Exercise 2: Organ Systems Overview
What organ system protects underlying organs from drying out and from mechanical damage?
The Integumentary System
Define tissue.
A tissue is a group of cells that are similar in structure and function.
Define Organ.
An organ is a structure composed of two or more tissue types that performs a specific function for the body.
Define organ.
An organ is a structure composed of two or more tissue types that performs a specific function for the body.
What organ system contains the heart, blood vessels, and blood?
Cardiovascular System
The thin muscle that separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities is the ____________.
Diaphragm. The thin muscle that separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities is the diaphragm.
What are the four tissue types?
Epithelial, muscle, nervous, and connective tissue
What is the function of the endocrine system?
Function: -Helps maintain body homeostasis, promotes growth and development; produces chemical messengers called hormones that travel in the blood to exert their effect(s) on various target organs of the body
What organ system contains lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, spleen, thymus, tonsils, and scattered collections of lymphoid tissue?
Lymphatic/Immunity System
What organ system contains the brain, spinal core, nerves, and sensory receptors?
Nervous System
The ______________ system is responsible for maintaining homeostasis of the body via rapid transmission of electrical signals.
Nervous System The nervous system is responsible for maintaining homeostasis of the body via rapid transmission of electrical signals.
What organ system contains the testes, prostate gland, scrotum, penis, ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, mammary glands, and vagina?
Reproductive System
What organ system contains nasal passages, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs?
Respiratory System
What organ system has these functions? -Picks up fluid leaked from the blood vessels and returns it to the blood -Cleanses blood of pathogens and other debris -Houses lymphocytes that act via the immune response to protect the body from foreign substances
The Lymphatic/immune System.
What body cavity does the esophagus belong in?
The esophagus belongs in the thoracic body cavity
What body cavity does the heart belong in?
The heart belongs in the thoracic body cavity
What organ system is damaged when you cut your fingers or get a severe burn?
The integumentary System
What organ system contains the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra?
Urinary System
The kidneys are part of the ______________ system.
Urinary system. The kidneys are part of the urinary system.
Define organ system.
An organ system is a group of organs that act together to perform a particular body function.
The small intestine is example of a(n)________, because it is composed of two or more tissue types that perform a particular function for the body. A. Epithelial tissue B. Muscular tissue C. Organ D. Organ System
C. Organ The small intestine is example of an organ, because it is composed of two or more tissue types that perform a particular function for the body.
Name the structural and functional unit of all living things.
Cells
What organ system contains the oral cavity, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestines, and accessory structures including teeth salivary glands, liver and pancreas?
Digestive System
What organ system contains the pituitary, thymus, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, and pineal glands; ovaries, testes, and pancreas?
Endocrine System
What is the function of the reproductive system?
Functions: - Provides germ cells called sperm for perpetuation of the species -Provides germ cells called eggs; the female uterus houses the developing uterus util birth; mammary glands provide nutrition for the infant. .
What is the function of the nervous system?
Functions: -Allows body to detect changes in its internal and external environment and to respond to such information by activating appropriate muscles or glands. -Helps maintain homeostasis of the body via rapid transmission of electrical signals.
What is the function of the skeletal system?
Functions: -Body support and protection of internal organs -Provides levers for muscular action -Cavities provide a site for blood cell formation
What is the function of the lymphatic/immunity system?
Functions: -Picks up fluid leaked from the blood vessels and returns it to the blood -Cleanses blood of pathogens and other debris -Houses lymphocytes that act via the immune response to protect the body from foreign substances
What is the function of the muscular system?
Functions: -Primary function is to contract or shorten; in doing so, skeletal muscles allow locomotion (running, walking , etc) grasping and manipulation of the environment, and facial expression. -Generates heat.
What is the function of the integumentary system?
Functions: -Protects deeper organs from mechanical, chemical, and bacterial injury, and from drying out. -Excretes salts and urea -Aids in regulation of body temperature -Produces vitamin D
What is the function of the urinary system?
Functions: - Rids the body of nitrogen-containing wastes including urea, uric acid, and ammonia, which result from the breakdown of proteins and nucleic acids. -Maintains water, electrolyte, and acid-base balance of blood.
What is the function of the digestive system?
Functions: -Breaks down ingested foods to smaller particles, which can be absorbed into the blood for delivery to the body cells. -Undigested residue removed from the body as feces
What is the function of the respiratory system?
Functions: -Keeps blood continuously supplied with oxygen while removing carbon dioxide. -Contributes to the acid-base balance of the blood via its carbonic acid-bicarbonate bugger system.
What is the function of the cardiovascular system?
Functions: -Primarily a transport system that carries blood containing oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, wastes, ions, hormones, and other substances to and from the tissue cells where exchanges are made; blood is propelled through the blood vessels by the pumping action of the heart. -Antibodies and other protein molecules in the blood protect the body
What organ system contains epidermal and dermal regions; cutaneous sense organs and glands?
