EMT chapter 3

◦Scoop Stretcher

a stretcher that can split apart to scoop up the patient on the ground from either side. This is designed to easily lift supine patients

◦Basket Stretcher(STOKES)

a stretcher with protective guards around the circumference (like a boat).

◦Wheeled Stretcher

a stretcher with wheels. Commonly seen in the ER, where the patient is pushed around on beds with wheels

emergency moves - one rescuer drags

clothes drag incline drag: e.g. stairs, always head first shoulder drag foot drag: don't bump pt's head firefighter's drag blanket drag

pack strap carry

easy to go from one rescuer assist to this,

•The Shirt Drag

fasten the patients' hands or wrists together, and then drag their shirt by the shoulders. Does not work for T-shirts.

blanket drag

gather half the blanket up against the pt's side. roll him toward your knees, place blanket under him and gently roll him onto the blanket. during the drag, keep the pt's head as low as possible.

emergency moves

greatest danger: spine injury may be aggravated -the scene is hazardous: e.g. fire, radiation -care of life-threatening conditions requires repositioning: e.g. CPR/ bleeding -reach other patients: life-threatened pts Move the pt in direction of the long axis when possible

one rescuer walking assist

if patient is able to walk themselves act as a crutch.swing one arm over EMT shoulder, other arm gripping beltline

reaching mechanics

keep back locked. don't twist. don't reach more than 15-20 inches in front of the body. avoid prolonged reaching when strenuous effort is required.

extremity lift

non-urgent: two rescuers lifting the patient by the extremities. One rescuer in the armpit-forearm drag position and the other holding the patient behind the knees

Emergeny moves - one rescuer

one-rescuer assist cradle carry pack strap carry firefighter's carry piggyback carry

firefighter's drag

place pt on back and tie his hands together. straddle him, crouch and pass your head thru his tied arms. Raise your body, crawl on your hands and knees. keep your head as low as possible

one-rescuer walking assist

place the pt's arm around your neck, and hold onto that hand. place other arm around pt's waist. help pt walk to safety, be prepared to change technique if lvl of danger increases. communicate w/ pt abt obstacles, uneven terrain, etc.

two rescuer walking assist

place the pt's arms around the shoulder's of both rescuers. they ea grip a hand, place their free arms around the pts waist and then help him walk to safety

firefighter's carry

pt lying supine. place your ft against pt's ft and pull pt towards you. bend @ your waist and flex your knees. duck and pull pt across your shoulder, keeping hold of one of her wrists. Use your free arm to reach btw her legs and grasp her thigh. This way the weight falls onto your shoulders. stand up, transfer your grip on thigh to wrist

urgent moves

pt moved for treatment of life threatening thing, WITH precautions for spinal injury -care requires repositioning: e.g. inadequate breathing, shock -Factors at the scene cause pt decline: heat/cold. can log roll pt onto a backboard

firefighters drag

tie wrists together, drape arms around neck and crawl as their dragged. Only a few yards.

firefighters carry

to permit the emt to carry an unconscious patent quickly to safety. Toe to toe with supine patient, crouch down, grab patient wrists, pull to erect, my shoulder into their abdomenon, arm through their legs and grab their arm

pack strap carry

turn your back to a standing pt. bring pts' arm over your shoulders to cross your chest. keep pt's arms as straight as possible, with pt's armpits @ your shoulders. Hold the pt's wrists, bend and pull pt onto your back

Direct Ground lift

two or more rescuers lifting a patient from the side (the way you would cradle a baby).

emergency moves - two rescues

two rescuer assist firefighter's carry with assist

•Extremity Lift

two rescuers lifting the patient by the extremities. One rescuer in the armpit-forearm drag position and the other holding the patient behind the knees

cradle carry

wedding night carry. this places a lot of weight on the carrier's back. usually only appropriate for very light patients

The Blanket Drag

wrap a blanket beneath the patient, and then drag the blanket at the patient's head

direct ground lift

2-3 EMTs line up on the same side of a supine patient. •The EMTs all kneel on one knee. •Cross the patient's arms on the chest if injuries don't prevent it. •The EMT at the head places one arm under the patient's head and shoulders, cradling the head. The other arm is placed under the patient's lower back. •The second EMT places one arm directly below the first EMT's arm in the small of the patient's back. The second arm is placed under the patient's knees. •The third EMT (if available) slides both arms under the patient's waist. The other EMTs adjust their arms accordingly. •On signal, the EMTs lift the patient to their knees and roll the patient in toward their chests. •On signal, the EMTs stand and move the patient to the stretcher. •On signal, the patient is lowered onto the stretcher, which has been positioned at waist level.

Stair Chair

These are designed for patients that can sit up while being carried. They are useful for taking patients up or down stairs, or through narrow passageways. The patient must be transferred to the stretcher once back at the ambulance

Extremity Lift

This is only used when a spinal injury is not suspected. It is best used for short distances. •One EMT kneels at the patient's head and the other EMT kneels at the patient's side by the knees. •The EMT at the head reaches under the patient arms at the shoulders and grasps the patient's wrists. If the patient is unresponsive or uncooperative, the other EMT may assist by lifting the patient's wrists to within the reach of the partner. To improve stability, the patient's left wrist may be grasped by your right hand and their right wrist by your left hand. This crosses the patient's arms over their chest creating a more secure hold with less give. •The second EMT reaches under both knees with one arm and under the buttocks with the other arm. •The EMT's rise to a crouching position, then simultaneously stand and move with the patient to the stretcher.