, evaluate, categorize, and form judgements about the qualities of people encounter.

Social perception

Shyness is related to anxiety, discomfort, and inhibition

true

We gather information about our "self-image" through the following means ____

a & c; significant others, social comparison

The "The Big Five" personality factors include openness to experience, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism.

true

Most psychologists feel that self-image is __

acquired

Which one of the following statements about emotions is true?

all of the above are correct; It is possible to experience several different emotions at the same time, Emotions can be facilitative or debilitative, Emotions can differ in intensity and duration

Social ties provides us with:

all of the above; a feeling of belonging, a feeling of being a part of a group, a sense of identity

Four of the eight tips of interpersonal communications and relationship building are:

all of the above; assume the best intentions of the other person, understand the other persons perspective in the situation, truly listen and ask ?'s to learn more, share your perspective in the situation

Our self-image is primarily formed ____

all of the above; by how our parents treat us and react to us, by what "significant others" say to us, by our perceptions and interpretations of how other people treat us

In the attribution process

all of the above; we judge a person's personality by how they act, without considering the situation and context involved, we attributed action to personality characteristics, we believe people do as their nature commands

Three steps in overcoming shyness are:

analyze your shyness, build your self-esteem, improve your social skills

An unpleasant, threatening feeling that something bad is about to happen is a definition of ___

anxiety

Mixed emotions are those emotions which:

are combined feelings from the primary emotions

The talking out of our feelings, problems, and thoughts for the purpose of relieving ourselves of stresses and anxieties is called:

catharsis

All of the above are common characteristics of human emotions except:

disguised motivations

In cultures ___ are norms about when, where and how much we should show emotions.

display rules

Excessive emotions are said to be debilitative, and mild emotions are said to be ___

facilitative

A self-fulfilling prophecy occurs when a person's expectation of an event or person causes the opposite to occur.

false

Being angry does not make you more vulnerable to other negative emotions.

false

Being prejudiced and stereotyping is the same thing

false

Building self-esteem has nothing to do with improving your social skills

false

Developing perceptual awareness is unrelated to developing relationships with others

false

Discrimination, does not involve negative behavior (unfair treatment) toward members of a group

false

Fear and anxiety are not related

false

First impression are easily overcome by new information

false

It is a good idea to avoid communication and relationships with individuals from other cultures in an effort to avoid conflict or misunderstanding

false

It is unlikely that we will experience health problems and difficulty with relationships if we ignore or fail to deal with anger

false

Loving someone may mean that we have to protect them from experiencing the consequences of their choices

false

Males are unable to be as communicative as females

false

Men are more likely than women to express positive emotions like love, liking, joy, and contentment.

false

Negative self-talk, such as "you're so stupid!" has no influence on our self-esteem

false

Positive stereotypes are helpful when developing relationships as it encourages us to think well of others

false

Self-awareness is not necessary in order to fully understand others

false

More important than getting to know others is:

getting to know yourself

According to your text, before we can engage in self-disclosure, there must be an atmosphere of:

goodwill and trust

According to the text, to become acquainted requires all of the following except:

having a high level of self-esteem

The ___ is present at birth and remains an active force throughout our life.

id

According to Adler, personality arises from our attempts to overcome or compensate for fundamental feelings of ____

inadequacy

All of the following are consequences of shyness discussed in Chapter 1 except:

increased self-disclosure

Which stage of Erikson's Psychosocial Development does the following describe? During the ages of 3-5, the child moves from simple self-control to an ability to take control. this is a questioning and exploring stage when a child wants to try anything and everything

initiative vs. guilt

Emotions begin to have negative effects when they are viewed as being excessive in ___

intensity and duration

According to Gary Emery, four of the basic emotions are

mad, sad, glad, scared

All of the following are included in Dr. Nathaniel Branden's recommendations for building self-esteem except ___

personal space

Self-affirmations refer to ____

positive self-statements or self-talk

_______ is when we prejudge a person or group of people prior to having all known information and facts.

prejudice

Contemporary psychologists often use traits to describe personal characteristics of individuals. Which of the following is NOT one of the "Big Five" Personality Factors?

psychotic

The revealing of the inner-self is called:

self-disclosure

_________ involves feelings, physical reactions, and thoughts that create a state of anxiety, discomfort, and inhibition.

shyness

Self-disclosure skills are important to relationships for all of the following reasons except:

social control

Adler argued that the foremost human drive is ___

striving for superiority

According to your author, by making mistakes you _____

take more risks, stretch, grow, and enjoy life more

Freud's theory states that a person's personality is made up of three distinct but interrelated parts; these three parts are ___

the id, the ego, the superego

The major difference between shy people and non-shy people is:

their self-evaluation

A main characteristic of emotional states is that they involve physiological changes

true

Accepting and learning to handle and express emotions is a mark of maturity

true

Anger most often begins with a loss or the threat of a loss

true

Anxiety can be positive, helping us to get energized and to deliver our best

true

Behavioral expressions are felt internally and often lead to observable expressions

true

Being aware of how we are reacting to others is necessary when becoming acquainted with others

true

Catharsis is a release of emotional tension that can be achieved through sharing and self-disclosure with others

true

Cyber bullying highlighting the importance of increased support for vulnerable students

true

Emotional responses and expression are learned

true

Emotional ties and social support are important during life transitions and difficult times as well as when things are going well

true

Emotions may function as motives

true

Guilt is the realization of sorrow over having done something morally, socially, or ethically wrong

true

Loneliness is one of the most serious problems in our society today

true

On-line social networking experience can give shy kids an easier experience building relationships, by speaking through a keyboard instead of a person. The Internet and World Wide Web are conduits for the shy to interact with others; electronic communication removes many of the barriers that inhibit shy people

true

Our self-image is affected by al the experiences we have had

true

People who share their ideas, interests, experiences, expectations, and feelings with others are more likely to have more friends and develop long lasting relationships easier than those who do not

true

People's attractiveness is unrelated to their self-esteem

true

Research has not supported that the more a couple is willing to disclose about themselves, the greater the relationship satisfaction

true

Research has shown that people think that personal relationships are more meaningful to their lives than any other single factor including money, career, and religion

true

Self-actualization can best be describe as being all that one can be.

true

Self-disclosure is important in relationships and should be regulated according to the nature and intensity of the relationship

true

Self-disclosure online-needs to be maintained because you can create a false sense of security

true

Self-esteem is improved by positive self talk.

true

The Johari window exercise demonstrates what we know about ourselves and share with others, what we are unaware of about ourselves yet others see, what is unknown to ourselves and others about us, and what we know about ourselves but others are unaware of

true

The illusion is that the cyber environment is safer than real life and connecting to people online is safer than them in person

true

The process of acquiring a sense of self evolves from our experiences and interactions with others within the environment.

true

Youth who experience social and emotional bullying, and youth who experience all forms of social and physical bullying, (including being bullied by being called gay, lesbian, or queer) are at a high risk of experiencing all forms of bullying behavior

true

All of the following are strategies to improve self-esteem except:

using your defense mechanisms

The Johari Window represents all but one of the following:

what we know about ourselves and others