Integumentary System
What organ system contains muscles attached to the skeleton?
Muscular System
What organ system contains bones, cartilage, tendons, ligaments, and joints?
Skeletal System
What organ system delivers oxygen and nutrients to the tissues?
The Cardiovascular System
What organ system has these functions? -Primarily a transport system that carries blood containing oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, wastes, ions, hormones, and other substances to and from the tissue cells where exchanges are made; blood is propelled through the blood vessels by the pumping action of the heart. -Antibodies and other protein molecules in the blood protect the body
The Cardiovascular System
What organ system includes the heart?
The Cardiovascular System
What organ system breaks down ingested food into its building blocks?
The Digestive System
What organ system do the esophagus, large intestine, and rectum belong to?
The Digestive System
What organ system has these functions? -Breaks down ingested foods to smaller particles, which can be absorbed into the blood for delivery to the body cells. -Undigested residue removed from the body as feces
The Digestive System
What organ system controls the body by means of chemical molecules called hormones?
The Endocrine System
What organ system do the pancreas, pituitary, and adrenals belong to?
The Endocrine System
What organ system has these functions? -Helps maintain body homeostasis, promotes growth and development; produces chemical messengers called hormones that travel in the blood to exert their effect(s) on various target organs of the body
The Endocrine System
What organ system is affected by removal of the thyroid gland?
The Endocrine System
What organ system do the epidermis, dermis and the cutaneous sense organs belong to?
The Integumentary System
What organ system has these functions? -Protects deeper organs from mechanical, chemical, and bacterial injury, and from drying out. -Excretes salts and urea -Aids in regulation of body temperature -Produces vitamin D
The Integumentay System
What organ system does the thymus, spleen and lymphatic vessels belong to?
The Lymphatic/immune System
What organ system protects the body; destroys bacteria and tumor cells?
The Lymphatic/immune System
What organ system do the muscles of the thigh and postural muscles belong to?
The Muscular System
What organ system has these functions? -Primary function is to contract or shorten; in doing so, skeletal muscles allow locomotion (running, walking , etc) grasping and manipulation of the environment, and facial expression. -Generates heat.
The Muscular System
What organ system moves the limbs; facilitates facial expression?
The Muscular System
What organ system has these functions? -Allows body to detect changes in its internal and external environment and to respond to such information by activating appropriate muscles or glands. -Helps maintain homeostasis of the body via rapid transmission of electrical signals.
The Nervous System
What organ system do the testis, ductus deferens, and urethra belong to?
The Reproductive System
What organ system facilitates conception and childbearing?
The Reproductive System
What organ system has a menstrual cycle in females?
The Reproductive System
What organ system has these functions? - Provides germ cells called sperm for perpetuation of the species -Provides germ cells called eggs; the female uterus houses the developing uterus util birth; mammary glands provide nutrition for the infant. .
The Reproductive System
What organ system do the trachea, bronchi, and lungs belong to?
The Respiratory System
What organ system has these functions? -Keeps blood continuously supplied with oxygen while removing carbon dioxide. -Contributes to the acid-base balance of the blood via its carbonic acid-bicarbonate bugger system.
The Respiratory System
What organ system removes carbon dioxide from the blood?
The Respiratory System
What organ system do the bones, cartilages, and tendons belong to?
The Skeletal System
What organ system has these functions? -Body support and protection of internal organs -Provides levers for muscular action -Cavities provide a site for blood cell formation
The Skeletal System
What organ system provides support and levers on which the muscular system acts?
The Skeletal System
What organ system conserves body water or eliminates excesses?
The Urinary System
What organ system has these functions? - Rids the body of nitrogen-containing wastes including urea, uric acid, and ammonia, which result from the breakdown of proteins and nucleic acids. -Maintains water, electrolyte, and acid-base balance of blood.
The Urinary System
What organ system rids the body of nitrogen-containing wastes?
The Urinary System
Define cell
The basic unit or building block of all living things is the cell.
What body cavity does the large intestine belong in?
The large intestine belongs in the abdominal body cavity
What body cavity does the liver belong in?
The liver belongs in the abdominal body cavity
What body cavity does the rectum belong in?
The rectum belongs in the pelvic body cavity
What body cavity does the spinal cord belong in?
The spinal cord belongs in the spinal body cavity
What body cavity does the stomach belong in?
The stomach belongs in the abdominal body cavity
What body cavity does the trachea belong in?
The trachea belongs in the thoracic body cavity
What body cavity does the urinary bladder belong in?
The urinary bladder belongs in the pelvic body cavity
How many organ systems are there? Name them and briefly describe.
There are 11 organ systems. Integumentary - skin Skeletal - bones Muscular - muscles Nervous - nerves, brain Endocrine - hormones Cardiovascular - heart, blood Lymphatic/Immunity - lymph nodes Respiratory - lungs Digestive - food breakdown Urinary - waste Reproductive - genitals