Exam 5

Common Tactical Picture (CTP)

An accurate and complete display of relevant tactical data that integrates tactical information from the multi-TDL network, composite tracking network, intelligence network, and ground digital network

TAOC equipment

Common Aviation Command and Control System Composite Tracking Network (CTN). RADAR

functions of TAOC equipment

Common Aviation Command and Control System. Integrates USMC aviation C2 into joint and combined theaters as well as sister services and/or coalition partners. Common tactical picture (air and ground tracks). 1) Expeditionary: Rapidly deployable, employable, and sustainable throughout the global operational environment. (2) Supportable: Equipment commonality replaces dissimilar systems and specialized maintenance support is reduced. (3) Adaptable: Scalability allows quick response and is flexible enough to meet varying mission requirements. (4) Networked: Interfaced to provide common access throughout MAGTF. Decision makers at every echelon have same information OODA loop. (5) Decentralized: Allows CAC2S-enabled echelons equal access to data, providing integrated capabilities for joint operations. CAC2S Phase 1.5 Components. There are two major systems of CAC2S: AN/TYQ-273 Processing and Display System (PDS) and AN/MRQ-13 Communication System (CS). (1) The PDS consists of the Operational Facility (OPFAC), the Operations Trailer (OT), and the Tactical Link Support Trailer (TLST). Composite Tracking Network (CTN). The CTN allows the TAOC to participate in the Cooperative Engagement Capability (CEC) Network. RADAR. The TAOC has two RADARs, the AN/TPS-59(V)3 and the AN/TPS-80 Ground/Air Task Oriented RADAR (G/ATOR)

Data Forwarding

Data forwarding is the process of receiving data on one data link and outputting the data in the proper format and protocol of a different data link. Data forwarding allows information exchange between units participating on different data links

Reporting Unit (RU)

Definition: A unit that participates on Link 11B. Link 11B units use a three digit octal address.

identify the definition and purpose of information security

Definition: is the protection of information and information systems against unauthorized access or modification of information. Purpose:

purpose of a Network Time Reference (NTR)

A subscriber JTIDS terminal that is assigned as the reference for system time for each synchronized netted system. allows multiple agencies to get on the same page to transfer data.

characteristics of Link 16

High Capacity Resistant Jam Secure Extended Line of Sight Flexible Interoperable Navigation Voice: Identifications Track Quality Joint Range Extension Application Protocol (JREAP)

station modes Link 11

Net control Station (NCS) Picket Picket / Radio Silence

DASC equipment

RADAR CAC2S Communications.

Participating Unit (PU)

A Participating Unit that communicates on Link 11. Link 11 units use a two digit octal address.

information flow hierarchy

(1) Data (Raw Signals) (2) Processed Data (Formatted, plotted, translated) (3) Knowledge (Correlated, fused, analyzed, displayed) (4) Understanding (Synthesized visualized)

COMSEC includes all of the following

(a) Transmission Security (TRANSEC) (b) Emission Security (TEMPEST) (c) Cryptographic Security (d) Physical Security

Combat Operations Center Version 2 (COC V2)

). The Combat Operations Center (COC), is designed to provide centralized Command and Control (C²) operational facilities to collect, process, and disseminate tactical data for the commander and staff.

Understanding

-developing an _______________ of the situation based on the information available -Situational Awareness

Processed Data

-putting information into a readily interpretable form, such as a graphical display or a formatted message. -decoding and translating intercepted communication -filtering and correlating sensor returns -developing film

TDL equipment that the MACCS uses for Beyond Line of Sight connectivity

AN/PRC-177F radios that utilize shelter mounted antennas, external remote antennas, and/or a dedicated SATCOM antenna

MATCD equipment

AN/TPN-31A Air Traffic Navigation, Integration, and Coordination System (ATNAVICS) Control Towers. Navigational Aids (NAVAIDS). AN/TMQ-56 Meteorological Mobile Facility (Replacement) Next Generation [MetMF(R) NEXGEN].

Functions of MATCD Equipment

AN/TPN-31A Air Traffic Navigation, Integration, and Coordination System (ATNAVICS). MATCDs use the ATNAVICS for surveillance around airfield or air strips and to allow aircraft to land in adverse weather conditions. Control Towers: (1) AN/TSQ-120C: The primary expeditionary tower, the AN/TSQ-120B, is a three position control tower with ten telephone lines --Remote landing site tower (HMMWV based) NAVAIDS, --Tactical aid to navigation (TACAN) AN/TMQ-56 Meteorological Mobile Facility (Replacement) Next Generation [MetMF(R) NEXGEN]. This system automatically acquires data from meteorological satellite data, local and remote meteorological sensors, Doppler radar, and organic communications channels.

