Endocrine System

Acromegaly is caused by the oversecretion of somatotropin in adults, causing:

Enlarged bones in the hands, face, and feet.

Lara is frightened and can feel her heart pound. What hormone is causing this reaction?

Epinephrine

Which of the following stimulates egg maturation in the ovary and release of sex hormones?

FSH

A teenage athlete might want to grow bigger and taller. What pituitary hormone might the teenager unwisely take?

GH

A patient is exhibiting symptoms of exophalmia, nervousness, and extreme weight loss while maintaining a normal or increased appetite might need evaluation for:

Graves' disease

What endocrine disorder can occur in countries that do not have iodized salt?

Hypothyroidism

A patient tells the doctor that he is having excessive urination. The doctor is considering diabetes insipidus or diabetes mellitus as a diagnosis. What tests or signs/symptoms would be indicative of diabetes insipidus?

Insufficiency of ADH

Which of the following statements regarding insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) is NOT true?

It is also called Type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Which of the following stimulates synthesis of skin pigments?

Melanocyte-stimulating hormone

When doctors wish to induce labor, a pregnant woman is given Pitocin, a synthetic form of what pituitary hormone?

Oxytocin

Which of the following stimulates the thyroid to release thyroxine?

TSH

Where is the adrenal gland located?

above the kidneys

Cushing's syndrome is a disorder of the:

adrenal gland

Epinephrine is also called:

adrenaline

Where is the pancreas located ?

along the lower curvature of the stomach; below liver

What hormones stimulate body hair, facial hair, large muscles and a deep voice?

androgens

Which hormone promotes the kidneys to reabsorb water?

antidiuretic hormone

Which of the following signals the kidneys to conserve more water?

antidiuretic hormone

Which disorder is characterized by enlarged facial bones and hands, thickened tongue and skin? This disorder can be treated medically, surgically, or with radiation.

Acromegaly

Which of the following stimulate the "flight or fight" response?

Adrenal medulla, Glucocorticoids

Which of the following causes the adrenal gland to release cortisol?

Adrenocorticotropic hormone

What diagnostic procedure might reveal a pituitary tumor?

Brain scan

What disorder might be treated with diet, exercise, and oral hypoglycemic drugs?

Diabetes mellitus

Where is the thyroid located?

at either side of the trachea (neck).

Which of the following hormones is secreted by the ovaries?

both estrogen and progesterone

Gynecomastia is the

development of breast tissue in a male

Robbie is 24 years old, four feet tall, has short arms, and normal mental development. He has:

dwarfism

Which of the following conditions is characterized by being abnormally short in height?

dwarfism

Which of the following hormones is critical in emergency situations?

epinephrine

Which term refers to bulging eyeballs?

exophthalmos

What symptoms would be exhibited by someone with hyperthyroidism?

extreme nervousness, irritability, and rapid pulse

Karla has an enlarged thyroid gland. The enlargement is called a/an:

goiter

Which of the following stimulates growth during infancy and puberty?

growth hormone

Which of the following terms means excessive calcium in the blood?

hypercalcemia

Which of the following terms means excessive potassium in the blood?

hyperkalemia

Which of the following terms means insufficient sugar in the blood?

hypoglycemia

Which of the following terms means insufficient sodium in the blood?

hyponatremia

The thyroid gland uses which of the following elements to make it's hormones?

iodine

Why is the pituitary called the master gland?

its hormones affect other glands

The parathyroid glands are located nearest what structure?

larynx

Which of the following is NOT an endocrine gland?

lymph gland

Where is the thymus located?

mediastinum/chest

Who would have the greatest likelihood of developing Type II diabetes mellitus?

obese child

Which of the following glands produces Estrogen?

ovary

If your body produced too much thyrotropin, you would have an:

overactive thyroid gland

Which of the following affects childbirth, lactation, and some behaviors?

oxytocin

Which of the following glands is both an endocrine and an exocrine gland?

pancreas

Insulin is secreted by the ______________ and is responsible for _________ blood sugar.

pancreas; lowering

Melatonin is secreted by the

pineal gland

Which item is referred to as the "master gland"?

pituitary

Calcitonin works to:

regulate calcium levels in the body

Which of the following regulates metabolism?

thyroid, thyroxine

Where is the pituitary gland located?

underneath the brain