EGYPT

Lakukan tugas rumah & ujian kamu dengan baik sekarang menggunakan Quizwiz!

CULT TEMPLE

Egyptian Temple for popular worship of the ancient and mysterious gods.

NECROPOLIS

Egyptian architectural form which means city of the dead with elaborate tomb monuments

OBELISK

Egyptian architectural form with a square shaft of stone with a pyramidal top usually monolithic and tapering, usually used as monument in ancient Egypt

PAPYRIFORM (PAPYRUS CAPITAL)

Egyptian capital having the form of, or decorated with papyrus flowers

LOTIFORM

Egyptian capital having the shape of a lotus bud

PALMIFORM

Egyptian capital resembling a palm tree or palm fronds

LOTIFORM

Egyptian capital used in non-secular buildings

CAMPANIFORM

Egyptian capital w/ bell-shaped form Can be either lotus or papyrus

NECROPOLIS

Egyptian city of the dead

HATHOR HEAD

Egyptian column having a capital in the form of the head of Hathor

GRAPE ORNAMENT

Egyptian counterpart of Egg & Dart ornament

CONTINUOUS COIL SPIRAL

Egyptian counterpart of Fret ornament

ROPE & FEATHER

Egyptian counterpart of Guilloche ornament

LOTUS & PAPYRUS

Egyptian counterpart of Honeysuckle ornament

ISIS

Egyptian divine mother who is one of protector-goddesses, protecting coffins and canopic jars

HORUS

Egyptian falcon-headed sky god

OSIRIS

Egyptian god of the underworld and judge of the dead

ISIS

Egyptian goddess of fertility

FRESCO SECCO

Fresco painting on dry plaster

BUON FRESCO

Fresco painting on wet plaster

FUNERARY ART

refers to the art made for the rituals of death

IMHOTEP

The Egyptian God of Medicine

CONTINUOUS COIL SPIRAL

A

BENT PYRAMID

3rd pyramid, built by Seneferu, first attempt at classic shape but made too steep and had to be sloped

BENT PYRAMID

3rd pyramid, built by Seneferu First attempt at classic shape but made too steep and had to be sloped

SCARAB

A beetle shaped ornament. The beetle was sacred to the Egyptians because it represented rebirth.

NECROPOLIS

A cemetery, especially a large one belonging to an ancient Egyptian city.

HYPOSTYLE HALL

A columned hallway which had two rows of tall central columns flanked by rows of shorter columns on either side

HYPOSTYLE HALL

A large room w/ columns found in an Egyptian temple Most of the room is dark except for the centre aisle which was lit by small windows cut into the roof Only the Pharaohs and priests are allowed to enter

PYRAMID

A massive funerary structure of stone or brick w/ a square base and four sloping triangular sides meeting at the apex Used mainly in ancient Egypt

BRICK

A multi-purpose material that was discovered in Mesopotamia and Egypt which changed the face of the building industry.

SPHINX

A mythical Egyptian beast with the body of a lion and the head of a human.

BUON FRESCO

A painting technique in which water-based pigments are applied to a surface of wet plaster.

PYLON

A pair of truncated, pyramidal towers flanking the entrance to an Egyptian temple.

PYRAMIDION

A pyramid shaped block set as the finishing element atop an obelisk

TEMPLE OF RAMESES II INABU-SIMBEL

A rock-cut temple built by Rameses II that is mostly famous for the 4 huge statues of him at the entrance to honor his own memory

EYE OF HORUS

A symbol of Egyptian origin that stands for health, knowledge, and power In addition to health and power, it is also believed to give protection to its bearer. Also known as Wadjet

OBELISK

A tall, four-sided pillar in ancient Egypt that is pointed on top

CULT TEMPLE

An ancient Egyptian temple for the worship of a deity, as distinguished from a mortuary temple.

HIEROGLYPHICS

An ancient Egyptian writing system in which pictures were used to represent ideas and sounds

HIERARCHY OF SCALE

An artistic technique in which the importance of figures is indicated by size, so that the most important figure is depicted as the largest. also called Hieratic Scale

IMHOTEP

Architect to Djoser, who enjoyed the status of a court official and was later deified The 1st recorded artist of Western history

POLYTHEISTIC

Belief in many gods

LOTUS & PAPYRUS

C

GRAPE ORNAMENT

D

FRESCO SECCO

Dry fresco

ROPE & FEATHER

E

FRESCOE

Egg tempera on wet plaster

PERISTYLE

Egyptian open court

TEMPLE

Egyptian place of worship having a post & lintel construction characterized as a forest of columns

RA

Egyptian sun god

AMON-RA

Egyptian supreme god, consisting of a primeval sky-god, and the sun-god.