TACC equipment

Combat Operations Center Version 2 (COC V2) AN/TYQ-101A Communication Data Link System (CDLS) AN/MRQ-13 Communication System (CS) Theater Battle Management Core System (TBMCS). Advanced Field Artillery Tactical Data System (AFATDS). The Tactical Common Operational Picture (COP) Server (TCS). The Tactical Common Operational Picture (COP) workstation (TCS). Blue force tracking (BFT) Tactical Operations Center (TOC) System

functions of TACC equipment

Combat Operations Center Version 2 (COC V2). The Combat Operations Center (COC), is designed to provide centralized Command and Control (C²) operational facilities to collect, process, and disseminate tactical data for the commander and staff. The mission of the Communications Data Link System (CDLS) is to process information from multiple information sources to produce a single integrated picture and manage dissemination of the resultant picture to the users in the required format in near-real-time for both operations and intelligence elements. AN/MRQ-13 Communication System (CS). The CS provides an interface for internal and external communications and consists of 11 AN/VRC-103 (V)3 VHF/ UHF/ SATCOM radios, two 2 AN/VRC-104 HF with a slot for a 3rd, and DSAN components Theater Battle Management Core System (TBMCS). TBMCS is the primary Air C2 system within the Tactical Air Command Center (TACC), providing the tools necessary to generate, disseminate, and execute, the Air Battle Plan (ABP), Air Tasking Order (ATO) and Airspace Control Order (ACO) within a theater of operations Advanced Field Artillery Tactical Data System (AFATDS). AFATDS is the primary Fire Support System in the Marine Corps. It is fielded within all elements of the Marine Air Ground Task Force (MAGTF). AFATDS Operates with all current and planned U.S. fire support systems, as well as Allied field artillery C2 systems. The Tactical Common Operational Picture (COP) Server (TCS). The principal tool within the Marine Air Ground Task Force (MAGTF) for situational awareness through distribution of the Common Operational Picture (COP). The Tactical Common Operational Picture (COP) workstation (TCW). The TCW serves as a Planning and Operations component of the Marine Corps Command and Control System. The TCW is capable of providing commanders with rapid receipt, storage, and retrieval of all-source intelligence data. Blue Force Tracker (BFT), Tactical Operations Center (TOC) sit is an automated digital role-based battle command system that provides near real-time horizontal and vertical position information at all echelons.

What is cryptographic Security?

Crypto is the third line of defense for a radio operator. Cryptosecurity deals with codes, key lists, and communications security devices. (Aids in the passing of critical/classified material.)

identify the definition and purpose of Joint Range Extension Application Protocol (JREAP)

DEFINITION: JREAP is the protocol used for the transmission and reception of tactical digital data over communications media not designed for those specialized data formats Purpose: purpose is that it enables tactical data to be transmitted over digital media and networks not originally designed for tactical data exchange.

What is Emission Security (TEMPEST)

Emission security (TEMPEST) is the component of COMSEC that results from all measures taken to deny unauthorized persons information of value that might be derived from interception and analysis. The operation of communications and information systems may result in unintentional electromagnetic emissions.

What is /the purpose of a JSIR?

If radio operators suspect that their radios are the targets of threat jamming, the crew leadership should be immediately notified, a Joint Spectrum Interference Report (JSIR) completed and properly routed.

identify the definition and purpose of encryption, in order to pass an exam

Included in modern equipment; contributes to communications protection.

characteristics of quality information

Information that is reliable and useful

characteristics and purpose of Identify Friend or Foe (IFF)

It consists of the IFF antenna, which is mounted on the Stinger launcher, the IFF belt pack that is carried by the LAAD gunner, and the IFF programmer which loads IFF information into the IFF belt pack. It can interrogate aircraft out to 11NM. The IFF classifies them as either, friendly, possible friendly, or unknown. It does not identify hostile aircraft. IFF is only an aid in identification and engagement.

identify the three types of JREAP:

JREAP A(half duplex), JREAP B(full duplex/phone), JREAP C(Internet protocol)

JTIDS Unit (JU). .

JTIDS Unit (JU). Definition: JTIDS/MIDS unit that communicates on Link 16. Link 16 units use up to a five digit octal address.

levels of the tactical picture

Land Air Maritime Special Ops Intel

functions of DASC equipment

RADAR. The DASC procedurally controls aircraft while integrating supporting arms. The DASC has no organic radar, nor does it require one to perform any part of their mission. b. CAC2S. In order to effectively control aircraft, the DASC uses CAC2S, which we have covered in detail in the TAOC section of this class. c. Communications. The DASC has a variety of single channel radios at its disposal in order to effectively control aircraft.

Characteristics of MAGTF Communications System (MCS)

Reliability Interoperability Security Timeliness Survivability Flexibility

Unit System Coordination Center (USCC)

SYSTEM CENTER in the TAOM

LAAD Equipment

Section Leader Vehicle (SLV). Advanced Man-Portable Air Defense (MANPAD). FIM-92E Stinger Missile. AN/PXX-3A/B. AN/PAS-18 Wide Angle Stinger Pointer (WASP).

