Democratic Ideas in the Enlightenment Unit Test 100%

Which statement best characterizes the ideas of Voltaire?

Government should be separate from religion.

Why did James I quarrel with Parliament?

He believed in the divine right of kings.

Which of the king's actions prompted nobles to force the king to sign the Magna Carta? Check all that apply.

He raised taxes to pay for wars. He took rights from the nobility. He was tyrannical.

What did Oliver Cromwell do after he became Lord Protector?

He ruled as a military dictator.

What happened to Charles I?

He was tried and executed

The Magna Carta had what effect on English monarchs?

It said that monarchs had to respect certain basic rights of citizens.

What was so "glorious" about the Glorious Revolution?

It set a precedent for monarchs sharing power with Parliament.

Why was the Petition of Right (1628) of such importance?

It stated that the law was higher than the king.

The Magna Carta was created during the reign of

John

Read the speech James I made to Parliament in 1609. The state of monarchy is the supremest thing upon earth, for kings are not only God's lieutenants upon earth and sit upon God's throne, but even by God himself they are called gods. . . . [Y]ou do not meddle with the main points of government; that is my craft . . . to meddle with that were to lessen me. What argument was the king making?

Kings are God's representatives on Earth, and they should not be challenged.

Of what relevance are the Glorious Revolution and the English Bill of Rights to government in the United States?

Many of the ideas concerning separation of powers and protection of rights were implemented in the United States.

Why was James II's support of Catholicism and Catholic leaders an issue?

Most parliamentarians were Protestant in faith.

Which of these best describes Oliver Cromwell?

Oliver Cromwell was an enemy of the king.

Which statement best characterizes the ideas of Thomas Hobbes?

People are naturally selfish and violent.

How did the events of the Reformation affect the Enlightenment?

People challenged religious institutions during the Reformation, which led them to challenge governmental authority during the Enlightenment

How did Rousseau differ from Voltaire?

Rousseau argued against inequality among the classes, while Voltaire argued for freedom of speech and religion.

Which describes the Petition of Right relative to the Magna Carta?

The Petition of Right reinforces the Magna Carta.

What, in general, was the relationship between Parliament and kings Charles II and James II?

The kings continued to challenge Parliament's authority.

Which best describes the significance of free-speech rights granted to members of Parliament by the Bill of Rights?

These rights allowed Parliament to oppose the monarch's position.

Who created the concept of a social contract?

Thomas Hobbes

What event precipitated the English Civil War?

a rebellion in Scotland

In the 1700s, an effect of the Enlightenment was

a rise in support for representative government

Parliament created the Petition of Right over concerns about the monarch's

absolutism

Enlightenment thinkers rejected the concept of

absolutism.

Parliament invited William and Mary to take the English throne on the condition that they

accept Parliament's limits on their power.

The social contract theory states that

citizens give up some liberties to government in exchange for protection of their self-interests.

After Charles I became king, tensions increased when he

dissolved Parliament when members refused to give him funds.

Compared to other monarchs in Europe, kings and queens in England before 1600 were

less powerful

The Petition of Right confirmed the supremacy of law over the

monarch

The Magna Carta placed limits on the government and indicated that the monarch

must obey the law.

Which key concept did Charles I agree to in the Petition of Right (1628)?

no taxation without representation

Which best describes the aim of the Petition of Right?

protecting citizens

Which rights for citizens did the English Bill of Rights support? Check all that apply.

protection from cruel punishment the right to bear arms the right to trial by jury

A political effect of the Enlightenment was that

some monarchs embraced new ideas from the movement.

Both the Magna Carta and the Petition of Right addressed issues related to

taxation.

Which movement happened last in Europe?

the Enlightenment

What key power did the British Parliament hold by 1600?

the power to tax