Exam 5 A&P

coronoid process and condylar process

2 projections of the ramus

tip, blade, dorm, root/base, body

5 parts of the tongue

speaking rate slower, oral cavity increases, tissues thinner, drier//

8 effects of aging

inferior longitudinal

____ _____ inserts near the lower surface of the tongue tip

transverse

____ inserts in the fibrous tissue along the side of the tongue

inferior longitudinal; root

_____ ______ originates from the hyoid bone at the ____ of the tongue

middle; median raphe

_____ constrictor originates from the greater and lesser horns of the hyoid bone and stylohyoid ligament and inserts into the ___________ of the posterior pharyngeal wall

vertical

_____ originates from just beneath the dorsum of the tongue

styloglossus

_____ originates from the side of the styloid process of the temporal bone and the stylomandibular ligament

oral; oral; alveolar

_____ vestibule is the front part of the _____ cavity and includes the lips, cheeks, front teeth and anterior segments of the ________ process of the maxilla and mandible

internal pteryoid

______ ______ inserts on the surface of the angle and ramus of the mandible

mucous

______ lining covers the inner surface of the pharyngeal-oral apparatus

constrictors; inward; forward

______ pull pharyngeal walls ______ and ________ to constrictor the pharynx

transverse

_______ originates from the median fibrous skeleton of the tongue

inferior; posterior

________ constrictor originates from the sides of the thyroid and cricoid cartilages and inserts in the median raphe of the _________ pharyngeal wall

temporalis; parietal

________ originates from the inferior temporal line of the _______ bone and greater wing of the sphenoid bone

stylopharyngeus; temporal; middle

________ originates from the styloid process of the ________ bone and inserts in the lateral pharyngeal wall near the juncture of the superior and _______ constrictor muscles and into the thyroid cartilage

alveolar; downward

________ process extends ______ and houses the upper teeth

temporalis; coronoid

_________ inserts on the inner surface and front border on the ________ process and front surface of the ramus of the mandible

mylohyoid

_________ originates along the inner surface of the body of the mandible

external pteryoid; lateral

_________ originates from the greater wing of the sphenoid bone and from the ________ pteryoid plate

stylopharyngeus

__________ pulls on the pharynx and pulls the lateral walls outward (widens the pharynx)

tongue; pockets; taste buds

a specialized mucosa covers the _________ that contains small ________ that house _________

stratified squamous epithelium

another name for pharyngeal-oral apparatus

mandible

another name for the lower jaw

ramus

branch from the body of each side

hyoglossus

contraction lowers the tongue body and draws it backward

styloglossus

contraction of ____ can draw the tongue body upward and backward, pull the side of the tongue upward, shorten the tongue, and/or pull the tongue tip toward the side

inferior longitudinal

contraction of the ____ ____ shortens the tongue and pulls the tip downward

superior longitudinal; upward

contraction of the _____ ______ can shorten the tongue, pull the tip _____ and pull the lateral margins upward

vertical

contraction of the ______ flattens the tongue

geniohyoid; hyoid

contraction of the ______ pulls down on the mandible (with the ____ bone relatively fixed)

transverse

contraction of the _______ narrows and elongates the tongue

palatoglossus; inward

contraction of the _______ pulls upward, backward and ______ on the root of the tongue

downward; fixed

contraction of the digastric pulls ________ on the mandible (with the hyoid bone relatively _____)

downward; forward

contraction of the external pteryoid pulls the mandible _________ and ________

upward; backward

contraction of the inner layer of the masseter pulls _________ and _________ on the mandible

upward

contraction of the internal pteryoid pulls _______ on the mandible

down; fixed

contraction of the mylohyoid pulls _____ on the mandible (with the hyoid bone relatively ________)

upward

contraction of the outer layer of the masseter pulls _______ on the mandible

upward; backward

contraction of the temporalis pulls ______ and ______ on the mandible

men have larger pharyngeal-oral structures, pharynx relatively longer in men, men are stronger and speak faster

differences between sexes

palatine; horizontally; palatine; 3/4ths

each bone of the maxilla has a _________ process that extends ________ to midline and joins with the _________process form the opposite side to form the front ______ of the hard palate

condyle

external pteryoid inserts into the neck of the ________ of the mandible

styloglossus, palatoglossus, hypoglossus, genioglossus

extrinsic lingual muscles

10

how many baby teeth are replaced by permanent teeth

16

how permanent teeth do we have?

