Endocrine NCLEX

A client newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus is having difficulty learning the technique of blood glucose measurement. The nurse should teach the client to do which action to perform the procedure properly?

Let the arm hang dependently and milk the digit.

A client has been diagnosed with hypoparathyroidism. Which food groups should be included in the diet?

Low in phosphorus and high in calcium

The nurse educator is asking the nursing student to recall the signs/symptoms of hypothyroidism. The nurse educator determines that the student understands this disorder if which are included in the student's response? Select all that apply

Dry skin Constipation Cold intolerance

A client with diabetes mellitus visits the health care clinic. The client previously had been well controlled with glyburide (DiaBeta), but recently, the fasting blood glucose has been running 180 to 200 mg/dL. Which medication, if added to the client's regimen, may be contributing to the hyperglycemia?

Prednisone

The nurse is collecting data regarding a client after a thyroidectomy and notes that the client has developed hoarseness and a weak voice. Which nursing action is appropriate?

Reassure the client that this is usually a temporary condition.

A client who has been newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus has been stabilized with daily insulin injections. Which teaching information should the nurse reinforce upon discharge?

Rotate the insulin injection sites systematically.

An older client with a history of hyperparathyroidism and severe osteoporosis is hospitalized. The nurse caring for the client plans to address which problem first?

The possibility of injury

The nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching with a client who has Cushing's syndrome. Which statement by the client indicates that the instructions related to dietary management were understood?

"I can eat foods that contain potassium."

The nurse is caring for a client with type 1 diabetes mellitus who is hyperglycemic. Which problem should the nurse consider first, when planning care for this client?

Signs of dehydration

The nurse is instructing a client with Addison's disease about a newly prescribed medication, fludrocortisone acetate (Florinef). Which statement by the client indicates a need for further teaching?

"I will be glad to gain weight."

A client with diabetes mellitus demonstrates acute anxiety when admitted to the hospital for the treatment of hyperglycemia. Which intervention would be appropriate to decrease the client's anxiety?

Convey empathy, trust, and respect toward the client.

The nurse is reviewing the postoperative prescriptions for a client who had a transsphenoidal hypophysectomy. Which health care provider's prescription noted on the record indicates the need for clarification?

Apply a loose dressing if any clear drainage is noted.

In planning nutrition for the client with hypoparathyroidism, which diet would be appropriate?

High in calcium and low phosphorous

The nurse is monitoring the results of periodic serum laboratory studies drawn on a client with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) receiving an insulin infusion. The nurse determines that which value needs to be reported?

Potassium 3.1 mEq/L

The nurse is monitoring a client following a thyroidectomy for signs/symptoms of hypocalcemia. Which sign/symptom noted in the client indicates the presence of hypocalcemia?

Tingling around the mouth

The nurse is reinforcing home care instructions to a client with a diagnosis of Cushing's syndrome. Which client statement reflects a need for further teaching?

"I need to read the labels on any over-the-counter medications I purchase."

The nursing instructor asks a student to describe the pathophysiology that occurs in Cushing's disease. Which statement by the student indicates an accurate understanding of this disorder?

"Cushing's disease is characterized by an oversecretion of glucocorticoid hormones."

The nurse is monitoring a client who has been newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus for signs of complications. Which statement made by the client would indicate hyperglycemia and thus warrant health care provider notification?

"I am urinating a lot."

The nurse has reinforced instructions to the client with hyperparathyroidism regarding home care measures related to exercise. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further teaching? Select all that apply.

"I need to limit playing football to only the weekends." "I should exercise in the evening to encourage a good sleep pattern."

The nurse is caring for a postoperative parathyroidectomy client. Which would require the nurse's immediate attention?

Laryngeal stridor

The nurse has just supervised a newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus client self-inject NPH insulin at 7:30 ᴀᴍ. The nurse reviews the time frames for peak insulin action with the client, telling the client to be especially watchful for a hypoglycemic reaction between which time frame?

1:30 ᴘᴍ and 7:30 ᴘᴍ

When caring for a client diagnosed with pheochromocytoma, which information should the nurse know when assisting with planning care?