MWCS Equipment

Section Leader Vehicle (SLV). Advanced Man-Portable Air Defense (MANPAD). FIM-92E Stinger Missile. AN/PXX-3A/B. AN/PAS-18 Wide Angle Stinger Pointer (WASP). Single Channel Radio (SCR). AN/TSQ-228 Data Communications

Functions of MWCS Equipment

Single Channel Radio (SCR). MWCS provides internal communication coordination nets for the units it is supporting. --HF Radios: 3.00 MHz to 30.00 MHz. Known to civilians as HAM radio or Shortwave. --Multiband Radios: VHF frequency: 30.00 to 300 MHz. Radios have frequency hopping / single channel capability but are limited to Line of Sight (LOS). AN/TSQ-228 Data Communications. MWCS provides all external data services and some internal data services for the MACCS. There are three sub-sets: networking, small computer systems, and message center. --Data distribution system, transition switch module(TSM), lightweight multi-band Satellite terminal: Multi-band SATCOM antenna(LMST), Very Small Aperture Terminal (VSAT)

identify radio/telephone procedures

Strict radio discipline and adherence to authorized procedures are key to ensuring TRANSEC. SINCGARS radios should be operated in a frequency hopping mode to provide maximum protection against enemy EW capabilities

characteristics of information security

The MCS should provide security in accordance with the user's requirements, and with consideration to the vulnerability. (1) Security can be achieved by the usage of appropriate protection and cryptographic systems and transmission security techniques. (2) The education and training of personnel in operational management, and technical security procedures also reinforce good security habits.

characteristics of TAOC RADARs

The TAOC has two RADARs, the AN/TPS-59(V)3 and the AN/TPS-80 Ground/Air Task Oriented RADAR (G/ATOR). Both of these are covered in greater detail in ACC.03.03 RADAR Fundamentals.

The Tactical Common Operational Picture (COP) workstation (TCS). Blue force tracking (BFT) Tactical Operations Center (TOC) System

The Tactical Common Operational Picture (COP) Server (TCS). The principal tool within the Marine Air Ground Task Force (MAGTF) for situational awareness through distribution of the Common Operational Picture (COP). g. The Tactical Common Operational Picture (COP) workstation (TCW). The TCW serves as a Planning and Operations component of the Marine Corps Command and Control System. The TCW is capable of providing commanders with rapid receipt, storage, and retrieval of all-source intelligence data. h. Blue force tracking (BFT) Tactical Operations Center (TOC) System. Blue Force Tracker (BFT), Tactical Operations Center (TOC) sit is an automated digital role-based battle command system that provides near real-time horizontal and vertical position information at all echelons. The system transmits, receives and displays Situational Awareness (SA) information and Command and Control (C2) messages.

Definition of a track

The actual path of an aircraft above or a ship on the surface of the earth.

components of the air picture

The air picture is distributed as a real-time composite air picture. This network also has the ability to control weapons not organic to a site. Atop the CTN antenna mast is the Compact Solid State Antenna (CSSA). It is a circular, omni-directional, phased array antenna. It provides interface into the CEC Network with line-of-sight (LOS) communications with other CEC antennas.

Common Operational Picture (COP)

The integrated capability to receive, correlate, and display a common tactical picture that also incorporates planning applications and theater-generated overlays/projections (e.g., meteorological and oceanographic [METOC], battle plans, force position projections).

Reporting Responsibility (R2)

The interfacing unit with the highest track quality has ______________. In the TAOM, tracks with a remote IU R2 are displayed with a box around them.

Purpose of Brevity Code Words

The purpose __________ is to supply words which provide no security but simply shorten messages rather than conceal their content. Code words can be found in the several operations documents to include: ATO, ACO, OpOrder, etc

Purpose of the authentications process?

To protect against deception

Concurrent Interface Unit (CIU)

Unit that is capable of operating on two different types of data links at the same time but is unable to forward information between the two data links.

Firewall Exemption Request (FER)

When operating JREAP C, one has to create a path for a piece of equipment on one Local Area Network to talk to another piece of equipment on another Local Area Network. These networks are protected by firewalls, which are intended to keep unauthorized users from getting into that network. In order to get through the firewall, a path must be created. This is done by filling out a __________.

What are call words?

________Provide prounounceable words that a communications facility, authority, activity, activity. or unit can be used over unsecrured means of communications to mask the identity of the info that they are passing.