palatoglossus

inserts into the side of the root of the tongue

hyoglossus

inserts into the side of the tongue near the back

superior/inferior longitudinal, transverse, vertical

intrinsic lingual muscles

cranium (braincase) and facial skeleton

name 2 divisions of the skull

thyropharyngeus (upper) and criciopharyngeus (lower)

name the 2 parts of the inferior constrictor

pharyngeal; oral; buccal

name the 3 cavities

pharynx, mandible, tongue, lips

name the 4 muscles

massester, temporalis, integral pterygoid, external pteryoid, digastric, mylohyoid, geniohyoid

name the 7 mandibular muscles

genioglossus

originates from the inner surface of the body of the mandible near the midline

hyoglossus

originates from the upper border of the body and greater cornua of the hyoid bone

vertical

the ____ inserts near the sides of the lower surface of the tongue

superior longitudinal; front; upper

the _____ _____ inserts into the _____ edges of the tongue and the _____ surface of the tongue tip

buccal; gums; teeth

the ______ cavity constitutes the space between the _______ and the _______ (gingival) internally and the lips and cheeks externally

buccal

the _______ cavity lies to the sides of the oral cavity. it constitutes the space between the gum and the teeth and the lips and cheeks externally

oral

the ________ cavity extends from the lips to the anterior facial pillars

internal pterygoid; palatine

the _________ _______ originates from the lateral pterygoid plate and perpendicular plate of the ________ bone

Temporomandibular; capsule

the _________ joints are enclosed by fibrous _______ and are lubricated by synovial fluid

behind; 3; pharynx

the cervical vertebrae lie just ______ the ____ subdivisions of the ________

tendon

the digastric (anterior belly) inserts into a ....

rising and lowering movements of the mandible relative to the skull

the hinge-like movement of the mandible is reflected in:

masseter; ramus; coronoid

the inner layer of the _________ originates from the entire length of the zygomatic arch and inserts into the outer surface of the upper half of the __________ and its ________ process

2; midline

the maxilla is ___ bones that combine at ________

upper; hard

the maxilla is the _____ jaw and most of the _____ palate

condylar process

the movement of the temporomandibular joint occurs at the

epithelium; connective tissue

the mucous lining consists of an outer layer of _________ and inner layer of ____________ (lamina propria)

external pterygoid muscle

the muscle that has the best capabilities ability to slide the mandible forward relative to the skull is the

superior and inferior longitudinal muscles

the muscles that run from the back to front of the tongue included the

ramus

the nearly vertical part of the mandible is called the:

masseter; zygomatic; ramus

the outer layer (bulk of muscle) of the _________ originates along the front part of the _________ arch and inserts on the angle and outer surface of the _______ of the mandible

vertebral column; bones

the skeleton includes portions of the _______ and _____ of the skull

the tooth-bearing process of both the maxilla and mandible

the term "alveolar process" is applied to

all have some attachment to the hyoid bone

the three muscles the can pull down on the mandible

alveolar process

tooth-bearing portion

buccal

what cavity lies to the sides of the oral cavity?

masticatory mucosa (with collagen sub flooring)

what covers the gums and hard palate?

internal pteryoid

what forms a muscular sling with the masseter around the angle of the mandible?

mylohyoid

what inserts into a tendinous midline raphe or the most front surface on hyoid bone?

styloglossus

what inserts into the sides of the root of the tongue and from the fibers run in various directions

mandible

what is another word for the lower jaw

the maxilla

what is formed from two separate bones, both of which join in the midline

the space between the gums and teeth and the cheeks and lips

what is the best definition of the buccal cavity

the bulk of the tongue is made up of the muscles plus non-muscluar connective tissue

what is the best description concerning the anatomical structure of the tongue

pharynx

what is the name of the tube that can be changed in shape and size by pharyngeal muscles and surrounding structure

superior longitudinal; root

what originates from the hyoid bone within the ___ of the tongue

geniohyoid; hyoid

what originates from the inner surface of the front of the mandible to the front of the body of the _______ bone (runs essentially parallel to the anterior belly of the digastric)

digastric (anterior belly)

what originates from the inside of the lower border of the mandible

palatoglossus

what originates from the lower surface of the palatal aponeurosis (broad fibrous tissue

masticatory mucosa

what type of mucosa with collagen subflooring covers the gums and hard palate

the tongue will narrow and lengthen

when the transverse muscle of the tongue contrasts what is likely to happen to the tongue shape (assuming all other muscle contractions are held constant)

temporomandibular

which joints have an ovoid process that fits into an oval shape within the temporal bone. ( can be plated just below ear canals when mandible is raised/lowered)

temporomandibular ligaments

which ligaments stabilize the limit the movements of the temporomandibular joints

styloglossus muscle

which of the extrinsic muscles of the tongue has the best capability to pull the root of the tongue upward and backward

because the tongue behaves like an incompressible bag of water (like a muscular hydrostat)

why does the tongue flatten and get broader (greater side-to-side dimensions) when its vertical muscle fibers contract (assuming all other muscle contractions are held constant)