EMT Session 41 Quiz

Airway management can be challenging in patients with Down syndrome because their:

teeth are misaligned, and they have a large tongue.

Early signs of respiratory distress in the child include:

restlessness.

Febrile seizures are most common in children between:

6 months and 6 years.

A child might begin to show signs of separation anxiety as early as:

6 months.

Capillary refill time is most reliable as an indicator of end-organ perfusion in children younger than:

6 years.

Under what circumstances is a left ventricular assist device used?

As a bridge to heart transplantation while a donor heart is being located

A 5-year-old child has had severe vomiting and diarrhea for 4 days. Which of the following assessment findings would be the most indicative of decompensated shock?

Blood pressure of 70/40 mm Hg

After a head injury, which of the following is more common in children than in adults?

Nausea and vomiting

Which of the following statements regarding gastrostomy (gastric) tubes is correct?

Patients with a gastrostomy tube might still be at risk for aspiration.

During the natural process of aging, the number of functional cilia in the respiratory system decreases, resulting in:

a decreased ability to cough.

An 84-year-old male fell a week ago and has been bedridden since then. Today, he presents with an altered mental status. His skin is pale and cold, and his respirations are rapid and shallow. The EMT should suspect:

a systemic infection.

An infant with severe dehydration would be expected to present with:

absent urine output.

A normal level of consciousness in an infant or child is characterized by:

age-appropriate behavior, good muscle tone, and good eye contact.

Common causes of depression in the elderly include all of the following, except:

an acute onset of dementia.

A 73-year-old female experienced a syncopal episode while watching TV. She is now conscious but diaphoretic, tachycardic, and hypotensive. Your assessment reveals abdominal tenderness and a pulsating mass to the left of her umbilicus. You should suspect:

an aortic aneurysm.

Death caused by shaken baby syndrome is usually the result of:

bleeding in the brain.

Cerebral palsy is a condition that results from damage or injury to the:

brain.

Clouding of the lenses of the eyes is called:

cataracts.

Children with N. meningitides would most likely present with:

cherry-red spots or a purplish rash.

A surgical procedure that creates an opening between the intestine and the surface of the body that allows for elimination of waste products is called a(n):

colostomy.

A 2-year-old female has experienced a seizure. When you arrive at the scene, the child is conscious, crying, and clinging to her mother. Her skin is hot and moist. The mother tells you that the seizure lasted approximately 5 minutes. She further tells you that her daughter has no history of seizures but has had a recent ear infection. You should:

cool the child with tepid water and transport to the hospital.

A common cause of shock in an infant is:

dehydration from vomiting and diarrhea.

A 13-year-old child is on a home ventilator. The parents called because the mechanical ventilator is malfunctioning, and the child has increasing respiratory distress. You should:

disconnect the ventilator and apply a tracheostomy collar.

Burns in children are commonly caused by all of the following, except:

entrapment in a structural fire.

When caring for a morbidly obese patient, you should:

establish his or her chief complaint and then communicate your plan to help.

EMTs are dispatched to a residence for an 80-year-old woman who is ill. The patient's daughter states that her mother almost fainted after going to the bathroom and that her pulse was very slow. The patient's pulse rate is 80 beats/min and irregular, and she is conscious and alert. The EMTs should suspect that the patient:

experienced a vasovagal response.

Cardiac arrest in the pediatric population is most commonly the result of:

failure of the respiratory system.

Common causes of seizures in children include all of the following, except:

hyperglycemia.

A 2-month-old infant was found unresponsive in his crib by his mother. When you arrive, you determine that the infant is apneic and pulseless. His skin is pale and cold and his arms are stiff. You should:

inform the child's mother that her son is deceased.

A 6-month-old male presents with 2 days of vomiting and diarrhea. He is conscious, but his level of activity is decreased. The infant's mother tells you that he has not had a soiled diaper in over 12 hours. The infant's heart rate is 140 beats/min, and his anterior fontanelle appears to be slightly sunken. You should suspect:

moderate dehydration.

A 4-year-old, 16-kg female ingested an unknown quantity of liquid drain cleaner. Your assessment reveals that she is conscious and alert, is breathing adequately, and has skin burns around her mouth. You should:

monitor her airway and give oxygen.

After using the pediatric assessment triangle (PAT) to form your general impression of a sick or injured child, you should:

perform a hands-on assessment of the ABCs.

Effective methods for providing pain relief to a child with an extremity injury include:

positioning, ice packs, and extremity elevation.

General care for a patient with a tracheostomy tube includes all of the following, except:

removing the tube if the area around it appears infected.

When enlisting the help of an interpreter who signs, it is important for you to ask the interpreter to:

report exactly what the patient signs and not to add any commentary.

Because a tracheostomy tube bypasses the nose and mouth:

secretions can build up in and around the tube.

A tube from the brain to the abdomen that drains excessive cerebrospinal fluid is called a:

shunt.

Common associated conditions in patients with spina bifida include all of the following, except:

spastic limb movement.

In contrast to younger patients, older patients are more prone to a decrease in blood pressure (BP) upon standing because:

the body is less able to adapt the BP to rapid postural changes.

Common causes of syncope in older patients include all of the following, except:

vasoconstriction.

In contrast to a living will, a "do not resuscitate" (DNR) order becomes valid when:

the patient develops cardiac arrest.

A 77-year-old female presents with an acute onset of altered mental status. Her son is present and advises that she has a history of hypertension, atrial fibrillation, type 2 diabetes, and glaucoma. He further advises that she takes numerous medications and is normally alert. When you assess this patient, it is important to note that:

the patient is experiencing delirious behavior, which suggests a new health problem.

A "silent" heart attack occurs when:

the usual chest pain is not present.

Many older victims of physical abuse might make false statements or lie about the origin of their injuries because:

they fear retribution from the abuser.