DAC 105 Dental Radiology wk 1

Insulating oil & Aluminum filter

Reduces heat from the target

ALARA concept includes:

Reducing # of exposure, minimizing retakes, keeping exposure levels as low as possible

lead collimator

Restricts the size and shape of the primary beam, reduces the amount of radiation to the patient, Measures about 2.75 inches

Parent or relative of the patient

Should hold film if patient is unable to do so

After the patient is seated

Sterilized instruments should be removed from the package

National Council on Radiation protection and Measurements

The council that determines that radiation effects and levels tolerable for humans

Shorter the wavelength of the x-ray

The greater thier energy and their usefulness

Focal spot

The location where x-rays are produced in the x-ray tube

Maintain the freshness of the processing solutions

The most critical component in the film processing quality control

Cathode

The portion of the x-ray machine that supplies the electrons to produce x-rays. The negative pole

Disclosure

The process of information that informs the patient about the nature and the purpose of dental imaging is termed.

Contrast

The range of shade of gray between blackand white on an image

Smaller film crystal size

The sharpness of a radiographic image can be improved by

Radiopaque

Thick structure that appears light on a film

Radiolucent

Thin structure that appears dark on a film

Small lymphocytes

Tissue that has the highest radiation sensitivity

Explain to the patient the importance of dental imaging, Document that the patient refused xrays

What to do if a patient refuses dental xrays

Bone loss in its early stages

dental images detect

Responsible for the overall quality assurance in the dental practice

dentist

Dentist and assistant

legally responsible for the dental assistant actions

Secondary radiation

radiation that is created when the primary beam interacts with matter

Developer is weak

radiograph is lighter than the reference radiograph indicates

X-ray tube

the heart of the x-ray generating system

5 rem per year

the maximum permissible dose for an occupational worker for an individual 18 years of age or older

Low contrast

the xray has an overall gray apperance

Quality control fro the darkroom should include:

Ccecking for the light leaks every 6 months, safelight testing, equiptment testing

Milliampere (Ma) second

Controls degree of density or blackness on an image is

Gentic cells

Damage to whick type of cell is passed on to future generations

Number, type, quality

Dental records must contain documentation of

Edmund Kells

Dentist who is credited with the first practical use of radiographs in dentistry 1896

Reference image and stepwedge image

Developer strength can be checked by

Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen

Discovered x-rays on November 8, 1895

Cataracts, Leukemia, cancer

Example of cumulative radiation exposure

Consumer- Patient radiation Health and Safety Act

Federal law that requires persons who use x-rays to take dental images to be properly trained, persons who use x-rays to take dental images to be certified

Administration procedures, control test

Quality assurance is a way of ensuring that everything possible is being done to produce high-quality diagnostic images and includes quality

Sight of patient and personel

Radiation hazard signs must be posted

Must be used on all patients

A lead apron and thyroid collar

Primary radiation

Also called useful beam, The beam of x-ray that comes from the target

Matter

Anything that occupies space and has a form or shape

Fast film or digital imaging

Good techniques to reduce radiation to the patient

When the exposure button is engaged the following occurs

High-voltage circuit is activated, kilovolts drive the electrons to the target, electrons slam against the target producing the x-ray

Reduce the exposure time and MA

If a patient is small and petite, to get the same density radiograph it is best to reduce the following

less sensitive to x-rays and therefore not considered a critical organ

Muscle

Exposure to radiation

No matter how small, has the potential to cause harmful biological changes

Erythema

One of the earliest signs of overexposure to x-ray

Anode

Positive pole