Creativity Exam 1

The first problem finding studies of the creative process were

Examining the work of fine art painters

Csikszentmihalyi tracked down 31 of the artists and found all had been equally successful in their careers.

False

Dr. Guilford proposed that divergent production involved four abilities which are........

Fluency, flexibility, originality, elaboration

Which of the following are true of creativity?

Guilford's 1950 APA address jumpstarted the modern era Creativity turned from cold war focus to individual expression

Many creativity beliefs associated with the Western cultural model are more consistent with

Idealist theory model

To be effective, the evaluation stage requires the creator to draw on significant domain expertise. They must ask questions like....

Is this an idea someone else has already had? Is the insight interesting but trivial? How can this insight be connected to other work going on in the domain?

Incubation is the mental process of absorbing new information

Is unguided and unconscious It searches for new and appropriate combinations

Which of the following is NOT true of the Kirton Adaptive Inventory (KAI)

KAI scores are skewed to adaptors

What do we know about the relationship between generating and evaluating ideas?

Most creativity studies have revealed creative people are good at critical evaluating many ideas and selecting the best one. Creativity is enhanced by a close relationship between divergent and convergent thinking Real-world creativity requires both idea generation and critical evaluation abilities.

Idealist theorists argue...

Once you have creative idea the process is done Doesn't matter if anyone else sees it

Action theorists believe the following... indicate which one is NOT true.

Once you start executing an idea it works out as expected

Creativity Myths

Only special geniuses are creative- This myth has been proven wrong by decades of research in cognitive psychology. We learned that creative processes are based on the same mental processes that every human holds. Creativity is found only in the arts- Creativity is required in all walks of life, not only in painting and poetry. And creativity is also important in everyday life — in everyday small talk, parenting, teaching, and being a good friend (Sawyer, 2001a ). Creativity is found only in crazy people- The myth of the madness of creativity is incredibly resilient, despite decades of research debunking any connection

Four P Framework

Product Person Press Process

Productivity theory states that the best way to have a good idea is to have lots of ideas. Which of the following are true?

Quantitative research supports the theory Simonton found strong relationship between productivity and significant creations The productivity theory seems to defy common sense

Press

Research that focuses on the external forces or "pressures" acting on the creative person or process, such as the social and cultural context.

Product

Research that focuses on the products judged to be novel and appropriate by the relevant social group. Is almost always defined and evaluated using a sociocultural definition.

Person

Research that studies the personality traits or personality types associated with creativity.

Process

Research that studies the steps involved during creative work or creative thought.

Acquisition of knowledge is key to the creative process. Creativity researchers have discovered the following to be true.

Takes 10 years of study in a domain prior to a breakthrough 10-year delay is evidence of the importance of learning the domain language and conventions People who reach the top of their profession spend time in deliberate practice

Which of the following are broad personality factors identified by Amabile's research?

Task-motivation Creativity-relevant processes Domain-relevant skills

The consensus among psychoanalytic psychologists has been that

The creative person manages a sophisticated balance between primary and secondary process thinking

In general, people mostly agree when they rate the creativity of others

True

Insight problems are very different from non-insight problems.

True

The ability to accurately judge the creative potential of an idea is optional to being an effective creator.

True

The most basic creative process model is a two-step model called the balloon.

True

What are the ways to study personality?

Types and Traits

Many creative advances have resulted from combinations. Which of the following explains why?

When hard at work on one project the other projects are incubating Incubation brings together ideas from multiple projects

Which of the following are representative self-report creativity questionnaires?

a. Creative Achievement Questionnaire (CAQ) b. Runco Ideational Behavior Scale c. Lifetime Creativity Scale

Which of the following are construct validity measures?

a. face validity b. convergent validity c. discriminant validity

Contrary to the Western cultural creativity model, implementation activities..

actively contribute to creativity

According to Gestaltists insight problems are hard because...

because they lead one to fixate on an incorrect solution

The Remote Associates Test is designed to __________________.

combine combinations of two very different concepts

Mental structures and processes psychologists study - like motivation, personality traits, etc. cannot be seen directly. To study these hypothesized unobservable entities called ____________ are created.

constructs

After ideas are generated it's important to exercise the critical thinking process called ___________

convergent thinking

The cognitive approach suggests the more creative individuals are those who....

develop and use alternate understandings identify facts inconsistent with these understandings apply multiple understandings while solving a problem

Which of the following cognitive abilities were found to be useful in solving insight problems?

divergent thinking convergent thinking breaking frame

J.P. Guilford first proposed the concept of divergent thinking. Which of the following is NOT one of his five proposed operations of the concept?

elaboration

The final stage of the creative process is where the creator takes the raw insight and molds it into a complete product. This is called ____________.

externalizing the idea

When a person gets stuck in one of the classic insight experience stages it is called .......

fixation/impasse

Sociodrama pretend play, like all play has the following characteristics

it's intrinsically motivated and self-directed It's free from externally imposed rules involves positive affect

Which of the following are forms of creative research reliability?

stability, internal consistency, Inter-rater reliability

There are many ways to assess creativity and these are different for art, science, and entertainment. These measures represent a collective judgment by a large number of people in.....

the creative domain

Gestaltist argue that with creative insight

the mind doesn't incrementally get closer to the solution Insight happens all at once There is a total restructuring of thought

All psychological tests and measures should fall into two broad categories. These are ........

validity and reliability

Place the classic insight experience stages below in the proper order.

1. A person gets stuck 2. Person must reinterpret the problem and apply a new conceptual framework 3. Solver experiences solution as sudden and surprising

Decades of creativity research reveals...

A large number of personality characteristics Creators seem to combine many different traits and abilities

Studies have found that the most important characteristic of creative people is

Ability to recognize a good problem in their domain

A paracosm is

An imaginary world, an elaborate form of fantasy play

Measures of exceptional creativity are designed for sociocultural definition of ______ creativity, but we need a creativity test that works for everyone ______.

Big-C, Little c

After the 1960's and 1970's, creativity research shifted to Cognitive Psychology. Which of the following are true of this new process?

Cognitive psychologists analyze mental processes New focus examines representational structures of the mind

Karl Duncker was a German Gestaltist and he believed.....

Created 20 ingenious puzzles that couldn't be solved by incremental association identified a series of typical series of stages

A good measure for everyday "little-c" creativity is the ______________________.

Creative Assessment Test (CAT)

The consensus view of creativity research regarding insight is

Creativity rarely comes fully formed in a magical moment of insight daily work of a creator is filled with small moments of insight Every so often a creator will have a subjective experience of a moment of insight

Psychologists have been studying the creative process for decades, they have observed.

Creativity tends to occur in a sequence of stages There are varying number of stages The various stages are built on a 2-stage model

When comparing two concepts where their properties aren't true, their properties are called ________.

Emergent attributes