ANKH

Egyptian symbol for everlasting life

SCARAB

Egyptian symbol for rebirth

EYE OF HORUS

Egyptian symbol that represents protection, healing, good health and royal power

ANKH SCARAB EYE OF HORUS WINGED SUN DISK COBRA LOTUS VULTURE

Egyptian symbols:

MUMMIFICATION

Embalment and drying a dead body and wrapping it as a mummy as preparation for afterlife

LAW OF FRONTALITY

Face must look straight ahead and each side must be exactly like the other, although the hands and feet are in profile; eyes, shoulders in front view

CULT TEMPLE

For popular worship of the ancient Egyptian gods

PAPYRUS BUNDLE

From papyrus, the plant symbolizing lower Egypt suggests the presence of a temple Can have circular or ribbed shafts

MASTABA

Funerary tomb/temple for commoners Later developed into step pyramids which were really ___________________ on top of each other

SETH

God of chaos, storms and violence depicted as a pig and hippopotamus Brother and murderer of Osiris

ANUBIS

God of mummification and embalming

OSIRIS

God of the underworld identified as the dead king Depicted as a mummified king

HATHOR

Goddess of children The cow or the lovely lady, she represents dancing, music, joy, and love. She was shown as a cow to represent motherly love.

IMHOTEP

He is the first recorded architect

CANOPIC JARS

Held four internal organs that were removed during mummification and were placed in the tomb with the mummy

SCARAB

Holy beetle insect that the Egyptians believed was connected to the sun-god Ra Believed to help protect the heart of a deceased Egyptian in the afterlife

PYRAMID

Huge, triangular shaped burial tombs of Egyptian pharaohs

MORTUARY TEMPLE

In Egyptian architecture, a temple erected for the worship of a deceased pharaoh.

KA

In ancient Egypt, the immortal human life force.

AKH

It characterized the soul of a deceased person as an effective entity in the next world

HYPOSTYLE HALL

It is dominated by sandstone columns and on both sides of a central hall, round columns supported two large roof sections. Lining the central hall were 12 higher, larger columns that allowed sections of vertical wall between them to contain slotted stone openings called clerestory windows which allow some light into the interior

CANOPIC JARS

Jars in which the ancient Egyptians preserved the internal organs of a deceased person usually for burial with the mummy.

CHEPHREN

KHAFRE

CHEOPS

KHUFU

ROCK-HEWN TOMB/TEMPLE

Located on cliffs where they cut labyrinth passageways that led to ceremonial and burial chambers which were later replaced by temples

MYCERINUS

MENKAURE

TRIPARTITE DIVISION

Method of dividing the temple into 3 parts

STEP PYRAMID

Midway between the earlier mastaba tombs and the perfected forms at Giza

SPHINX

Molded into a human-headed lion w/ the face representing Khafre A paved open temple is located between its paws

PYLON

Monumental gateway to an Egyptian temple, consisting of a pair of tower structures w/ slanting walls flanking the entrance portal

IMHOTEP

Name of the architect who designed the Step Pyramid of Djoser

PYRAMID OF KHAFRE

One of the Great Pyramids, had mortuary temple and the Great Sphinx

PYRAMID OF KHAFRE

Only surviving Great Pyramid at Giza

FRET

Ornament inspired by Continuous Coil Spiral

EGG & DART

Ornament inspired by Grape Ornament

HONEYSUCKLE

Ornament inspired by Lotus & Papyrus

GUILLOCHE

Ornament inspired by Rope & Feather

BA

Pictured in hieroglyphics as a bird with a human head The part of the soul that could travel between the worlds of the living and the dead

BENT PYRAMID

Pyramid that appears "bent" because its slope changes at the mid-way point

EYE OF HORUS

Stylized representation of the human eye which symbolized protection, good health and royal authority bestowed upon the pharaoh and his people It is known as the udjat from the goddess Wadjet, who is often seen protecting the king and his subordinates

RA

Sun-god of Heliopolis depicted as falcon-headed Supreme judge

AMON-RA

Supreme god of the Egyptians

WINGED SUN DISK

Symbol associated with divinity, royalty and power Form that the god Horus takes into battle

SPHINX

Symbol of protection which guides the Pyramid of Khafre Hewn out of natural limestone w/ the addition of stone blocks

THEOCRACY

System of government in which priests/pharaos rule in the name of God or a god

FRESCO SECCO

Technique of painting on dry plaster with pigments mixed in water.