Excessive catecholamines are released.

Which nursing measure would be effective in preventing complications in a client with Addison's disease?

Monitoring the blood glucose

When the nurse is reinforcing instructions to a client who has been newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus, which statement by the client would indicate that teaching has been effective?

"I will notify my health care provider if my blood glucose level is consistently greater than 250 mg/dL."

The nurse is caring for a client newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. The client asks the nurse whether eating at a restaurant will affect the diabetic control and whether this is allowed. Which nursing response is appropriate?

"You should order a half-portion meal and have fresh fruit for dessert."

Which client is at risk for developing thyrotoxicosis?

A client with Graves' disease who is having surgery

The nurse is collecting data on a client with a diagnosis of hypothyroidism. Which of these behaviors, if present in the client's history, should the nurse determine as being likely related to the symptoms of this disorder?

Depression

The nurse is caring for a child with a diagnosis of diabetes insipidus. The nurse anticipates that the health care provider will prescribe which medications?

Desmopressin acetate (DDAVP)

The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with hyperparathyroidism who is prescribed furosemide (Lasix). The nurse reinforces dietary instructions to the client. Which is an appropriate instruction?

Drink at least 2 to 3 L of fluid daily.

A client with a diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is being treated in the emergency department. Which finding should the nurse expect to note as confirming this diagnosis?

Elevated blood glucose and low plasma bicarbonate

After several diagnostic tests, a client is diagnosed with diabetes insipidus. The nurse understands that which signs/symptoms are indicative of this disorder?

Excessive thirst and urine output

The nurse has provided diabetic teaching with the family of a client newly diagnosed with diabetes. The nurse determines that the family understands the reason for having glucagon on hand for emergency home use if the family indicates that the purpose of the medication is to treat which condition?

Hypoglycemia from insulin overdose

Which signs/symptoms should the nurse expect to note when collecting data on a client with Addison's disease?

Hypotension and vomiting

The nurse is reviewing a plan of care for a client with Addison's disease. The nurse notes that the client is at risk for dehydration and suggests nursing interventions that will prevent this occurrence. Which nursing intervention is an appropriate component of the plan of care? Select all that apply.

Monitoring intake and output Monitoring for changes in mental status Encouraging fluid intake of at least 3000 mL/day

The nurse is assigned to care for a client at home who has a diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus. When the nurse arrives to care for the client, the client tells the nurse that she has been vomiting and has diarrhea. Which additional statement by the client indicates a need for further teaching?

"I need to stop my insulin."

The nurse is caring for a client with Addison's disease. The nurse checks the client's vital signs and determines that the client has orthostatic hypotension. The nurse determines that this finding relates to which factor?

A decreased secretion of aldosterone

The wife of a client with diabetes mellitus who takes insulin calls the nurse in a health care provider's office about her husband. She states that her husband is sleepy and that his skin is warm and flushed. She adds that his breathing is faster than normal and his pulse rate seems fast. Which action should the nurse tell the wife to do first?

Check his blood glucose level.

Following hypophysectomy, a client complains of being very thirsty and having to urinate frequently. Which is the initial nursing action?

Check the urine specific gravity.

The nurse is assisting in preparing a plan of care for the client with diabetes mellitus and plans to reinforce the client's understanding regarding the signs/symptoms of hypoglycemia. Which signs/symptoms should the nurse review?

Elevated pulse; shakiness; and cool, clammy skin

A nursing student notes in the medical record that a client with Cushing's syndrome is experiencing body image disturbances. The need for additional education regarding this problem is identified when the nursing student suggests which nursing intervention?

Evaluating the client's understanding that the body changes need to be dealt with

The nurse is monitoring a client with Graves' disease for signs of thyrotoxic crisis (thyroid storm). Which signs and symptoms noted in the client should alert the nurse to the presence of this crisis? Select all that apply.

Fever Sweating Agitation

A client newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus takes NPH insulin every day at 7:00 am. The nurse has taught the client how to recognize the signs of hypoglycemia. The nurse determines that the client understands the information presented if the client watches for which signs and symptoms in the late afternoon?

