Essential knowledge #1: Natural selection is a major mechanism of evolution. Essential knowledge #2: Natural selection acts on phenotypic variations in populations. Essential Knowledge #3: Evolutionary change is also driven by random processes

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point mutation

a single mutation that changes only 1 letter in a gene

stabilizing selection

maintains the status quo by selecting the mean phenotype and against either extreme

directional selection

most common selection; selection for either one of the extremes and against the opposite extreme

fitness

refection of how well an organism survives and reproduces in a given environment due to a specific collection of genetic traits

disrupting selection

selection for both extremes and against the mean phenotype

chromosomes

super coiled DNA


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