FACE AND NECK REVIEW QUESTIONS

torticollis

twisted neck

A thyroid isthmus that measures greater than _____ mm is indicative of thyroid enlargement.

10

Parathyroid glands control the release and absorption of which nutrient?

calcium

What type of gland is the thyroid gland?

endocrine

What structure may be confused for a thyroid or parathyroid mass because of its relationship to the trachea and the posterior aspect of the left thyroid gland?

esophagus

Rare, pediatric fibrous tumor located within the sternocleidomastoid muscle

fibromatosis colli

What is associated with congenital muscular torticollis?

fibromatosis colli

psammoma bodies are

punctate clacific deposits

what is the first branch of the external carotid artery?

superior thyroid artery

sialadenosis

benign, painless enlargement of a salivary gland

A normal lymph node will not measure greater than

10mm

What is the most common cause of hypothyroidism?

Hashimoto's thyroiditis

Which of the following would be a malignant thyroid nodule?

cold nodule

Benign congenital cysts located superior to the thyroid gland near the hyoid bone are referred to as

thyroglossal duct cysts

Normally, how many parathyroid glands are found within the adult neck?

4

Which of the following best describes the normal appearance of a cervical lymph node? A. A hypoechoic, oblong structure with a distinct echogenic hilum B. A rounded, echogenic structure with small calcifications C. A solid, hypoechoic mass that measures greater than 1 cm D. A solid, echogenic mass that measures less than 1 cm

A

Which of the following is the hormone that is the most abundantly produced by the thyroid? A. thyroxine B. iodine C. triiodothyronine D. calcitonin

A

A 45 year old female patient presents to the sonography department with a palpable neck mass 6 months following thyroidectomy for papillary carcinoma. Which of the following would be the most likely etiology of the palpable mass? A. Torticollis B. Lymphadenopathy C. Sialadenitis D. Graves disease

B

All of the following are hormones produced by the thyroid except: A. thryoxine B. iodine C. triiodothyronine D. calcitonin

B

All of the following are sonographic findings of an abnormal lymph node except: A. rounded shape B. echogenic hilum C. calcifications D. enlargement

B

All of the following are sonographic findings of malignant thyroid nodules except: A. Internal calcifications B. Hyperechoic mass C. Cervical node involvement D. Solitary mass

B

A cystic mass noted at the mandibular angle is most likely a

Branchial cleft cysts

All of the following are diagnostic findings of a likely benign thyroid nodule except: A. Anechoic nodule B. Eggshell calcification C. Hyperechoic nodule D. Cold nodule

D

A 30 year old patient presents to the sonography department for a thyroid sonogram with a history of weight loss, hair loss, and hyperthyroidism. Pt. has bulging eyes.

Graves disease

What abnormality is associated with he sonographic findings of thyroid inferno?

Graves disease

What is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism?

Graves disease

What is the most common thyroid cancer?

Papillary carcinoma

What is an autoimmune disease that affects the glands that produce moisture, leading to dysfunction of the salivary glands and dryness of the eyes, nose, skin, and mouth?

Sjogren syndrome

duct that drains submandibular gland

Wharton's duct

The fluid produced by the thyroid gland that contains thyroid hormones is referred to as

colloid

sialadenitis

inflammation of a salivary gland

What does the thyroid gland utilize to produce its hormone?

iodine

Which muscles are located posterior to each thyroid lobe?

longus colli

Most common form of salivary gland cancer

mucoepidermoid carcinoma

A patient with hypercalcemia presents to the sonography department for a neck sonogram. What abnormality in the neck should be suspected?

parathyroid adenoma

What is elevated serum calcium associated with?

parathyroid adenoma

Which gland is located immediately anterior to the ear?

parotid

Term for stones within the salivary duct

sialolithiasis

main duct of the parotid gland

stensen duct

Which muscle does fibrmatosis colli mostly affect?

sternocleidomastroid

Which muscles are located lateral to each thyroid lobe?

sternocleidomastroid

which muscles are located anterior to the thyroid gland

strap muscle

Which vascular structure is located closest to the thyroid lobes?

CCA

sialolithiasis

salivary stones

In the presence of hashimotos thyroiditis, the thyroid produces

too few thyroid hormones

The superior extension of the thyroid isthmus is referred to as

pyramidal lobe