Hunger; shakiness; and cool, clammy skin

A client with type 2 diabetes mellitus has a blood glucose of more than 600 mg/dL and is complaining of polydipsia, polyuria, weight loss, and weakness. The nurse reviews the health care provider's documentation and would expect to note which diagnosis?

Hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state (HHS)

A client is diagnosed with hyperparathyroidism. The nurse teaching the client about dietary alterations to manage the disorder tells the client to limit which food in the diet?

Ice cream

A client with Graves' disease has exophthalmos and is experiencing photophobia. Which intervention would best assist the client with this problem?

Obtaining dark glasses for the client

The nurse notes that a client with type 1 diabetes mellitus has lipodystrophy on both upper thighs. Which further information should the nurse obtain from the client during data collection?

Plan for injection rotation

A client with diabetes mellitus is being discharged following treatment for hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state (HHS) precipitated by acute illness. The client states to the nurse, "I will call the doctor next time I can't eat for more than a day or so." The nurse plans care, understanding that which statement accurately reflects this client's level of knowledge?

The client needs immediate education before discharge.

A client with pheochromocytoma is scheduled for surgery and says to the nurse, "I'm not sure that surgery is the best thing to do." Which response by the nurse is appropriate?

"You have concerns about the surgical treatment for your condition?"

A client who is managing diabetes mellitus with insulin injections asks the nurse for information about any necessary changes in her diet to avoid hyperinsulinism. Which diet would be appropriate for the client?

Small frequent meals with protein, fat, and carbohydrates at each meal

The nurse in an outpatient diabetes clinic is assisting in caring for a client on insulin pump therapy. Which statement by the client indicates that a need for teaching regarding insulin pump therapy?

"Now that I have this pump, I don't have to worry about insulin reactions or ketoacidosis occurring again."

The nurse is collecting data from a client with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Which statement by the client indicates an understanding of the medication regimen?

"The medication that I am taking helps release the insulin I already make."

The nurse has reinforced instructions about measuring blood glucose levels to a client newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. The nurse determines that the client understands the procedure when making which most accurate statement?

"I should check my blood glucose level before eating each meal, regardless of how much I eat."

A client with type 1 diabetes mellitus calls the nurse to report recurrent episodes of hypoglycemia. Which statement by the client indicates a correct understanding of Humulin N insulin and exercise?

"I should not exercise in the late afternoon."

The nurse has reinforced home care measures to a client diagnosed with diabetes mellitus regarding exercise and insulin administration. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further teaching?

"I should perform my exercise at peak insulin time."

A client with myxedema has changes in intellectual function such as impaired memory, decreased attention span, and lethargy. The client's husband is upset and shares his concerns with the nurse. Which statement by the nurse is helpful to the client's husband?

"It's seems that you are concerned about your wife's condition, but the symptoms may improve with continued therapy."

The nurse is assigned to assist in caring for a client admitted to the emergency department with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Which is the priority nursing action for this client who is in the acute phase?

Administer intravenous (IV) regular insulin.

A client has just been admitted with a diagnosis of myxedema coma. If all of the following interventions were prescribed, the nurse should place highest priority on completing which action first?

Administering oxygen

A client is admitted with a diagnosis of pheochromocytoma. The nurse should monitor which parameter to detect the most common sign of pheochromocytoma?

Blood pressure elevation

The nurse is caring for a client after a thyroidectomy and monitoring for signs of thyroid storm. The nurse determines that which sign/symptom is indicative that a thyroid storm may be occurring?

Blood pressure of 80/60 mmHg

The nurse participating in a free health screening at the local mall obtains a random blood glucose level of 200 mg/dL on an otherwise healthy client. The nurse tells the client to do which as a next step?

Call the health care provider to have the value rechecked as soon as possible.

The nurse enters the room of a client with type 1 diabetes mellitus and finds the client difficult to arouse. The client's skin is warm and flushed, and the pulse and respiratory rate are elevated from the client's baseline. Which action should the nurse implement?

