Consumer Behavior midterm

Quaker Oats contains zero milligrams of sodium. This is an example of what type of belief? A) feature belief B) dominant belief C) inherent belief D) benefit belief E) conspicuous belief

A) feature belief

Perception is a process that begins with consumer exposure and attention to marketing stimuli and ends with consumer_________. A) interpretation B) behavior C) action D) attitudes E) acceptance

A) interpretation

The energizing force that activates behavior and provides purpose and direction to that behavior is known as __________. A) Motivation B) perception C) emotion D) personality E) needs

A) motivation

In Maslow's hierarchy of needs, food, water, sleep, and to an extent, sex, are considered _____ motives. A) physiological B) belongingness C) esteem D) safety E) self-actualization

A) physiological

Which of the following is NOT considered a stimulus factor affecting attention? A) position B) isolation C) size D) intensity E) clutter

A) position

Which type of group's presumed perspectives or values are being used by an individual as the bases for his or her current behavior? A) reference group B) community group C) modeling group D) cohort group E) generation group

A) reference group

Which of the following was the source of the most immigrants into the United States in 2009? A) Europe B) Latin America C) Africa D) Asia E) Mexico

B) Latin America

which type of group includes organizations such as professional associations and neighborhood associations that involve relatively weak ties and less frequent interaction among its members? A) primary group B) secondary group C) work group D) cohort group E) tertiary group

B) secondary group

____ are widely held beliefs that affirm what is desirable. A. Norms B. Cultural values C. Precepts D. Prescriptions E. Orientations

B. Cultural values

Marketers must promote _____ rather than _____, especially for less knowledgeable consumers and for complex products. A) consistency, inconsistency B) benefits, features C) features, benefits D) benefits, avoidance E) features, contents

C) benefits, features

groups with negative desirability are referred to as A) aspiration reference groups B) Primary reference groups C) dissociative reference groups D) unattractive reference groups E) secondary reference groups

C) dissociative reference groups

Strong, relatively uncontrollable feelings that affect our behavior are known as __________. A) perceptions B) motivations C) personality C) emotions D) needs

C) emotions

Which of the following is the largest ethnic subculture in the United States? A) Native American B) African American C) Hispanic D) Caribbean E) Asian

C) hispanic

________ represents the number of cues in the stimulus field. A) interestingness B) Contrast C) information quantity D) Size/Intensity E) expectations

C) information quantity

which type of group includes family and friends and involves strong ties and frequent interaction? A) secondary group B)reference group C) primary group D) consumer group E) intimate group

C) primary group

Which of the following is one of the defining characteristics of American society? A. aversion to change B. collectivism C. individualism D. extended family E. status

C. individualism

A learned prediction to respond in a consistently favorable or unfavorable manner with respect to a given object is known as a(n)____________ A) belief B) emotion C) attribute D) attitude E) cognition

D) attitude

___________ occurs when a stimulus is placed within a person's relevant environment and comes within range of their sensory receptor nerves A) attention B) Interpretation C) Perception D) Exposure E) Perceptual Offense

D) exposure

Program-length commercials with an 800 number and/or Web Address through which to order or request additional information are known as________. A) direct-to-consumer advertisements B) Product Placement C) advertorials D) infomercials E) infotorials

D) infomercials

Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding subcultures in the United States? A) Generations also function like subcultures. B)There are very large variations within each subculture. C)The degree to which an individual behaves in a manner unique to a subculture depends on the extent to which the individual identifies with that subculture. D)Religious groups are the most commonly described subcultures. E) We are all members of several subcultures

D)Religious groups are the most commonly

Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding cross-cultural marketing? A. Marketing across cultural boundaries is a difficult and challenging task. B. Increasingly, globalization means mutual influence as products, brands, cultures, and values move back and forth across the world. C. There are both subtle and direct ethical issues involved in international marketing. D. While marketing strategy is heavily influenced by cultural factors, it does not influence aspects of cultures. E. Cultures may differ in demographics, languages, nonverbal communications, and values.

D. While marketing strategy is heavily influenced by cultural factors, it does not influence aspects of cultures.

Which of the following are bases for subcultures in the United States? A) generations B)geographic areas C)religions D)ethnic groups E)all of the above

E) all of the above

____ subcultures are defined as those whose members' unique shared behaviors are based on a common racial, language, or national background. A) Geographic B) Religious C) Racial D) Gender E) Ethnic

E) ethnic

Which construct represents an unobservable inner force that stimulates and compels a behavioral response and provides specific direction to that response? A) emotion B) feeling C) personality D) perception E) motive

E) motive

The rise of social media has A. shifted power from marketers to consumers. B. helped to strengthen the shift of power from consumers to marketers. C. helped give rise to the development of online crowd seeking. D. helped marketers like CVS listen and adapt to consumers in real time. E. A and D

E. A and D

In the United States, promptness is considered a virtue. Americans are expected to be on time to an event, and they expect others to do so as well. Which aspect of culture best explains this behavior? A. Culture is a simple concept. B. Culture is something one is born with. C. Culture is unique to each individual in a society. D. Culture is time-bound. E. Culture is acquired, that is, it is learned.

E. Culture is acquired, that is, it is learned.

Which of the following is a traditional American value? A. youth B. competition C. active D. hard work E. all of the above

E. all of the above

Which criteria is used to classify groups? A) type of contact B) membership C) attraction D) strength of social tie E) all of the above

all of the above

_____ is the study of individuals, groups, or organizations and the processes they use to select, secure, use, and dispose of products, services, experiences, or ideas to satisfy needs and the impacts that these processes have on the consumer and society. A. Marketing B. Consumer behavior C. Psychographics D. Demographics E. Psychology

consumer behavior

_____ is the complex whole that includes knowledge, belief, art, law, morals, customs, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by humans as members of society. A. Reference group B. Government C. Culture D. Authority E. Gestalt

culture

The difference between all the benefits derived from a total product and all the costs of acquiring those benefits is known as _____. A. price B. position C. consumer behavior D. customer value E. equity

customer value

3. _____ is the application of marketing strategies and tactics to alter or create behaviors that have a positive effect on the targeted individuals or society as a whole. A. Social marketing B. Consumer behavior C. Regulation D. Proactive marketing E. Ethical marketing

social marketing