ROCK-HEWN TOMB/TEMPLE

Temple or a burial chamber that is cut into an existing, naturally occurring rock formation They are usually cut into a cliff or sloping rock face, but may go down from fairly flat ground

IMHOTEP

The architect who was later deified as the god of learning and medicine

FRESCOE

The art form which uses egg tempera on wet plaster:

LAW OF FRONTALITY

The body of the figure in the round must not be twisted in any way. The face must look straight ahead and each side must be exactly like the other although that hand and feet could be in a different position.

AKH

The enduring and unchanging form of the deceased in the afterlife created by the reunion of the ba and the ka.

BENT PYRAMID

The lower part of this type of pyramid was built at an angle of 54 degrees, but the top part clocks in at an angle of 43 degrees

PYLON

The wide entrance gateway of an Egyptian temple, characterized by its sloping walls

HYPOSTYLE HALL

The word means literally "under pillars"

OBELISK

These are tall, tapering, four-sided pillars of egyptian origins, ending in pointed tips called pyramidion

HYPOSTYLE HALL

This hall is located between two gateway structures known as pylons that had been built earlier It also leads to the innermost room of the temple, a sanctum that served as the home of the god Amun-Ra

HYPOSTYLE HALL

This part of the temple is taller, which allowed vertical windows to be cut into the walls above the column but below the ceiling. These windows transferred light into the larger hall, while the surrounding halls were dimly lit

ROCK-HEWN TOMB/TEMPLE

Tomb built along hillsides for mobility, not royalty Later converted into temples

BUON FRESCO

True or wet fresco Pigments are mixed with water and become chemically bound to the freshly laid lime plaster

CANOPIC JARS

Used during embalming to hold organs (liver, intestines, stomach, lungs) for burial w/ the mummy

PYLON

a monumental gateway to an Egyptian temple marked by two flat, sloping walls between which is a smaller entrance

BUON FRESCO

Wet fresco

TEMPLE OF QUEEN HATSHEPSUT

a mortuary temple composed of three large terraces connected to each other by ramps

CLERESTORY WINDOW

a row of windows high up in a temple or church to admit light into the nave

HIGH RELIEF

a sculptural relief in which forms extend out from the background to at least half their depth

HIGH RELIEF

a carved panel where the figures project with a great deal of depth from the background

PERISTYLE

a colonnade surrounding a building or enclosing an Egyptian open courtyard

TEMPLE OF AMON-RA IN KARNAK

a cult temple that boasts of a hypostyle hall w/ 134 freestanding columns in 16 rows the site is built by a sacred lake

STEP PYRAMID OF DJOSER

a famous architectural example of a step pyramid

MASTABA

a low, flat-roofed Egyptian tomb for the commoners w/ sides sloping down to the ground

PERISTYLE

a many-columned colonnade around an OPEN courtyard

TRIPARTITE DIVISION

a method of visually organizing a structure by dividing it up into three sections

PYRAMIDION

a small pyramid such as the pyramid shaped termination of an Egyptian obelisk

HIERARCHY OF SCALE

a system of representation that expresses a person's importance by the size of his or her representation in a work of art

HIEROGLYPHICS

a system of writing w/ picture-symbols which allowed history to be written

MORTUARY TEMPLE

a temple dedicated to a dead person and not to a god. Usually only pharaohs had these Many started their construction during their lifetime.

ANKH

an Egyptian symbol of eternal life

MASTABA

an ancient Egyptian mudbrick tomb with a rectangular base and sloping sides and flat roof in time it grew larger and later developed into the stepped pyramid

MASTABA

an early form of pyramid

TEMPLE OF AMON-RA IN KARNAK

an example of a cult temple

TEMPLE OF QUEEN HATSHEPSUT

an example of a mortuary temple

TEMPLE OF RAMESES II IN ABU-SIMBEL

an example of a rock-hewn temple

SPHINX

an imaginary creature with a human head and the body of a lion which is also a monument of the vast burial ground of the pyramid

FUNERARY ART

any work of art forming, or placed in, a repository for the remains of the dead.

