DAC 105 Dental Radiology wk 1
Insulating oil & Aluminum filter
Reduces heat from the target
ALARA concept includes:
Reducing # of exposure, minimizing retakes, keeping exposure levels as low as possible
lead collimator
Restricts the size and shape of the primary beam, reduces the amount of radiation to the patient, Measures about 2.75 inches
Parent or relative of the patient
Should hold film if patient is unable to do so
After the patient is seated
Sterilized instruments should be removed from the package
National Council on Radiation protection and Measurements
The council that determines that radiation effects and levels tolerable for humans
Shorter the wavelength of the x-ray
The greater thier energy and their usefulness
Focal spot
The location where x-rays are produced in the x-ray tube
Maintain the freshness of the processing solutions
The most critical component in the film processing quality control
Cathode
The portion of the x-ray machine that supplies the electrons to produce x-rays. The negative pole
Disclosure
The process of information that informs the patient about the nature and the purpose of dental imaging is termed.
Contrast
The range of shade of gray between blackand white on an image
Smaller film crystal size
The sharpness of a radiographic image can be improved by
Radiopaque
Thick structure that appears light on a film
Radiolucent
Thin structure that appears dark on a film
Small lymphocytes
Tissue that has the highest radiation sensitivity
Explain to the patient the importance of dental imaging, Document that the patient refused xrays
What to do if a patient refuses dental xrays
Bone loss in its early stages
dental images detect
Responsible for the overall quality assurance in the dental practice
dentist
Dentist and assistant
legally responsible for the dental assistant actions
Secondary radiation
radiation that is created when the primary beam interacts with matter
Developer is weak
radiograph is lighter than the reference radiograph indicates
X-ray tube
the heart of the x-ray generating system
5 rem per year
the maximum permissible dose for an occupational worker for an individual 18 years of age or older
Low contrast
the xray has an overall gray apperance
Quality control fro the darkroom should include:
Ccecking for the light leaks every 6 months, safelight testing, equiptment testing
Milliampere (Ma) second
Controls degree of density or blackness on an image is
Gentic cells
Damage to whick type of cell is passed on to future generations
Number, type, quality
Dental records must contain documentation of
Edmund Kells
Dentist who is credited with the first practical use of radiographs in dentistry 1896
Reference image and stepwedge image
Developer strength can be checked by
Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen
Discovered x-rays on November 8, 1895
Cataracts, Leukemia, cancer
Example of cumulative radiation exposure
Consumer- Patient radiation Health and Safety Act
Federal law that requires persons who use x-rays to take dental images to be properly trained, persons who use x-rays to take dental images to be certified
Administration procedures, control test
Quality assurance is a way of ensuring that everything possible is being done to produce high-quality diagnostic images and includes quality
Sight of patient and personel
Radiation hazard signs must be posted
Must be used on all patients
A lead apron and thyroid collar
Primary radiation
Also called useful beam, The beam of x-ray that comes from the target
Matter
Anything that occupies space and has a form or shape
Fast film or digital imaging
Good techniques to reduce radiation to the patient
When the exposure button is engaged the following occurs
High-voltage circuit is activated, kilovolts drive the electrons to the target, electrons slam against the target producing the x-ray
Reduce the exposure time and MA
If a patient is small and petite, to get the same density radiograph it is best to reduce the following
less sensitive to x-rays and therefore not considered a critical organ
Muscle
Exposure to radiation
No matter how small, has the potential to cause harmful biological changes
Erythema
One of the earliest signs of overexposure to x-ray
Anode
Positive pole