Developmental Psych CH 8

what are some of the finding of the Seattle Longitudinal Study?

-Middle-age men and women showed similar levels of peak performance in most cognitive abilities. -Four of the six intellectual abilities assessed reached their highest level of functioning middle adulthood. -Number ability decreased in middle age.

According to a recent review of the research on early interventions, which early interventions have been shown to be effective in increasing a child's IQ?

-Providing education to low-income parents on how to be better teachers -Attendance in high-quality center-based child care programs

On average, African American schoolchildren in the United States score ______ points lower on standardized intelligence tests than non-Latino White schoolchildren.

10 to 15

People whose mental age is the same as their chronological age have an IQ of ____.

100

People who are gifted have above-average intelligence which equates to an IQ of _______ or higher.

130

Age of Administration to the corresponding Wechsler Intelligence Scale

2.5 years to 7.25 years = Wechsler preschool and primary scale of intelligence (WPPSI-III) 6 to 16 years of age = Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WPPSI-IV) 16 years and up = Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS-III)

_________is a technique in which individuals are encouraged to come up with creative ideas in a group, play off each other's ideas, and say practically whatever comes to mind.

Brainstorming

The Bayley-III includes which of the following scales?

Cognitive, motor, language, adaptive, socio-emotional

_______ thinking produces one correct answer and characterizes the kind of thinking that is required on conventional tests of intelligence.

Convergent

When a person thinks in novel and unusual ways and comes up with unique solutions to problems, they are engaging in _____ thinking.

Creative

______ thinking is the ability to think in novel and unusual ways and to come up with unique solutions to problems.

Creative

What are some of the types of intelligence discussed in Sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligence?

Creative intelligence, analytical intelligence, practical intelligence

A test has questions familiar to children from all socioeconomic and ethnic backgrounds is an example of what type of test?

Culture-fair

Occupation with the corresponding type of intelligence proposed by Howard Gardner

Dancer=bodily-kinesthetic Landscaper=naturalist engineer=mathematical teacher=interpersonal Theologian= intrapersonal architect=spatial

In addistion to an IQ below 70, which of the following factors are necessary for a diagnosis of intellectual disability?

Difficulty adapting to everyday life

An organic intellectual disability occurring with the presence of an extra chromosome is called______.

Down Syndrome

Which of the following are the five steps of the creative process?

Elaboration, insight, preparation, incubation, evaluation

Which of the following is a characteristic of gifted children?

Gifted children need minimal help from adults to learn in some areas.

According to Horn, crystallized intelligence _____ in middle adulthood and fluid intelligence______.

Increases; decreases

The ability to solve problems and adapt and learn from new experiences is one way to define ______.

Intelligence

_______ age is Binet's measure of an individual's level of intellectual development compared with that of others.

Mental

Which of the following are some of Gardner's proposed types of intelligences?

Methematical, Interpersonal, Spacial, Verbal, Musical

______ distribution is a symmetrical curve where the majority of the cases fall in the middle.

Normal

_________ intelligence involves the ability to use, apply, and implement ideas.

Practical

Cognitive pragmatics include:

Reading and writing skills, professional skills, language comprehension

The _______ theory of intelligence claims that intelligence consists of analytical intelligence, creative intelligence, and practical intelligence.

Triarchic

What indexes is part of the Wechsler Intelligence Scales?

Verbal comprehension index, working memory index, processing speed index

People in ______ cultures tend to view intelligence in terms of reasoning and thinking skills, whereas in other cultures intelligence is regarded as a way for members of a community to successfully engage in social roles.

Western

_______ is exceptional insight about human development and life matters, and is considered expert knowledge about the practical aspects of life.

Wisdom

People with an IQ of 115 have:

a higher mental age than their chronological age

Crystallized intelligence includes:

accumulated information, effects of culture and reasoning, verbal skills

A statement that is correct regarding the Wechsler Intelligence Scales

an adolescent could take either the WISC-IV or the WAIS-III

How is fluid intelligence defined?

as the ability to reason abstractly

Signs of domain-specific giftedness usually emerge during the _______ years.

childhood

Young children whose parents ______ have been shown to score higher on the stanford-Binet intelligence test.

communicated with them more

Binet felt intelligence consists of complex cognitive processes including:

comprehension, memory, imagery, judgment

An assessment of individuals of different ages at the same point in time is a description of a ______ study.

cross-sectional

Researcher John Horn asserts that there are two aspects of intelligence that includes ______ and ______ intelligence.

crystalized; fluid

The most prominent finding from brain-imaging studies is that a distributed neural network involving the ______ and ______ loves is related to higher intelligence.

frontal; parietal

Highly gifted individuals are typically:

gifted in specific domains

What factors have to be considered in discussing creativity and its genesis?

individual differences, lifetime output, contrasts in creative fields

A concept that encompasses problem-solving skills and the ability to learn from and adapt to experiences?

intelligence

Alfred Binet Developed the first _______ test.

intelligence

identify the classifications of support required for a person with an intellectual disability to function at the highest level.

intermittent, extensive, limited, pervasive

The intelligence proposed by Howard Gardner that involves the ability to understand oneself is called ________ intelligence.

intrapersonal

Binet felt intelligence consists of complex cognitive processes including which of the following?

judgment, memory, imagery, comprehension

Cognitive ____ are the hardware of the mind.

mechanics

children with Down Syndrome are categorized as having ______ retardation.

organic

Cognitive ______ are the culture-based "software" programs of the mind.

pragmatics

Intelligence tests that evaluate an infant's ability to encode the attributes of objects, detect similarities and differences between objects, from mental representations, and retrieve mental representations are actually assessing an infant's ability to:

process information

The speed and accuracy of which processes are involved in cognitive mechanics?

sensory input, Visual and motor memory, attention

The worldwide increase in intelligence test scores that has occurred over a short time frame has been called:

the Flynn effect

Emotional intelligence is defined by which of the following abilities?

the ability to manage emotions, to perceive and express emotion, to accurately understand emotion

Assessing parents' and offsprings' overall cognitive functioning between the ages of 60 and 67 years, Schaie found that:

the parent generation showed cognitive declines during this time period, whereas their offspring showed stability or slight increases

six mental abilities assessed in the Seattle longitudinal study

verbal memory, numeric ability, inductive reasoning, verbal ability, perceptual speed, spatial orientation