TRIPARTITE DIVISION

break into three parts or the "rule of three" 3 is a sacred number for temples

SARCOPHAGUS

carved, stone coffin in which the linen-wrapped mummy was placed

LOW RELIEF

carving in which the design stands out only slightly from the background surface

NECROPOLIS

city of Mastabas

MORTUARY TEMPLE

dedicated to the worship of the dead pharaoh as a god

STEP PYRAMID OF DJOSER

first pyramid ever built it is a pyramid built to house the Ka of King Djoser

BA

for the Egyptians, it is everything that makes an individual unique, similar to the notion of 'personality'

KA

for the Egyptians, the body must be preserved if the soul or _____ is to live on in the beyond using the same body

THEOCRACY

government in which the Pharaoh is thought to be a god

YELLOW, MEDIUM

hierarchy color & size of Egyptian females in paintings

RED, LARGE

hierarchy color & size of Egyptian males in paintings

BLUE, LARGEST

hierarchy color & size of Egyptian pharaohs in paintings

BLACK, SMALL

hierarchy color & size of Egyptian slaves in paintings

PYRAMIDION

it refers to the pyramid-shaped block on the top of an obelisk.

SPHINX

mythical beast of ancient Egypt, frequently symbolizing the pharaoh as an incarnation of the sun god Ra

STEP PYRAMID OF DJOSER

oldest pyramid in Egypt

HYPOSTYLE HALL

part of Egyptian temple where it contains a double row of columns higher than the others

SANCTUARY

part of the Egyptian temple where it contains a small shrine which was used as receptacle for the small statue of a god

PERISTYLE

part of the Egyptian temple where people congregate in an open courtyard before entering the main hall

SANCTUARY

part of the Egyptian temple which contains the shrine where the statue of the god or goddess was kept

PYLON PERISTYLE HYPOSTYLE HALL SANCTUARY

parts of an Egyptian temple plan:

POLYTHEISTIC

religion of the Egyptians

FORMALIZED ART

rules for the portrayal of human figure

LOW RELIEF

sculptural relief that projects very little from the background; also called bas-relief

LAPIS LAZULI

stone of heaven/gods

PYRAMID OF KHUFU

the biggest of the Great Pyramids at Giza

KHUFU KHAFRE MENKAURE

the great pyramids of Giza:

SANCTUARY

the most special and important part of the Egyptian temple only the Pharaohs and priests are allowed to enter

HYPOSTYLE HALL

the only area in an Egyptian temple where clerestory windows are located a large interior room characterized by many closely spaced columns that support its roof

HYPOSTYLE HALL

the pillared hall in the Egyptian temple

MUMMIFICATION

the preservation of dead bodies by embalming and wrapping them in cloth

PYRAMID OF MENKAURE

the smallest of the Great Pyramids at Giza

AKH

the transfigured spirit that survived death and mingled with the gods

SANCTUARY

the treasury of the Egyptian temple

STEP PYRAMID

type of pyramid composed of a series of mastabas, each smaller, and stacked on top of each other built of fairly small limestone blocks, much smaller than those used later at Giza

STEP PYRAMID

type of pyramid with sides that rise in giant steps

MASTABA NECROPOLIS PYRAMID OBELISK TEMPLE

types of Egyptian architecture:

PALMIFORM LOTIFORM PAPYRIFORM (PAPYRUS CAPITAL) PAPYRUS BUNDLE CAMPANIFORM HATHOR HEAD VOLUTE

types of Egyptian capitals:

CONTINUOUS COIL SPIRAL ROPE & FEATHER LOTUS & PAPYRUS GRAPE ORNAMENT

types of Egyptian ornaments:

MORTUARY CULT ROCK-HEWN

types of Egyptian temple:

BUON FRESCO FRESCO SECCO

types of frescoes:

STEP BENT STRAIGHT

types of pyramids:

LOW RELIEF HIGH RELIEF

types of relief carving:

-AS ORNAMENT -AS RECORD OF HISTORY -AS VENERATION TO THE GODS

uses of Egyptian art:

CLERESTORY WINDOW

windows on upper part of the temple that allow small amounts of light that enhanced the effect of shadows


Set pelajaran terkait

ATMOSPHERE AND SEVERE WEATHER - Chapter 9

View Set

CH. 11- RACIAL CULTURAL IDENTITY DEVELOPMENT

View Set

. Chapter 2 - Purpose and Function of the Health Record

View Set

Zakat Emas , Perak , dan Mata Wang

View Set

AP Government: Ch. 2 Key ID QUIZ VERSION

View Set

Study questions: Unit 2 Torts; Chap 8

View Set

Chapter 6-Addressing the Network: IPv4

View Set