Link 11

a Half-duplex, netted circuit, secure data link that operates in a roll call manner

Data link Reference Point (DLRP)

a fixed geographic reference point that interfacing units use to report their positions to the data link

Joint Data Network (JDN)

a network of communications-electronics systems that carries tactical data link (TDL) and multi-sensor early warning information within the theater in support of joint theater air, missile defense, and attack operations in the form of counter-air, interdiction, close air support (CAS), suppression of enemy air defense (SEAD), and time-critical targeting (TCT) prosecution.

two types of synchronization required to operate Link 16

b. Coarse Synchronization: The state of sync with system time that allows a terminal to receive and process messages and to achieve fine sync. c. Fine Synchronization: The state of sync with system time that allows a JTIDS terminal to transmit messages. A terminal may utilize passive or active sync procedures to achieve fine sync.

Track Production Areas (TPAs)

designate track reporting responsibilities to a unit that is most capable of providing valid track information based on inherent RADAR capabilities/coverage

Knowledge

information is analyzed and evaluated to produce _____________

Joint Interface Control Officer (JICO)

manage the multi-TDL network in a joint environment so that a seamless consistent tactical picture is provided for command and control through all phases of a campaign. The _____________ is responsible for the planning, coordination, establishment, and maintenance of the joint Multi-TDL Network (MTN).

Track Quality

measure of track positional accuracy

Interface Coordination Officer (ICO)

normally assigned for smaller exercises or operations. The purpose of the ____________ is to orchestrate both the planning and the real-time operation of the Link interfaces, providing communications for a multi-TDL operation

Commander's Critical Information Requirement (CCRI)

priority intelligence requirements (PIRs) -friendly force information requirements (FFIRs) -essential elements of friendly information (EEFI)

Data

radar signals intercepted radio signals meteorological data from a weather balloon barcoded logistic data scanned from the side of a container. To be useful, this must be processed into a form that can be understood by the end user

Airspace Control Authority (ACA)

responsibilities include coordinating and integrating the use of the airspace control area, and subject to the authority and approval of the JFC, the ACA develops broad policies and procedures for airspace control and for the coordination required among units within the area of operations. The ACA establishes an airspace control system that is responsive to the needs of the JFC, provides for integration of the airspace control system with that of the host-nation, and coordinates and deconflicts user requirements

Joint Force Air Component Commander (JFACC)

responsibilities include planning, coordinating, allocating, and tasking for air operations based on the JFC's apportionment decision.

Area Air Defense Commander (AADC)

responsibilities of the ______________ to integrate the operation of all air defense systems, to include data Links, are interrelated with those of the ACA and to publish the information required to establish an interface to support the airspace control and air defense plan established by the joint forces command. a. Maintaining close coordination with ACA and Air Control Plan (ACP). b. Establishing an Area Air Defense Network. c. Tactical Picture Interface. d. Dissemination of the Operational Tasking Data Links (OPTASKLINK) and Tactical Operational Data (TACOPDAT).

Joint Data Network Operations Officer (JDNO)

responsible for providing a fused, accurate, timely, relevant, complete, usable, and secure display of operational and tactical data, supporting JTF C2 through the integration of JDN information. The duties of the ______________ include but are not limited to the following: a. Develop, monitor, assess, and manage the CTP. b. Provide oversight and coordination of the CJE to ensure essential elements of information are forwarded as required. c. Disseminate the CTP to senior, subordinate, and adjacent commands. d. Coordinate with the CJE to ensure JOA IERs are met. e. Coordinate with the Service components to identify supporting C2 systems architectures

definition Link 16

secure, high capacity, node-less, jam resistant data link which uses the Multi-functional Information Distribution System (MIDS) transmission characteristics, and the protocols, conventions, and fixed-length message formats defined by the MIL-STD 6016

What is Transmission security(TRANSEC)?

that component of COMSEC that results from all measures designed to protect transmissions from interception and exploitation by means other than cryptoanalysis.

definition of the Multi-Tactical Data Link Network (MTN)

the Multi-TDL Architecture (MTA) systems and associated tactical data that support the JDN production of the Common Tactical Picture (CTP). It is the physical configuration, functional organization, and operational procedures used in the design, establishment, modification, and operation of TDL networks and associated voice circuits

Multi-TDL Network (MTN)

the Multi-TDL Architecture (MTA) systems and associated tactical data that support the JDN production of the Common Tactical Picture (CTP). It is the physical configuration, functional organization, and operational procedures used in the design, establishment, modification, and operation of TDL networks and associated voice circuits.

definition of a Tactical Data Link (TDL)

the exchange of tactical information between one system's computer and another's. The information is transmitted and received via radio, satellite or wire communications, depending on the interfacing unit's capabilities, geographic location, or atmospheric conditions

Full Duplex

transmit and receive at the same time

Half Duplex

transmit and receive data one at a time

Data Link Address (DLA)

up to five octal or alphanumeric numbers depending on the type of data link assigned to individual interfacing units (IU).