EMT Chapter 6: Human Body
The autonomic nervous system controls all of the following functions, except:
breath holding
Dead space is the portion of the respiratory system that:
contains no alveoli and does not participate in gas exchange
The ____________ is a muscular dome that separates the thorax from the abdomen.
diaphragm
A by-product of involuntary muscle contraction and relaxation is:
heat
___________ pressure is the pressure exerted by a liquid that occurs when blood moves through an artery at relatively high pressures.
hydrostatic
The pelvic bones are formed by the fusion of the:
ilium, ischium, pubis
Breathing occurs as the result of a(n):
increase in carbon dioxide, which decreases the pH of the cerebrospinal fluid
Trauma to the __________ lobe of the brain would likely result in visual disturbances.
occipital
The ___________ is made up of the maxilla and zygoma, as well as the frontal bone of the cranium.
orbit
The circulation of blood within an organ or tissue in adequate amounts to meet the cells' current needs is called:
perfusion
The bones that constitute the fingers and toes are called:
phalanges
Signs of adequate breathing in the adult include all of the following, except:
the reduction of tidal volume
The smooth muscles that cause the artery to contract are found in the:
tunica media
During each heartbeat, ___________ of blood is ejected from the adult heart, an amount called the stroke volume.
70 to 80 mL
Which of the following statements regarding plasma is correct?
Plasma transports the blood cells and nutrients.
Which of the following signs of respiratory distress is typically unique to infants and children?
Seesaw respirations
Which of the following statements regarding the kidneys is correct?
The kidneys eliminate toxic waste products from the body and control the body's fluid balance
Which of the following is a function of the upper airway?
Warms and humidifies inhaled air
As the bronchus divides into smaller bronchioles, the terminal ends of these smaller passages form the:
alveoli
The exchange of oxygen and nutrients for waste products of metabolism occurs at the cellular level in the:
capillaries
Mean arterial pressure (MAP) is a product of:
cardiac output and systemic vascular resistance
Which part of the central nervous system is responsible for coordinating bodily movements such as writing or sewing?
cerebellum
The artery that can be palpated on the anterior surface of the foot is the:
dorsalis pedis
Bile is produced by the liver and concentrated and stored in the:
gallbladder
The diaphragm and intercostal muscles contract during:
inhalation
What is the function of platelets?
initial formation of blood clots
The vocal cords are located in the:
larynx
The __________ fills the entire anteroposterior depth of the right upper quadrant of the abdomen.
liver
Which of the following is not a facial bone?
mastoid
Which of the following is not a function of the skin?
metabolic coordination
White blood cells, which are also called leukocytes, function by:
protecting the body from infection
Which of the following arteries does not carry highly oxygenated blood?
pulmonary
Which of the following conditions would affect the "Q" portion of the V/Q ratio?
pulmonary embolism
The primary function of the right atrium is to:
receive blood from the vena cava
Your ability to remain awake is a function of the:
reticular activating system
The ___________ portion of the spinal column is joined to the iliac bones of the pelvis.
sacrum
The large, flat, triangular bone that overlies the posterior thoracic wall is called the:
scapula
Which of the following structures does not contain smooth muscle?
skeletal system
Activities such as walking, talking, and writing are regulated by the:
somatic nervous system
Worn-out blood cells, foreign substances, and bacteria are filtered from the blood by the:
spleen
The central nervous system is composed of the:
the brain and spinal cord
The inferior cartilaginous tip of the sternum is called the:
xiphoid process