Check the client's capillary blood glucose.

The nurse working on an endocrine nursing unit understands that which correct concept is used in planning care?

Clients who have hyperparathyroidism should be protected against falls.

The nurse is caring for a client following an adrenalectomy and is monitoring for signs of adrenal insufficiency. Which are signs and symptoms related to adrenal insufficiency? Select all that apply.

Fever Weakness Hypotension Mental status changes

A comatose client with an admitting diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) has a blood glucose value of 368 mg/dL, arterial pH of 7.2, arterial bicarbonate of 14 mEq/L, and is positive for serum ketones. The diagnosis is supported by which noted data?

Fruity breath odor

The nurse is preparing to reinforce instructions to a client with Addison's disease regarding diet therapy. The nurse understands that which diet should be prescribed for this client?

High-sodium, high-carbohydrate diet

The nurse is providing instructions to a client newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. The nurse gives the client a list of the signs of hyperglycemia. Which specific signs of this complication should be included on the list?

Increased thirst

A client with Cushing's disease is being admitted to the hospital after a stab wound to the abdomen. The nurse plans care and places highest priority on which potential problem?

Infection

The nurse is reinforcing instructions to a client newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus regarding insulin administration. The health care provider has prescribed a mixture of NPH and regular insulin. The nurse should stress that which is the first step?

Inject air equal to the amount of NPH insulin prescribed into the vial of NPH insulin.

The nurse is collecting data on a client admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of myxedema. Which data collection technique would provide data necessary to support the admitting diagnosis?

Inspection of facial features

The nurse should expect to note which interventions in the plan of care for a client with hypothyroidism? Select all that apply.

Instruct the client about thyroid replacement therapy. Encourage the client to consume fluids and high-fiber foods in the diet. Instruct the client to contact the health care provider if episodes of chest pain occur.

The nurse is reinforcing discharge instructions to a client who had a unilateral adrenalectomy. Which information should be a component of the instructions?

Instructions about early signs of a wound infection

A client has an endocrine system dysfunction of the pancreas. The nurse anticipates that the client will exhibit impaired secretion of which substance?

Insulin

After receiving furosemide (Lasix) 40 mg slow intravenous push for chest pain related to shortness of breath and generalized edema, the client responds poorly. The client has no relief of the chest pain, shortness of breath, or edema and only minimal urine output (less than 40 mL of urine). The health care provider is notified, and after reviewing the chart, suspects the client has syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). Which findings would lead to this specific diagnosis? Refer to chart.

Minimal responsiveness to furosemide (Lasix) and small cell lung cancer

The nurse is reinforcing instructions with a client with diabetes mellitus who is recovering from diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) regarding measures to prevent a recurrence. Which instruction is important for the nurse to emphasize?

Monitor blood glucose levels frequently.

The nurse reinforces teaching with a client with diabetes mellitus regarding differentiating between hypoglycemia and ketoacidosis. The client demonstrates an understanding of the teaching by stating that glucose will be taken if which symptom develops?

Shakiness

A health care provider has prescribed propylthiouracil (PTU) for a client with hyperthyroidism, and the nurse assists in developing a plan of care for the client. Which nursing measure would be included in the plan regarding this medication?

Signs and symptoms of hypothyroidism

The nurse has collected data on a client with diabetes mellitus. Findings include a fasting blood glucose of 130 mg/dL, temperature 101° F, pulse of 88 beats per minute, respirations of 22 breaths per minute, and a blood pressure of 118/78 mm Hg. Which finding would be of concern to the nurse?

Temperature

The nurse is caring for a client following a thyroidectomy. The client tells the nurse that she is concerned because of voice hoarseness. The client asks the nurse whether the hoarseness will subside. Which statement by the nurse regarding the hoarseness is accurate?

The hoarseness is normal and will gradually subside.

The nurse reviews the nursing care plan of an older client with diabetic neuropathy of the lower extremities as a result of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The nurse plans care, knowing that which problem has the highest priority for this client?

The possibility of injury as a result of decreased sensation in the legs and feet

While collecting data on a client being prepared for an adrenalectomy, the nurse obtains a temperature reading of 100.8° F. The nurse analyzes this temperature reading as which?

A finding that needs to be reported immediately

A client recently diagnosed with diabetes mellitus requiring insulin tells the clinic nurse that he is traveling by air throughout the next week. The client asks the nurse for any suggestions about managing the disorder while traveling. Which action should the nurse tell the client to do?

Keep snacks in carry-on luggage to prevent hypoglycemia during the flight.

The nurse is planning to instruct a client with diabetes mellitus who has hypertension about "sick day management." Which beverage does the nurse avoid putting on a list of easily consumed carbohydrate-containing beverages for use when the client cannot tolerate food orally?

Mineral water

The nurse is caring for a client with a diagnosis of myasthenia gravis. The health care provider plans to perform an edrophonium (Enlon) test on the client to determine the presence of cholinergic crisis. In addition to planning care for the client during this testing, which equipment will the nurse ensure is at the bedside?

Oxygen equipment

The nurse is collecting data from a client who is being admitted to the hospital for a diagnostic workup for primary hyperparathyroidism. The nurse understands that which client complaint would be characteristic of this disorder?

Polyuria

The nurse is caring for a client with a diagnosis of hypoparathyroidism. The nurse reviews the client's laboratory results and notes that the calcium level is extremely low. The nurse should expect to note which sign/symptom on data collection?

Positive Trousseau's sign

The nurse caring for a client scheduled for a transsphenoidal hypophysectomy to remove a tumor in the pituitary gland assists in developing a plan of care for the client. The nurse suggests including which specific information in the preoperative teaching plan?

Toothbrushing will not be permitted for at least 2 weeks following surgery.

Which client complaint should alert the nurse to a possible hypoglycemic reaction?

Tremors and double vision

Glucagon hydrochloride injection would most likely be prescribed for which disorder?

Type 1 diabetes mellitus

The nurse has reinforced dietary instructions to a client with a diagnosis of hypoparathyroidism. The nurse instructs the client to include which item in the diet?

Vegetables

A client with diabetes mellitus is scheduled to have a fasting blood glucose level determined in the morning. The nurse tells the client not to eat or drink after midnight. When the client asks for further information, the nurse clarifies by stating that which should be acceptable to take before the test?

Water

The nurse is reviewing the prescriptions of a client diagnosed with diabetes mellitus who was admitted because of an infected foot ulcer. Which health care provider's prescription supports the treatment of this condition?

An increased amount of NPH daily insulin

The nurse is reinforcing dietary instructions to a client newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. The nurse accurately instructs the client with which statement?

It is best to eat meals at approximately the same time each day.

A client with hypoparathyroidism has hypocalcemia. The nurse avoids giving the client the prescribed vitamin and calcium supplement with which liquid?

Milk

A client is in metabolic acidosis caused by diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). The nurse prepares for the administration of which medication as a primary treatment for this problem?

Regular insulin

The nurse is caring for a client with hypothyroidism who is overweight. Which food items should the nurse suggest to include in the plan?

Skim milk, apples, whole-grain bread, and cereal

A preoperative client is scheduled for adrenalectomy to remove a pheochromocytoma. The nurse should most closely monitor which assessment in the preoperative period?

Vital signs

The nurse is caring for a client with pheochromocytoma. The client asks for a snack and something warm to drink. Which is the appropriate choice for this client to meet nutritional needs?

Graham crackers and warm milk

A client with a pituitary tumor will undergo transsphenoidal hypophysectomy. The nurse reinforces which information in the preoperative teaching plan for the client?

Blowing the nose following surgery is prohibited.

The nurse reviews a plan of care for a postoperative client following a thyroidectomy and notes that the client is at risk for breathing difficulty. Which nursing intervention should the nurse include in the plan of care?

Monitor neck circumference frequently.

Which nursing action would be appropriate to implement when a client has a diagnosis of pheochromocytoma?

Monitor the client's blood pressure.